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What’s the difference between VRV and VRF

Many people would always ask this question, is there any difference between VRV and VRF,are they belong to two different HVAC technologies?Actually, those are two different terms for the same type of HVAC technology.Based on Inverter technology compressors, the first VRV systems were invented by Daikin during the early 1980's. As a technology leader in the HVAC industry, Daikin had registered the VRV term (which stands for Variable Refrigerant Volume1) as an official trademark. All other companies use VRF (Variable Refrigerant Flow2) for their similar HVAC systems. Eventually, VRF is the more common term for these types of systems.

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What is VRF?

It can easily be related to as the "Rolls Royce" of Air Conditioning Systems. It’s a very sophisticated technological air conditioning system, based on several principles:

Refrigerant only - where refrigerant is the only coolant material in the system (in contrary to the chilled water systems, where refrigerant is used for cooling/heating the water that is circulated throughout the whole system).

Inverter compressors that allow lowering power consumption with partial cooling/heating loads.

Several air handlers (indoor units) on the same refrigerant loop / circuit.

Ability of modular expansion (especially applicable for large projects, that can grow in stages).

How does VRF work?

The operation logic of the VRF is fully built-in inside the system and is proprietary for each VRF manufacturer. The system gets inputs from the user (e.g. desired comfort temperature) and from the surroundings (outside ambient temperature), and according to that data it implements its logic in order to get to the desired comfort conditions, utilizing optimal power consumption.

The ability to adjust itself to the outdoor conditions is one of the main factors that makes these systems so efficient, compared to the traditional water cooled systems, based on chillers and fan coils.

VRF SYSTEM TYPES

Cooling only systems (less popular) – those systems can only cool. Heating is not available. Fan and Dry modes are available for each indoor unit independently.

Heat Pump systems (most popular) – all the indoor units can either heat, or cool (not at the same time). Fan and Dry modes are available for each indoor unit independently.

Heat Recovery systems (less popular) – those systems are the most sophisticated ones, where cooling and heating may be available by each indoor unit, independently, at the same time.

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What are the copper pipe sizes for air conditioning and refrigeration?

Measurement of copper pipe sizes is based on either the external pipe diameter or the internal pipe diameter, also called the pipe bore. When you add the extra dimension of varying wall thickness, two pipes can look the same but have very different characteristics due to increased copper wall thickness. 

Pipes with larger wall thickness are used when the refrigerant in the system exerts higher pressures. Commonly, modern air conditioners use higher pressure refrigerants and as such use copper pipe with increased wall thickness to withstand the higher operating pressures.��

The choice of pipe size and wall thickness is based on the characteristics of the refrigerant, the capacity of the system and system design including installation specifics.

Going back to the issue of varying standards, these can be a real headache on the ground. The imperial pipe sizing regime is designed such that the pipes interconnect easily and use standardized tooling for swaging and flaring.

We also use a metric standard which is not a metric equivalent of the imperial standard pipe sizes. For example, 6mm pipe instead of 1/4″ (6.35mm) and 9mm pipe instead of 3/8″ (9.53mm).

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