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📌📌🗣️ word of the day: Quisling

https://www.ieltswinners.net/post/vocabulary-of-the-day-quisling

📌📌✔️🎉 GRAMMAR LESSON: DETAILED NOTES ON AMODEL VERBS WITH TEST PART 1 :

https://www.ieltswinners.net/post/grammar-lesson-20-all-about-model-verbs-part-1-with-test

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📌📌🎙️📼 **go through this video to know how to kick start your cue cards in most effective and Interesting ways. also* *these sentences will help you to construct a better cohesive and expressive cue cards*

https://youtu.be/AjAYs78aLcE

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For more lessons visit ieltswinners.net

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Grammar test

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https://youtu.be/upob_ouSuAs

🎙️📌📌recording of todays mock. all 4 modules question there(listening reading with answers), including speaking. Record n check . All the best

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🎉🎉📌Today's IELTS practice task for all modules (3/3/2021):

📌📌🗣️2021 WRITING AND SPEAKING COMMON TOPIC WITH IDEAS AND VOCAB: SHOPPING

https://www.ieltswinners.net/post/ielts-2021-writing-and-speaking-topic-14-crime

📌📌Listening:

https://youtu.be/XxsJ2OfejFY

📌📌Reading:

https://www.ieltswinners.net/post/ielts-reading-cambridge-series-14

📌📌✔️GENERAL WRITING :

https://www.ieltswinners.net/post/general-writing-14-informal-letter-discuss-with-opinion-essay

📌📌ACADEMIC WRITING :

https://www.ieltswinners.net/post/academic-writing-14-flow-chart--discuss-with-opinion

📌📌Speaking:

https://www.ieltswinners.net/post/ielts-2021-speaking-cue-card-14-place-you-like-to-study

📌📌🗣️Word of the day:

https://www.ieltswinners.net/post/vocabulary-of-the-day-18

🗣️🗣️ ESSENTIAL TIP FOR IELTS: band 9 strategies for true false, match heading and MCQs:

https://youtu.be/l3vKnW2smxY

📌📌✔️🎉 GRAMMAR LESSON: detailed notes on type of nouns with test part 2:

https://www.ieltswinners.net/post/grammar-lesson-14-detailed-notes-on-categories-of-noun-part-2-with-quiz-question

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GRAMMAR LESSON #19:Prepositions

A preposition is used to show the relationship, such as time or place, between a noun or pronoun and the rest of a sentence, clause or phrase. The preposition usually comes before the noun it refers to or ‘governs’. There are two types of preposition, simple prepositions and complex prepositions.

• Simple prepositions

Simple prepositions are often very short words, such as at, by, in, of, off, on, to and up, but also include such words as among, before, behind, during and through.

In the following sentences the bold words are all simple prepositions:

The cakes are on the table.

The cat is up the tree.

She sleeps during the day.

They left before dawn.

We arrived after dinner.

I will stay there for three weeks.

He is a young man of great talent.

She carried a bag with a black handle.

I will go with them.

He was sacked for theft.

I paid by cash.

We had to leave without Mary.

They were against the scheme.

• Complex prepositions

Complex prepositions consist of two or three words. These include ahead of, because of, instead of, on account of, by means of and on behalf of.

In the following sentences the bold words form complex prepositions:

She attended the conference in spite of illness.

He had to retire on account of his age.

They are not rich in terms of money.

They have a dog in addition to the three cats

Defining Categories

Most prepositions have multiple usages and meanings. Generally speaking, prepositions can be divided into eight categories: time, place, direction or movement, agency, instrument or device, reason or purpose, connection, and

origin. The following table highlights the most common prepositions and their

• Time

at, in, on, for, during, since, by, until, before, after, to, past

• Place

at, in, on, by/near/close to, next to/beside, between, behind, in front of, above/over, below/under

• Direction or Movement

to, from, over, under, along, around, across, through, into, out of, toward(s), away from, onto, off, up, down

• Agency by, with

• Instrument or Device

by, with, on

• Reason or Purpose

for, through, because of, on account of, from

• Connection: of, to, with

• Origin: from, of

•

📌📌🆓 Grammar Course

Topic : prepositions

https://youtu.be/OlUcndGTB6E

PRACTICE AND EXPLANATION:

https://www.ieltswinners.net/post/grammar-lesson-9-prepositions

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SPEAKING Practice task:

https://www.ieltswinners.net/post/ielts-speaking-day-2-a-polite-person-you-know

🆓 IELTS Speaking task

Lesson 1 Marking criteria and common mistakes

https://youtu.be/rM84dLajttQ

#vocabulary

#IELTS

#grammar #IELTSCoaching #English

#WhatsApp

#YouTube

#Instagram

#immigration

#canada

#uk

#USA

#stud

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GRAMMAR LESSON#8: PART OF SPEECH 2

PRONOUNS

A pronoun is a word that takes the place of a noun or noun phrase in a sentence.

• Example:

I bought an apple and ate it.

I phoned Jane and invited her to dinner.

You should have asked permission.

Jack told Sally all about himself.

Is anyone there?

Who said that?

There are several types of pronoun and they are categorized as follows.

• Personal pronouns

A personal pronoun is a pronoun that is used to refer back to someone or something that has already been mentioned. Of the different kinds of pronoun the personal pronouns are the most common.

There are three types of personal pronoun, according to their function in the sentence. The subject pronoun is used as the subject of a sentence; the object pronoun is used as the object of a sentence; the possessive pronoun is used to indicate that a person or thing belongs to, or is associated with, another person or thing.

• In sentence below, the underlined word is a personal subject pronoun,

1 I looked after the children.

• in sentence below the underlined word is a personal object pronoun

The grandparents looked after her.

• possessive pronoun.

That car is mine.

• I and we: the first person personal pronoun

Personal pronouns are also categorized according to person. The first person personal pronoun refers to the person who is speaking or

writing when referring to himself or herself. The first person personal pronoun, in the singular form, is I and, in the plural form, we, when it acts as the subject of a sentence. When it is the object of a sentence the singular form is me and the plural form is us. The possessive form of the first person personal pronoun in the singular form is mine and in the plural form is ours.

• Example

She said, ‘I am going home.’

‘I am going shopping,’ he said.

‘We have very little money left,’ she said to her husband.

In the following sentences the bold words are first person personal pronouns acting as the object of the sentences:

‘I think he hates me,’ Jane said.

‘It’s obvious that she deceived us,’ said Jim.

‘You have been very kind to me,’ said Sue.

In the following examples the bold words are first person personal pronouns, in the possessive form also known as possessive pronouns:

‘That book is mine,’ said Anne.

‘We won,’ said Bill, ‘and so the prize is clearly ours.’

• You: the second person personal pronoun

The second person personal pronoun refers to the person or thing that is being addressed in the sentence. The second person personal pronoun is you, whether it is the pronoun or object of the sentence and whether it is singular or plural. Unlike in some languages, the second person personal pronoun does

not alter its form in English. The possessive form of the second person personal pronoun is yours in both singular and plural forms.

• In the following sentences the bold words are second person personal pronouns acting as the subject of the sentences:

You, Mum and Dad, have been very generous to me.

You all are equally to blame.

• He, she, it and they: the third person personal pronoun

The third person personal pronoun refers to a third party, not to the speaker or writer of the sentence or to the person being addressed. The third person personal pronouns are, in the singular form, he, she and it and, in the plural

form, they, when the personal pronoun is the subject of the sentence. When the third person personal pronoun is the object of the sentence it takes the form of him, her or it in the singular form and, in the plural form, them. The possessive forms of the third person personal pronoun in the singular are respectively his,

hers or its. In the plural the possessive from is theirs.

• In the following sentences the bold words are third person personal pronouns acting as the subject of the sentence:

He left school last year.

She is the youngest of the three sisters.

It was the only hotel with vacancies in the area.

• In the following sentences the bold words are third person personal pronouns acting as the object of the sentence

I drove her to the station.

The house was charming and we loved it at first sight.

• In the following sentences the bold words are third person personal pronouns in the possessive form. They are also known as possessive pronouns.

The stolen car is theirs.

The fault is theirs, apparently.

That part of the garden is theirs

• Reflexive pronouns

Reflexive pronouns end in -self or -selves and refer back to a noun or pronoun that has been mentioned earlier in the sentence. The following is a list of reflexive pronouns:

myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves.

• In the following sentences the underlined words are reflexive pronouns:

I cut myself with the breadknife.

You will have to wash yourself in cold water.

• Reciprocal pronouns

Reciprocal pronouns are pronouns which are used to indicate a two-way relationship or to convey the idea of reciprocity. The reciprocal pronouns are each other and one another.

• In the following sentences the underlined words form reciprocal pronouns:

The two sisters have hated each other from childhood.

It is important to help each other as much as possible.

The children are always calling one another unpleasant names.

The friends helped one another with their geography homework.

• Demonstrative pronouns

Demonstrative pronouns are used to indicate or point to things or people. The demonstrative pronouns are this, that, these and those.

The demonstrative pronouns this and these are used to refer to something or someone close to the writer or speaker, while that and those are used to refer to something further away.

• In the following sentences the bold words are demonstrative pronouns:

Those are very expensive houses.

Those were interesting points which you raised at the meeting.

Those are our nearest neighbours.

• Indefinite pronouns

Indefinite pronouns are pronouns that are used to refer to people or things without specifying exactly who or what they are.

• The following is a list of the indefinite pronouns:

anyone, anybody, anything, everyone, everybody, everything, someone, somebody, something, no one, nobody, nothing.

• Distributive pronouns

Some pronouns were traditionally known as distributive pronouns but are now also variously known as indefinite pronouns or universal pronouns. Often such pronouns are followed by an ‘of’ construction.

• The following is a list of such pronouns:

all, both, each, either, neither, more, most, some.

In the following sentences the bold words are distributive/indefinite/universal pronouns:

We thought a few workers would be declared redundant, but, in the end, all kept their jobs.

All of the victims of the crash survived.

The three boys were involved in the crime and each deserves to be punished.

Each of the girls stands a chance of winning the competition.

• Interrogative pronouns

Interrogative pronouns are pronouns which are used to ask questions. They are among words sometimes called wh-words because they all begin with the letters

‘wh-’.

• The following is a list of interrogative pronouns:

who, whom, to whom, whose, which, what.

• Relative pronouns

Relative pronouns are pronouns that introduce a relative clause.

The relative pronoun refers back to a noun or noun phrase in the main clause, called the antecedent. In each case the antecedent is the word immediately before the relative pronoun. The following is a list of relative pronouns:

who, whom, whose, which, that.

• In the following sentences the underlined words are relative pronouns:

There’s the man who stole the car.

She was the only person whom I could trust

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watch the recording of free speaking session 2. get the idea on how to speak and what linkers to use in each part. subscribe and click on bell icon to be notified of the next live session. u may get chance to give free mock the next time. happy learning

https://youtu.be/yzDrqRwRSYI

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GRAMMAR LESSON#7: PART OF SPEECH 1

The smallest unit of language is the word. In grammar each word is assigned a grammatical category known as a part of speech.

The main parts of speech are :

noun,

pronoun,

adjective,

determiner,

verb,

adverb,

preposition

and conjunction.

Today we will see nouns in detail

Often called a ‘naming word’ in primary schools, a noun is used to refer to a person, thing or quality. Nouns are a very common feature of language and they are categorized into various classifications as follows.

• Common and proper nouns

A common noun refers to something of which there are many examples and so is very common.

• Example:

apple, band, car, city, country, day, dog, man, month, planet, religion, street.

A proper noun, on the other hand, refers to something in particular of which there is only one example. Unlike common nouns, proper nouns begin with a capital letter.

• Example:

Granny Smith (type of apple), Beatles (name of pop group), Buddhism, Volkswagen (trade name of type of car), London, Sweden, Wednesday,

• Concrete and abstract nouns

A concrete noun refers to something that you can touch. The following are examples of concrete nouns:

bag, carpet, door, flower, grape, hand, lake, monkey, orange, pan, road, shoe,window.

An abstract noun refers to something that you cannot touch. In other words, it refers to a quality, concept or idea. The following are examples of abstract nouns.

anger, beauty, Christianity, courage, danger, fear, greed, happiness, loyalty, Marxism, wisdom, youth.

• Countable and uncountable nouns

A countable noun, also known as a count noun, is a noun that can be preceded by the word ‘a’ and can exist in a plural form. When the plural form is used it is not usually preceded by a determiner, but is used alone. Most concrete nouns are countable. The following are examples of countable nouns:

city (plural cities), gate (plural gates), foot (plural feet), hat (plural hats), lady(plural ladies), monkey (plural monkeys), mouse (plural mice), taxi (plural taxis), window (plural windows).

An uncountable noun, also known as an uncount noun, is a noun that cannot usually be preceded by the word ‘a’ or ‘an’ and does not usually exist in a plural form. Abstract nouns tend to be uncountable. The following are examples of uncountable nouns:

They lived in poverty.

Our luggage went missing.

We are waiting for vital information.

You should put sugar in this pudding.

Education is an obsession with her.

I put some petrol in the car yesterday.

• Verbal noun

When the present participle functions as a noun it is known as a verbal noun or gerund. The verbal noun is so called because, although formed from a verb, it functions as a noun, acting as the subject of a sentence.

• Example:

Smoking is bad for your health.

Stealing is a crime.

Jogging is good exercise.

Sometimes the verbal noun can act as the object of a sentence. In the following sentences the bold words are verbal nouns or gerunds acting as the object of a sentence.

I don’t enjoy swimming.

She hates dancing.

She gave up smoking.

He took up jogging in the park.

Nouns or pronouns that qualify verbal nouns or gerunds should be in the possessive case as in:

My mother hates my smoking in her house.and

The head teacher objected to our wearing casual clothes on the school trip.

In these sentences the words my and our are both in the possessive case.

• Collective nouns

A collective noun is a singular noun that refers to a group of things or people when the whole group is being considered.

• Example:

a pack of wolves

a flock of sheep

a herd of cattle

a school of whales

a shoal of herring

a fleet of ships

a pride of lions

a swarm of flies

a gaggle of geese

a constellation of stars.

• Singular and plural forms of nouns

Regular singular forms of nouns

Most English nouns have a different ending for ‘one’ of something (called the singular form) than they do for ‘more than one’ (called the plural form). In the case of the majority of nouns the plural is formed regularly simply by adding s or es to the singular, as in

bat/bats, monkey/monkeys, church/churches.

In cases where the singular noun ends in a consonant followed by y then the plural form

regularly becomes ies, as in fairy/fairies.

• Gender of nouns

Many languages, such as French and German, are affected by the concept of grammatical gender. Thus, in French the word hill is feminine (la colline) according to grammatical gender, although in gender in the real world it would

be neuter. Similarly, the German word for a mountain (der Berg) is masculine in terms of grammatical gender, although in the real world it is neutral.

This is not true of English because English nouns tend to be grouped according to the natural distinctions of sex, or, where appropriate, absence of sex. Thus, we have the gender categories of masculine, feminine and neuteral and a man or boy is classified as masculine, a girl or woman is classified as feminine and a table or chair as neutral

• masculine example:

bridegroom, brother, duke, drake, emperor, father, husband, king, nephew, prince, son, widower.

Feminine of the same:

bride, sister, duchess, duck, empress, mother, wife, queen, niece, princess, daughter, widow.

The words in the following list are neuter:

apple, bottle, car, desk, egg, house, letter, newspaper, road, shoe, town, window

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Today's Speaking and writing question from Dec 2020. Practice and see how this do. For many more visit ieltswinners.net or our you tube channel: https://youtube.com/c/IELTSWinners

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https://youtu.be/eKMVkdZ9c_Y

Today's Speaking mock

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GRAMMAR LESSON#6: CLAUSES AND PHRASES

• Clauses

A clause like a major sentence, is a meaningful group of words containing a subject and predicate . However, unlike sentences, not all clauses can stand alone and make sense.

• Main clause

A clause that can stand alone and make sense is known as a main clause. Every major sentence must have at least one main clause .

Example:

He was at the office when I arrived.

I knew why he left.

We took the train because the car broke down.

Some sentences consist of more than one main clause connected by a coordinating conjunction such as and, but or or. Such sentences are known as compound sentences.

Example:

I was very angry and he knew it.

You can either apologize or you can leave immediately.

It was a sunny day but it was very cold.

The following sentences consist of more than two main clauses:

She was intelligent and she was very efficient but she had no luck in finding a job.

We can get a flight today or we can get one next week, but we cannot get one at the weekend.

• Punctuation and main clauses

A comma may be used to separate main clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction , but this is not usual, especially if the clauses have the same subject and the coordinating conjunction is and. When the coordinating conjunction is but, the use of a comma to mark off the main clause is more a matter of choice, especially when both clauses are quite long.

• Subordinate clause

A clause that cannot stand alone and make sense and is dependent on the main clause to make sense is called a subordinate clause. A subordinate clause can come before or after a main clause.

Example:

He arrived after we had started the meal.

We won’t be able to put in an offer for the house until we sell our own.

He failed the exam although he worked hard.

If you buy that car you will regret it.

When he saw her he smiled.

I wonder why she left.

There are several types of subordinate clause. With the exception of a verb, a subordinate clause can replace most elements of a sentence (adverb, adjective and noun).

Phrases

A phrase usually refers to a group of words that work together to form a grammatical unit, although, in fact, a phrase may consist of just one word.

A clause or sentence can usually be broken down into phrases. There are five kinds of phrase and each phrase takes its name from the word class which plays the main part in its structure.

Thus, in a noun phrase a noun is the main part of the structure of the phrase and in an adjective phrase an adjective is the main part of the structure of the phrase.