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I’m on cardiology right now, and yesterday the fellow taught us some basics for interpreting EKGs. The trick is the have a thorough algorithm and do it every time so you don’t miss anything.

Disclaimer: Obviously this is just a cursory intro so folks won’t look like...

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http://www.beatricebiologist.com/

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Every Rotation Ever

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1. Clinical classification of the mode of heart failure (Forrester classification)

2. Framingham Heart Failure criteria (1971)　[X]

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(A) ECG tracing showing normal P, Q,R,S, and T waves. (B) ST elevation with acute ischemia. (C) Q wave with acute myocardial infarction. (Bottom) Current-of-injury patterns with acute ischemia. With predominant subendocardial ischemia (A), the resultant ST segment is directed toward the inner layer of the affected ventricle and the ventricular cavity. Overlying leads therefore record ST-segment depression. With ischemia involving the outer ventricular layer (B) (transmural or epicardial injury), the ST vector is directed outward. Overlying leads record ST-segment elevation.

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Easy Cardiac Auscultation | Intro S3 S4 S1 S2

This.is.awesome.

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Stoke Volume and Cardiac Output Relationship:

stroke volume = amount of blood pumped from ventricles with each contraction

cardiac output = amount of blood pumped with each stroke volume over a given period 

Ex: if you pump 1mL with each stroke —> and your heart rate is 65 bpm —> your cardiac output would be 65 mL per minute

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Respiratory Acidosis:

Risk Factors:

Respiratory depression

Pneumothorax

Airway obstruction

Inadequate ventilation

Manifestations:

pH < 7.35

PCO2 > 45 mmHg

Dizziness

Palpitations

Muscle twitching

Convulsions

Interventions:

Maintain patent airway

Reversal agents for narcotics

Regulation ventilation therapy

Bronchodilators

Mucolytics

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Respiratory Alkalosis:

Risk Factors:

Hyperventilation

Hypoxemia

Altitude sickness

Asphyxiation

Asthma

Pneumonia

Manifestations:

pH > 7.45

PCO2 < 35 mmHg

Tachypnea

Anxiety, tetany

Paresthesias

Palpitations

Chest pain

Interventions:

Regulate oxygen therapy

Reduce anxiety

Rebreathing techniques

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#repost

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How to Make a Baby by photographer Patrice Laroche and Sandra Denis, the mother of his new baby daughter Justine.

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