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useful period phrases in Spanish

a vocabulary list requested and started by @ohshelearns ♡

productos de higiene femenina (feminine hygiene products)

toalla sanitaria (con alas/sin alas): sanitary towel/pad (with wings/without wings)

nivel de absorción: level of absorbency

protector diario: panty liner (lit: daily protector)

tampón: tampon 

copita menstrual: menstrual cup

síntomas (symptoms)

sangre: blood

sangrado: bleeding 

flujo: flow

flujo abundante: (lit. abundant flow)

coágulo de sangre: blood clot 

síndrome premenstrual: premenstrual syndrome (PMS)

hinchazón: bloating

cambios de humor: mood swings 

dolor en los pechos: sore breasts

dolor de cabeza: headache

migraña: migraine

brote: breakout 

dolor de cintura: waist pain

useful phrases

☆ To say when you’re on your period

Tengo el periodo: I’m on my period

You could also say “Tengo la menstruación” but I think it sounds too… bold?

Me manché/me ensucié: I got a stain 

¿Cuándo es tu periodo?: When is your period?

*You could also say ¿Cuando te viene el periodo?

Necesito toallas sanitarias: I need sanitary pads/towels

¿Tienes toallas sanitarias?: Do you have pads?

☆ To talk about your cramps

Tengo cólico/cólicos: (lit. I have cramps)

¿Necesitas pastillas para el cólico?: Do you need pills for cramps? 

¿Tienes pastillas para el cólico?: Do you have pills for cramps?

Necesito pastillas: I need pills

Me dan cólicos: I get cramps

No me dan cólicos: I don’t get cramps 

Mis cólicos son muy fuertes: My cramps are really bad 

Me duele mucho: It hurts a lot

Mi periodo no ha llegado/no llega: My period hasn’t come

Mi periodo es irregular: My period is irregular.

~ As far as I know, we don’t have specific words for missed periods or late periods. Personally I would just explain the situation with phrases like: “No me ha venido el periodo” when it’s late and “No me vino el periodo” when it’s missed.

bonus

*In my country at least, there are several ways to call a certain thing:

pads are also called empaques

period is also called la regla

I’m on my period = Tengo la regla

My period hasn’t come = No me ha venido/bajado 

☆ There are also plenty phrases you could use to refer to the period. It would be a long list if I gathered them all, so I’m adding two of my favorites:

- Estoy con Andrés (el que viene una vez al mes) = I’m with Andrés (the one who comes once a month)

- La marea roja = the red tide(?)

If something’s not clear, or you have any request please let me know and I will update/edit this list. This was fun to make, so if anyone has an idea for another list, please let me know~~ I hope y'all find this one useful ❤

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🍖🍴 Phrases at the Restaurant in German! PS: Learn German with the best FREE online resources, just click here: https://www.germanpod101.com/?src=social_special_infograph_restaurant_051619

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Learning Sylheti: The Script

(to learn about the language and this script, refer to this post) 

Alphabets and Numbers: pdf   বর্ণমালা এবং সংখ্যা: পিডিএফ        

The Ultimate Syloti-Nagri Book: pdf  নাগরী ভাষাশিক্ষার জন্য সর্বোত্তম বই: পিডিএফ 

How to write and pronounce: video উচ্চারণ করতে এবং লিখতে শিখুন: ভিডিও 

Alphabets with vocabulary: video বর্ণমালার সঙ্গে শব্দ শিখুন: ভিডিও 

Vowel Marks: video  “কার” শিখুন: ভিডিও 

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I keep getting ser and estar mixed up 😭

hello amigo!

actually this is easy. just like english, you can use the verb “to be” to refer to different meaning to address essential qualities/characteristics or conditions.

The apple is green. (Condition: Meaning the apple is not ripe.)

The apple is green. (Essential: Meaning the color of the apple is green.)

in spanish we have the same but with we differentiate the meaning with two verbs: ser and estar.

SER AND ESTAR

Ser is used to address an essential quality while Estar is used to address a condition.

La banana está verde: The banana is green. (condition). Meaning that the fruit is unripe.

La banana es verde: The banana is green. (essence). Meaning the fruit color is green.

So what you can gather from that example is that Ser is used to talk about what something is and Estar is used to talk about how something is. Something that maybe you’ll see on the internet or in books is that Ser is for permanent things/subjects and Estar is for temporary things/subjects but i want you to forget that or ignore it since there can be a lot of different situations where that doesn’t apply so it doesn’t truly apply to the verbs.

Mi amigo es malo en clases

(My friend is bad in classes). You see i use the verb “ser” but that doesn’t mean that the boy will be permanently bad in class, he can improve in the future so the “rule” doesn’t apply, and there are tons of other examples with that similarity.

what you can do is use these acronyms:

SER = DOCTOR (Description, Occupation, Characteristics, Time, Origin, Relationship)

ESTAR = PLACE (Position, Location, Action, Condition, Emotion)

but before i give you some examples of like you to know that these two verbs are irregular which means that they change depending on the person and time that they are used. So check the Dictionary from the Real Academia Española (RAE), verb “ser”; verb “estar”.

there are some exclusive situations where only applies to each verb separately.

Ser Exclusives:

Name: Mi nombre es Oskar (My name is Oskar) - Description

Origin/Nationality: Soy de El Salvador (I’m from El Salvador) - Origin

Profession/Activity: Yo soy estudiante (I am an student) - Occupation

Religion/Lack of belief: Ella es cristiana (She is christian) - Characteristic

Identity: Ella es la hija de mi hermana (She is my sister’s daughter) - Relationship

Time: Son las tres de la tarde (It is three in the afternoon) - Time

Descriptions: Su cabello es de color naranja (Her hair color is orange) - Description/Characteristic

Price: Son cuatro dolares y tres centavos (It is four dollars and three cents)

You can also know when to use “Ser” when the noun follows the verb; also to tell where something is from; or simply tell where an event is taking place

Estar Exclusives:

Location (not events): El celular está en la mesa (The cellphone is on the table) - Location/Position

“Be present/be ready”: ¿Cuándo estará la comida? (When will the food be [ready]?) - Condition

Estar + progressive tense: Mi hermano está cocinando la cena (My brother is cooking the dinner) - Action

Physical/Emotional state: Estoy triste (I am sad) - Emotion

To express agreement or disagreement: Estoy de acuerdo con el profesor (I agree with the teacher) - Condition

Estar is used to tell where something is located right now.

Also there are times where you can use both verbs but it all depends on the meaning, the mostly applies when the verb is follow by an adjective since the can help change the meaning from an essential quality to a condition.

La maestra está aburrida. (Emotion): The teacher is bored.

La maestra es aburrida. (Description): The teacher is boring.

Everything depends on the meaning behind your intentions. I hope this helps with your question, and see that is actually easy at the end. Have a great day!!

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Spanish Grammar Resources

The lovely @studywithbyu​ came to looking for some help with Spanish grammar, so here is a little masterlist! (warning, not so little - long post ahead!) I highly suggest checking out both resources because they cover different things and one may provide the information in a better format for you.

Grammar with SpanishDict

A great resource with reliable translations and instruction! I go here instead of to Google Translate because I know it’s much more helpful and accurate. It also has forums for individual questions. 

Here is a list of all its lessons:

Adjectives

Descriptive adjectives (regular and irregular)

Adjective placement

Nationalities as adjectives

Short form adjectives (apocopation)

Possessive adjectives

Cardinal numbers (0-100)

Cardinal numbers (101+)

Ordinal numbers

Negatives and negation

Asking questions: interrogatives

Comparisons of inequality

Comparisons of equality

Superlatives - the best, worst, most, & least

Using adjectives as nouns

Relative adjectives (cuyo)

Demonstrative adjectives

Exclamatory words

Adverbs

Adverb forms and placement 

Articles

Definite article forms (regular and exceptions)

Definite Article Uses

Indefinite article forms (regular and irregular)

Indefinite article uses

Neuter article

Conjunctions

Conjunctions 

Gender

Masculine and feminine nouns

Professions and other nouns with both masculine and feminine forms

Number

Plural forms of nouns (regular and exceptions) 

Prepositions

Basic Prepositions

Basic por vs. para (motion vs. destination)

Contractions

Advanced por vs. para (DREEMS vs. PRODDS)

Advanced expressions with por and para

Pronouns

Subject pronouns (personal pronouns)

Spanish “you” - (tú, vos, usted, vosotros, ustedes)

Object pronouns (pronouns after prepositions)

Direct Object Pronouns

Direct object pronoun placement

Indirect Object Pronouns

Indirect object pronoun placement

Possessive pronouns

Neuter possessive pronouns

Using direct and indirect object pronouns together

Demonstrative pronouns

Relative pronouns (que, quien, el que, el cual)

Neuter relative pronouns (lo que, lo cual)

Impersonal se

Impersonal se vs. passive se

Passive se

Pronunciation

Spanish Alphabet and Pronunciation

Spanish vowels

Spanish syllables

Word stress

Written accents (tildes)

Spanish punctuation

Verbs

Infinitive forms and finding stems for regular verbs

Other uses for infinitives

Present Participles

Other uses for the present participle (gerundio)

Past participle regular forms and uses

Irregular and stressed past participles

Present perfect - Using haber with past participles

Present Tense Forms

Present tense spelling changes

Stem Changing Verbs

Irregular present tense

Verbs like gustar

Basic ser vs. estar - D.O.T. vs. Lo.Co.

Uses of ser: descriptions

Uses of ser: origins

Uses of ser: time

Uses of estar: Location

Uses of estar: condition

Informal future (ir + a + infinitive)

Imperfect Tense Forms

Spanish Preterite Tense Forms

Spelling changes in the preterit

Stem changes in the preterit

Verbs that change meaning in the preterit

Preterit vs. Imperfect - differences and signifier phrases

Affirmative informal (tú) commands

Negative Tú Commands

Formal Affirmative and Negative Commands

Subjunctive vs. Indicative

Wishes & wants in the subjunctive

Emotions with the subjunctive

Impersonal expressions with the subjunctive

Recommendations & requests with the subjunctive

Doubts & denial with the subjunctive

Ojalá with the subjunctive

Uncompleted or prospective actions with the subjunctive

Present Subjunctive Regular and Irregular Forms

Present Progressive Forms

Saber vs. Conocer

Pedir vs. preguntar (to ask)

Reciprocal verbs and pronouns

Reflexive Verbs and Pronouns

Active vs. passive voice

Nosotros commands

Indirect commands

Imperfect progressive

Simple future regular forms and uses

Simple future irregular and stem changing forms

Hacer with expressions of time

Conditional regular and irregular forms and uses

Imperfect Subjunctive

Future subjunctive forms and uses

Past perfect forms and uses

Preterit perfect

Present Perfect Subjunctive

Future perfect

Conditional perfect forms and uses

Past Perfect Subjunctive Forms

Future perfect subjunctive forms and uses

Verb structures (transitive, intransitive, pronominal)

Ir vs. irse

Verbal periphrasis

Indicative mood

Imperative mood

Copular Verbs

________________________________________________________________

Spanish Grammar @ StudySpanish.com

Nine units full of very useful grammar! I plan to use this one myself for a bit of self-instruction before I go to Catalonia. My favorite part is it gives you flashcard ideas and has review.

Here are the units and their topics:

UNIT ONE

1. Gender of Nouns I

2. Gender of Nouns II

3. Numbers: 1-10

4. Plural Forms of Nouns

5. Def. & Indef. Articles

6. The Verb Form “hay”

7. Subject Pronouns

8. Reg. Verbs I

9. Reg. Verbs II

10. Reg. Verbs III

11. Adjectives I

12. Adjectives II

13. Days of the Week

14. Numbers: 11-30

UNIT TWO

15. Ser and Estar I

16. Ser and Estar II

17. Ser and Estar III

18. Ser and Estar IV

19. Negation

20. Questions

21. Poss. Adjectives

22. Tener, venir

23. Tener que / Hay que

24. Exp. with “Tener”

25. Weather Expressions

26. The Personal “a”

27. Contractions

UNIT THREE

28. Stem-Changing Verbs: o:ue

29. Stem-Changing Verbs: e:ie

30. Stem-changing verbs: e:i

31. Estar, Ir, Dar

32. “Ir a” + infinitive

33. Acabar de

34. Volver a

35. Ordinal Numbers

36. Months, Seasons, and Dates

37. Comparisons of Inequality

38. Comparisons of Equality

39. Superlatives

UNIT FOUR

40. Pronouns as Objects of Prepositions

41. Dir. Object Pronouns I

42. Dir. Object Pronouns II

43. Dir. Object Pronouns III

44. Ind. Object Pronouns I

45. Ind. Object Pronouns II

46. Ind. Object Pronouns III

47. DO and IO Pronouns Together

48. Verbs Like Gustar

49. Present Progressive

50. Verbs with Irregular 1st Persons

UNIT FIVE

51. Saber vs Conocer / Pedir vs Preguntar

52. Numbers: 31-1000

53. Telling Time

54. Por and Para

55. Irreg. Comparatives

56. Demonstratives

57. Time Expressions With Hacer

58. Possessive Pronouns

59. Reflexive Verbs I

60. Reflexive Verbs II

61. Definite Article II

UNIT SIX

62. Pret. vs Imp. I

63. Preterite I

64. Imperfect I

65. Preterite II

66. Imperfect II

67. Pret. vs Imp. II

68. Preterite III

69. Imperfect III

70. Preterite IV

71. Preterite V

72. Preterite VI

73. Pret. vs Imp. III

74. Pret. vs Imp. Review

UNIT SEVEN

75. “Hace …” to mean “ago”

76. Formation of Adverbs

77. Subjunctive I: Introduction

78. Subjunctive II: Conjugating regular and stem-changing verbs

79. Subjunctive III: Verbs that change orthographically

80. Subjunctive IV: Irregular verbs

81. Subjunctive V: Desire

82. Subjunctive VI: Ignorance, doubt

83. Subjunctive VII: Impersonal Expressions

84. Subjunctive VIII: Actions not yet completed

UNIT EIGHT

85. Rel. Pronouns - que

86. Rel. Pronouns - quien

87. Rel. Pronouns - el que and lo que

88. Rel. Adjective - cuyo

89. Rel. Pronouns and Adjectives - Review

90. Formal Commands

91. Inform. Commands - tú

92. Irreg. Commands - tú

93. Using Object Pronouns with Commands

94. Commands Review I

95. Informal Commands - vosotros

96. 1st Person Commands - nosotros

97. Indirect Commands

98. Commands Review II

UNIT NINE

99. Future

100. Past Participle

101. Present Perfect

102. Past Perfect

103. Future Perfect

104. Conditional

I hope this helps! 

________________________________________________________________

Some other good websites:

121Spanish

PracticingSpanish

Rocket Languages

And if you plan to practice writing and don’t have a native speaker or proficient learner to help, here’s a Spanish editor!

Spanish Checker

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GERMAN MENTAL HEALTH VOCABULARY

die psychische Gesundheit - mental health die Essstörung - eating disorder Bulimie - bulimia Magersucht - anorexia Aufmerksamkeitsdefizit-Hyperaktivitätsstörung (ADHS) - attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) die Diagnose - diagnosis die Therapie - therapy die Depression/en - depression der Berater - counsellor der Suizid/ Selbstmord - suicide das Burnout - burnout der Autismus - autism das Wohlsein - well-being die Angststörung - anxiety das Benehmen/ Verhalten - behaviour die Sozialphobie - social anxiety die Schizophrenie - schizophrenia die Selbstverletzung - self harm  die Hilfe - help helfen - (to) help unter/an etw. leiden - (to) suffer from sth.

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Kanji radical flashcards

Recently, I made some flashcards to study kanji radicals. I found the list of all the radicals on Wikipedia and I made 42 flashcards for what they called the “top 75%” which means they represents 75% of jouyou kanji.

I will be studying them with the Leitner method (an analog SRS method). I bought an address card box, I thought it was the quickest and easiest way to have a Leitner system. I did not want to spend too much time or money on krafting a box with dividers and on making cards. It is kind of ugly, not “study inspiration” worthy but I am fine with this lol

I used some washi tape to identify the cards by their jouyou frequency: red for the top 25%, green for the top 50% and blue for the top 75% (each category includes the preceding one). I used a white pen to mark their number in the Wikipedia table and a black pen to write down the radical and its pronunciation on the front and its meaning on the back, nothing fancy.

I am thinking on doing this later for kanji and vocabulary but I worry about the number of cards. I should use an app like Anki but I tend to not use apps and stuff like that and I really like writing, paper, pens etc.

That was all for today. Have a nice weekend! (And I am sorry for that brutal article ending, I have been thinking on it for the last 10 minutes but I have not found any smooth transitioning ^^’)

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"German is complicated"

The German language: this is a shape with four corners. We call it “fourcorner”

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English speakers often struggle with German word order and verb forms. But here are three situations which are especially confusing for English speakers when learning German! If you have any questions, let me know.

WANN VS. WENN:

Wenn, as you’ll come to realise, is often times a false friend. It sounds like when, and in some cases it does mean when, but not always. Take a look at these examples:

Wann muss ich nach Hause? - Wenn es dunkel wird. When do I have to come home? - When it’s getting dark.

Ich weiß noch nicht, wann ich nach Hause komme. I don’t know when I’ll be coming home.

If it’s a question or a negated statement, you always use wann!

The first is a question, so you use wann. The second is the reply. In the second example the speaker can’t pinpoint the exact time of his return. He uses a negation (nicht). Therefore, he has to say wann.

WENN/FALLS VS. OB

In this case, ‘if’ is the confusing word. Germans also struggle with this when learning English. If and when don’t correlate the same way as wenn/falls and ob do. Take a look at the following examples:

Kommst du mit an den See? - Ja, wenn/falls es nicht regnet. Are you coming along to the lake? - Yes, if/in case it doesn’t rain.

Weißt du, ob das Wetter morgen schön sein soll? Do you know if/whether the weather is supposed to be nice tomorrow?

‘wenn’ - used in if / in case situations.  ‘falls’ - can be used as a synonym for wenn, though it’s more formal. When in doubt, use wenn. ‘ob’ - used for conditional sentences and questions with a definite yes or no answer. If you can use ‘whether’ in English, it’s ‘ob’. Hint: there’s always a comma before ob.

FALSE FRIEND: BEKOMMEN

Bekommen does not mean to become. It means to get/receive. Germans also mix these up when speaking English sometimes. To become is werden in German.

Ich bekomme ein Fahrrad zu Weihnachten! I’m getting a bike for Christmas.

Kann ich Lehrer werden, wenn ich groß bin? Can I become a teacher when I’m grown up?

NOTE: In some cases, to get can translate to werden. But to become NEVER means bekommen!!!!

Ich werde alt. I’m getting old.

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happy new year !!

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Folgen Sie uns auf YouTube www.youtube.com/learngermann

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Frequency Adverbs

You can add any frequency adverb such as 毎日 (everyday)、よく (often)、and ときどき (sometimes) to a sentence to descibe how often you do something.

EX:

私はときどき喫茶店に行きます。

I sometimes go to a coffee shop.

Two adverbs which describe how infrequent an activity or an event is: せんぜん (never; not at all) and あまり (not often; not very much). These adverbs anticipate the negative at the end of the sentence. If you use せんぜん or あまり, in other words, you need to conclude the sentence with ません.

EX:

私はせんぜんテレビを見ません 。

I do not watch TV at all.

たけしさんはあまり勉強しません。

Takeshi does not study much.

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There are two forms of sentence structure you can use with prepositions.

topic は something の position(preposition) に　あります・います

something の position に subject が あります・います

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Langblr Music Asks!!

English: What is your favorite song in your target language?

German: What is your favorite song that is not in your target language?

Chinese: Do you like K-Pop, J-Pop or C-Pop?

French: Do you like musicals, if so, what’s your favorite?

Spanish: Have you ever listened to the same song in different languages?

Russian: Have you listened to Disney songs in other languages?

Arabic: Do you like Multilanguage versions of songs?

Polish: Do you have a favorite band/artist that sings in your target language?

Hungarian: Have you memorized the lyrics to a song in your target language?

Portuguese: Have you memorized the lyrics to a song in a language you don’t speak?

Italian: Do you listen to music you normally wouldn’t just because it is in your target language?

Dutch: Name your top three artists that sing in your target language.

Japanese: Name your top three artists that don’t sing in your target language.

Romanian: Name your top three songs in your target language

Korean: Name your top three songs in any language

Basque: Have you ever decided to learn a language just because you loved a song sung in it? If so, what language and what song made you learn it?

Slovak: Do you have different playlists for different languages in your music library?

Swedish: Does your music library look like an UN confference?

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the day when people don’t say linguist to mean polyglot anymore is the day i can sleep peacefully again

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Folgen Sie uns auf YouTube www.youtube.com/learngermann

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Top 10 Must-Know German phrases for going shopping

1. Ich schaue mich nur um. - I’m just looking around.

2. Ich suche […]. - I’m looking for […].

Wo finde ich […]? Where can i find […]?

3. Haben Sie das in einer anderen Farbe? - Do you have this in another color?

Example: Haben Sie das in blau? - Do you have this in blue?

4. Haben Sie das in einer anderen Größe? - Do you have this in another size?

Haben Sie das in Größe […]? - Do you have this in size […]? Example: Haben Sie das in Größe M? - Do you have this in size M?

5. Wieviel kostet das? - How much is this?

6. Ist das reduziert? - Is this item on sale?

7. Ich nehme das. / Ich überlege noch. - I take this. / I need to think about it.

8. Ich möchte mit Karte zahlen. / Ich möchte bar bezahlen.  - I want to pay by card. / I want to pay in cash.

9. Ich hätte gerne eine Tüte dazu. / Bitte geben Sie mir eine Tüte dazu.  - I would like to have a bag for this. / Pease give me a bag for this.

10. Würden Sie mir das bitte als Geschenk verpacken? - Would you please gift-wrap this?

That’s it! If you have any questions or requests, send me a message! :) ♥