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Activity 3

While most countries have a lengthy history of collecting agriculture statistics. Line ministries may have missed the relevance of inland fisheries data collection. Because of their dispersal and size. Inland fisheries are frequently unmonitored. Many communities have a subsistence component, which affects their social and economic well-being. The task of data collecting is more complicated than for other tasks, and the contribution is less obvious. An agriculture census is a large-scale, nationwide statistics exercise that takes place on a regular basis. Information that can quantify on a country's food producing sector's structure. Acknowledging the relationship between agricultural and fishing in mixed-type farms in water-rich areas. Some census-related statistical operations could be used further to obtain more data, information further explanation of the economic activity. This is required for national accounting reasons. Agricultural producing units, especially when the holdings also participate in additional or supplementary non-agricultural activities. Ancillary activities are seen as a component of agriculture is included in national accounts. A sample illustration of an agricultural auxiliary activity. The collecting of fishery products from waters on the holding or accessible to the holding is referred to as holding. Such waterways are most often fresh waters in rural regions and contribute to the inland fishing production. Agriculture production unit activities are defined by the scale of the activity and its purpose. In general, non-agricultural activities on a small scale or that are typically for profit are, as a rule, prohibited. Special criteria were prepared in conjunction with the FAO WCA 2000 initiative broaden the scope of the census to capture structural aquaculture data and aid nations in enhancing their present aquaculture surveys, or give a framework for those countries sought to create an aquaculture information base. A similar strategy might be used in inland fishing. The basic characteristics of agricultural production units' economic activity may be identified and can be specified in accordance with the United Nations International Standard Industrial Classification of all Economic Activities (ISIC), which also serves as a foundation for worldwide comparability in terms of national statistics ISIC.

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Effects of Climate Change on Livestock: Sri Lankan Perspectives

Crops and Livestock are the major sub-economic sectors of agriculture in Sri Lanka.  The contribution of the livestock sector to the GDP of Sri Lanka has been increasing in recent years.  The Animal Husbandry Division is responsible for 9% of CO2 emissions.  Internal fermentation and farm manure are responsible for about 35-40% of the annual global human methane emissions.  Rising temperatures can reduce or destroy coarse yields, leading to food shortages and poor animal productivity.  Although the livestock sector contributes economically to the livelihoods of the people, the impact of global warming on the industry has been little studied in the Sri Lankan context.  The objectives of this review are overall statistics on livestock greenhouse gas emissions and climate change research and development activities.

Methane is the major greenhouse gas emitted by livestock.  The amount of emissions depends on the animal's body type, metabolism and food quality.  LOKUPITİYA (2016) estimates that methane emission for dairy cows, buffaloes and sheep is lower than the relevant IPCC defaults.  The project is funded by the FAO and the Government of New Zealand, and estimates of Sri Lankan cattle greenhouse gas emissions.  They considered feeding type, feeds available, agro-ecological zones of the country  and production systems.  Greenhouse gas emissions are highest in the dry zone and lowest in the wet zone.  Production efficiency is low in the dry zone, which is important for future mitigation and adaptation.

In terms of research and development related to greenhouse gas emissions, Sri Lanka's mitigation and adaptation measures are at a very low level due to lack of infrastructure and funding.  But today, the productivity of the West Coast has increased significantly, mainly through the improvement of nutrition, housing, well-being and health.  Specific factors are essential to address the adverse effects of climate change.  Since Sri Lanka does not have the facilities to measure GHG emissions scientifically, it has only judgmental values.  Therefore, this is a good time for institutions and researchers who have the facilities to measure greenhouse gas emissions as well as prioritize climate.  Therefore, it is time to set up greenhouse gas emission centres as well as funding agencies and researchers to prioritize climate change in the livestock sector.

Climate change is adversely affecting livestock migration in countries.  Capacity building in this area should be a priority as data on GHG emissions are largely estimated.  Although some studies and development programs have been conducted in the country without focusing on global warming mitigation or adaptation strategies, it has contributed to that goal.  Therefore, more research and development projects in the livestock industry should be launched to mitigate adverse climate change.

REFERENCES

Ø  Gill M., Smith P. and Wilkinson J.M.(2010): Mitigating climate change: The role of domestic livestock. Animal 4(3):323–333.

Ø  Bodahewa A.P., Weerasinghe W.M.P.B.and Palliyeguru M.W.C.D. (2014): Effects of feeding total mixed ration (TMR) on the production performance of dairy cows. The Sri Lanka Veterinary Journal (Supplement) 11.

Ø  Lokupitiya E. (2106): Country specific emission factors for methane emission from enteric fermentation: a case study from a non-annex 1 country. Journal of national Science Foundation, Sri Lanka 44(2): 137-144.

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Pregnant women need more nutrients to fullfill nutritional needs of the growing fetus and mother.Inadequate dietary intake cause for growth failure, malnutrition like health issues. Sri Lankan government has several intereventions to improve nutrition of both pregnant mothers and fetus to ensure their health.Knowledge about nutrition is important to promote health and achieve positive effect on maternal and fetal wellbeing. There is an absence of nutrition educational booklets for pregnant women in Sri Lanka. This study was conducted in three steps: development of a booklet, validation and evaluation by experts in the field of nutrition and dietetics, pregnant women and mother and child health clinics.IN Format of the booklet provides the general information on maternal nutrition and a balanced diet.Sample of 12 Nutritionists and Nutritionists consisting of 2 Professors, 1 Senior Lecturer, 2 Physicians, 1 Paramedic, 2 Nutritionists, 2 Public Health Nurses and 2 Public Health Nurses.  The monthly family income of a pregnant woman is Rs.  10,000 / = for 5% and> Rs.  25,000 / = for 39% and others were among them.  The book consisted of 2 parts.  The first section provides general information on maternal nutrition and a balanced diet, while the second section lists some of the most nutritious balanced diet menus for healthy pregnant and diabetic mothers.