haneulislearning

[haneulislearning]

Phrases using 눈

눈을 감다: to close one’s eyes

눈을 뜨다: to open one’s eyes

눈을 내리깔다: to lower one’s eyes

눈을 비비다: to rub one’s eyes

눈을 가리다: to cover one’s eyes

눈을 깜박거리다: to blink

눈이 멀다: to be/become blind

눈이 맵다: for one’s eyes to burn

눈이 휘둥그래지다: for one’s eyes to widen

눈이 낮다: to have low expectations/standards

눈이 높다: to have high expectations/standards

예문

그녀는 눈을 감고 숨을 깊이 들이마셨다. (She closed her eyes and inhaled deeply.)

그가 눈을 뜨자 방이 빙글빙글 도는 것 같았다. (When he opened his eyes, the room was reeling.)

그녀는 계속 눈을 내리깔고 있었다. (She kept her eyes lowered.)

그는 눈을 비비고 하품을 했다. (He rubbed his eyes and yawned.)

그녀가 햇살을 피해 눈을 가렸다. (She shaded her eyes against the sun.)

그녀는 용감하게 눈을 깜박거리며 눈물을 참았다. (She bravely blinked back her tears.)

의사들은 그가 눈이 멀게 될 것이라고 생각한다. (Doctors think he will go blind.)

선블록 로션이 눈에 들어가서 눈이 맵다. (My eyes are burning after getting sun lotion in them.)

그녀의 두 눈이 놀라서 휘둥그레졌다. (Her eyes widened in surprise.)

내가 눈이 낮은 것인지 몰라도 비싼 옷이 꼭 좋다고 생각되지 않는다. (I may have low expectations, but I don't think expensive clothes are necessarily good.)

그는 여자친구가 없다고 불평하지만, 사실은 눈이 너무 높다. (He complains about being single, but he has such high standards.)

*예문들은 Naver Dictionary에서 왔어요

[haneulislearning]

한국 전래동화에 나오는 어회와 문법 ! - Vocabulary and grammar in traditional Korean fairytales !

English Translation:

———————————————————

Vocabulary:

옛날 - Olden days

옛날에 - Once upon a time

어머니/엄마 - Mum

그녀 - She/Her

돈 - Money

아들 - Son

딸 - Daughter

함께 - Together

숲 - Forest

어느 - Which

날 - Day

호랑이 - Tiger

떡 - Rice cake

더욱 더 - More and more

많이/많은 - Many/A lot

그 - He/Him

아이 - Kid/Child

아이들 - Kids/Children

옷 - Clothes

집 - House

꼬리 - Tail

밖 - Outside

나무 - Tree

꼭대기 - The top

하늘 - Sky

줄 - Rope

바닥 - Floor

오늘 - Today

해 - Sun

달 - Moon

Grammar - Verbs:

있다 - To exist

없다 - To not exist

살다 - To live

나타나다 - To appear

달다 - To ask/To request (In this context)

주다 - To give

원하다 - To want/To wish/To desire

먹다 - To eat

가다 - To go

가리다 - To cover

보다 - To see

도망가다 - To run away

올라가다 - To go up

자르다 - To cut

기도를 하다 - To pray

내리다 - To get off

떨어지다 - To fall

된다 - To become

Grammar - Sentence Forms:

라고 하다 - For indirect quotations

지다 - To become

도 - Too/Also/As well as

고 싶다 - To want

지 않다 - Is not

려고 - To intend to

시도하다 - To attempt to

Grammar - Connectives:

과 - And/With (With 받침)

하지만 - But

그래서 - So

그러나 - But/However

하고 (고) - And/With

Grammar - Markers/Particles:

에 - To/At (Location and time marker)

가 - Subject particle

는 - Topic particle

이 - Subject particle (With 받침)

에서 - At/In/On/From (Location marker)

에게 - To/For

을 - Object particle (With 받침)

를 - Object particle

들 - Plural marker

의 - Possessive marker

으로 - By/As/For/To/Towards/With (Directional marker)

로 - By/As/For/To/With (Directional marker - with 받침)

부터 - From/Since (Location and time marker)

은 - Topic particle (With 받침)

[haneulislearning]

-는 동안 VS. -(으)면서 [+ (을) 때]

anon asked: what’s the difference between -는 동안 and -(으)면서? I’m so confused

This is a great question! I am assuming you’re asking because they can be translated as the same thing into English. I understand why there will be confusion because, under context, these grammar points aren’t really distinguishable in English as they are in Korean. 

-는 동안; while, during [go here for more]

Use this when:

You’re not talking about the same doer of the action [엄마가 설거지를 하는 동안 아빠는 화장실을 청소했어요 - Mom cleaned the dishes while dad cleaned the bathroom]

You are talking about the same doer of the action [어제 공부하는 동안 문제가 생겼어요 - I found a problem while studying yesterday]

The doer of the action is inanimate [비가 많이 오는 동안 구름이 어두워졌어요 - the clouds darkened while it poured]

Try to remember that 동안 is used for a period of time; “-는 동안”은 일정 기간 동안 사용되다. Consider the example in the first rule. Think of the context of this sentence as: during the time it took for my mom to do the dishes, my dad cleaned the bathroom. Yes, you can switch it around because contextually it means the same thing, “아빠가 화장실을 청소하는 동안 엄마는 설거지를 했어요.”

NOTE: Because “-는” attaches to the dependent clause [엄마가 설거지를 하는 동안], the verb before it does not take tense and underlyingly takes the tense of the independent clause’s verb [아빠는 화장실을 청소했어요]. I used the past tense [과거] in my examples, but you can use the present tense [현재] or future tense [미래], obviously, depending on what you want to say. 

More Examples:

한국에서 사는 동안 한국어를 빨리 배웠어요 - While I lived in Korea, I learned Korean quickly.

대학교 디니는 동안 어디에서 살 거예요? - Where are you going to live while attending University?

아빠가 저녁을 준비하는 동안 저는 보통 숙제를 해요 - I usually do my homework while my dad makes dinner.

희주가 세수하는 동안 혜민은 이를 닦았어요 - While Heeju washed her face, Hyemin brushed her teeth.

제가 자는 동안 고양이는 제 식물을 먹었어요 - While I slept, my cat ate my plants.

-(으)면서; while

Use this when:

The doer of the action is the same [희주는 먹으면서 유튜브를 봐요 - Heeju watches YouTube while eating]

The action is happening simultaneously [지하철을 기다리면서 친구하고 전화했어요 - I waited for the metro while I called my friend]

Contrasting two actions [대현은 한국에서 일하고 싶다고 하면서 한국어를 못해요 - Daehyun said they wanted to work in Korea, but they don’t speak Korean]

NOTE: You can only use -(으)면서 when talking about the same doer of the action or state. For example, 희주는 일하는 동안 음악을 들었어요 and 희주는 일하면서 음악을 들었어요. BOTH work and are grammatically correct. The working and listening to music is being done by 희주, whether at the same time, or during work. However, a sentence like “희주는 일하면서 혜민은 음악을 들었어요” is grammatically incorrect. Even if 희주 and 혜민 are doing this at the same time, you must use -는 동안. 

More Examples:

샤워하면서 노래를 불렀어요 - While showering, I sang

요리하면서 요리법을 봐요 - While cooking, I read a recipe

수업을 들으면서 메모를 해요 - I take notes while in class

운전하면서 문자를 보내지 마세요 - Don’t text while driving

희주는 숙제를 하면서 음악을 들어요 - While Heeju does her homework, she listens to music

Differences between the two:

You can use 동안 with nouns [명사], you cannot use (으)면서 with nouns. However, you can use (이)면서 with nouns in conjunction with 이다 [저는 대학생이면서 선생님이에요 - I am a university student and a teacher]. This expresses two states of being that happen at the same time. 

You can not use -는 동안 to contrast actions

You MUST use the same doer of action with (으)면서

-는 동안 expresses an action that occurs during a period of time; -(으)면서 does not necessarily take place at a specific time

Similarities between the two:

You attach tense at the end of the sentence, you cannot attach tense to the dependent verb

They are, most of the time, interchangeable; just remember the rules above

BONUS! -(을/ㄹ) 때; when

The closest origin of “때” I could find in 한자 is “時”. “때” refers to an event/time/period of action (another translation of 時 can be 시). 

Things to remember:

You can use -때 with nouns and -(을/ㄹ) 때 with verbs.

Because it refers to a specific moment, you can attach tense to -(을/ㄹ) 때

You can use this with adjectives!

Can be used with -까지 and -부터! [때 + 부터 = since // 때 + 까지 = until]

Examples:

비행기를 도착할 때 엄마하고 전화할게요 - When my plane lands, I’ll call my mom

대학생[이였을] 때 돈이 없었잖아요 - When I was a uni student, I didn’t have money, as you know

한국 친구에게 한국말로 하기 시작했을 때 마이클은 깜짝 놀랐어요 - When I started speaking Korean to my Korean friend, Michael was surprised!

공부할 때 음악을 들어요 - When I study, I listen to music

시간이 있을 때 알려주세요 - Let me know when you have time

16살 때부터 한국어를 배웠어요 - I’ve been learning Korean since I was 16

이렇게 될 때까지 더 씻어야 해요 - You have to wash it more until it’s like this

한국에 갈 때 홍대하고 제주도 방문하고 싶어요 - When I go Korea, I want to visit Jeju and Hongdae

혜민 언니는 한국에 들어갔을 때 제가 너무 슬펐어요 - I was so sad when Hyemin when back to Korea

어렸을 때 그림을 그리기 시작했어요 - I started drawing when I was a kid

Hope this helps! If there’s any more confusion, please, don’t hesitate to send another message or ask! 

Happy Learning :) 

~ SK101

[haneulislearning]

I just finished the first volume of "Solo Leveling" or "나 혼자만 레벨업" (which literally translates to 'I level up on my own/alone') and I think the wording is simple enough to where I can challenge myself to get the Korean editions while abroad and read them on my own!

I don't normally read manga/webtoons because I like when I can sit down for a long time and read one book, making an "event" out of it lol. But the plot of this one peaked my interest and reminded me of another xiānxiá novel series I am reading, and it was honestly better than I thought it would be!

I tend to lean towards historical-fantasy and supernatural-fantasy novels or just straight up memoirs, so this is a little different than what I am used to. If anyone has any other recommendations please let me know!

- Haneul

드림 하늘

[haneulislearning]

Here's a potentially fun one:

[haneulislearning]

2024년 2월 4일 Journal Entry

Excuse the awful pictures, I tried to make them as aesthetic as I could ㅠㅠ

There is only a little over a week until I am in Korea and studying at my host university, and I am excited but such a nervous anxious wreck at the moment.

My friend and I have been sending instragram posts back and forth of cafes and other places we want to visit, and knowing we would never scroll back through our miles of DMs, I compiled a list of them to go along with my little practice of Korean for the week.

I've been sick these past few days, and have been left with a voice-changing sore throat and cough, so it has been a little hard to get the motivation to do anything even though the time is counting down until I have to go 💀

There is still so much to do before I leave and a lot I need to plan so I'm not gonna be surprised if disappear off the face of the planet again and forget I have this blog.

While it is only one entry, I've started working on my goal of doing small journal entries in Korean more often, and it provides a little more joy if I can decorate it and make it a little more cutesy along the way lol.

There's so much more I want to say but I don't really want this to be too long of a post so I'll leave it here :)

[haneulislearning]

2024년 한국어 목표; Korean Language Goals

With my study abroad date coming closer and closer (only 19 days away ㅇ.���), I figured it was time to share some of my language/Korean specific goals for the year!

These aren't all of the things I want to "accomplish" for the year, and some are long-term while others are short-term goals, but it felt better to have something physical to look at to remind me of what I am aiming to do this year and have my thoughts organized.

The hardest thing about this is reminding myself (Hi, if you don't know me, I fear academic failure and set high expectations for myself), that it will be okay if I do these things only partially or if something didn't quite meet my expectations that it is okay.

There are some things that I want to aim for as a personal milestone that I didn't list here in an attempt to NOT overwhelm myself to get it done.

(Like trying to read Harry Potter in Korean, because 1. I am NOT at that level yet, and that will take quite the time to go through and 2. I want to buy the book second hand because JK Rowling is a bitch and I don't know yet where I could thrift the book while in Korea. Mostly want to read it because it is a book that I read over and over again as a child so the concepts/ideas/plot is familiar, just not the nuanced vocabulary and grammar)

So I am viewing this less so as a list of things to do before the year ends, and more as a set of remiders, affirmations, and sources for me to review throughout the year as I am abroad and expanding my use and knowledge of Korean.

There is so much to say about my goals and views of langauge learning, but I don't want to make this my longest post ever, so maybe some other day I will share some of my more abstract goals in another post.

Anyways, enough rambling, here's what is listed in my journal:

Listen to Korean podcasts

Become comfrotable reading short stories + news articles

Journal more often in Korean

Annotate + break down THREE songs in Korean (*not in my journal, but the goal is to understand, memorize, and practice reading speed and listening with this)

Read + annotate one book in Korean

Try learning AT LEAST 10 new words a week (*I see this one either not lasting long or turning more into 10 words every OTHER week lol)

Review each month what you've learned (*just trying to go back and refresh myself on things that I learned recently but may not have had the chance to put into practical use often)

Other notes:

Use your resoruces! I have so many Korean books and websites/apps saved, and I will use them for about a week before I forget they exist, so this is my reminder to look at them a little more often!

If you know how to say it, say it! Don't hesitate! The amount of times my friends and I have decided to speak in Korean to each other only to say something in English and then quickly realize we 100% know how to say that in AT LEAST broken Korean :/. Or when my professor would ask us to share what we did this weekend in Korean and think that my sentence or phrase is wrong, only for someone else to say something similar and realize I actually knew how to say it. Better to try and maybe be wrong and get corrected than to not try at all and learn nothing.

Keep it simple, but try to build your sentences! Actually a reminder from my Korean professor lol! If you don't know how to say it, look it up of course, but you can't pull out your phone in every conversation you have! Sometimes it is easier to keep it simple and short and others it's great to build on and connect where you can. The whole point of my last class was to work on using connectors and conjuctions for our sentences to lengthen them, but it's not always possible. Some days it is just easier to say 네 or 아 그래요 and move on if you know what I mean.

Any progress is good! There have been multiple times this year where I have literally gone to Korean tutoring and forgotten every Korean word I know and beat myself up over the fact that I feel like I "failed". Simply put, I burn out too quickly sometimes and take the minor victories for granted. Celebrate anytime you can when it comes to remembering a small vocab word or how to order food in Korean!

Consistency is Key! Seems obvious, but one summer in between semesters I didn't study Korean for at least a month and wanted to cry when I tried to self study again before the new semester because that sense of failure was kicking in and I couldn't remember a lot of what I had been practicing. Even if it is just reviewing vocab, watching a youtube video in Korean, or even a K-drama, consistency is key when it comes to learning. It doesn't have to be a lot, just something.

Explore ways to learn, make it fun for you! I have only been learning Korean for almost 2 years now, and now that I am going abroad I'm realizing that I will be in much more different situations in terms of school and socializing, so how I experience Korean is going to be different for a little while. This is just a reminder to take advantage of fun opportunities and see where and when you can learn Korean.

You're probably doing better than you think you are. Don't stress. I feel like nothing needs to be said here, but if you look at where you started versus where you are now I am sure the distance is actually farther than it seems.

[haneulislearning]

korean slang [part 1]

문찐 - culture loser, someone who is not interested in or does not know much about pop culture, new trends.

short for 문화찐따 = 문화(culture) + 찐따 (loser).

사진빨 - being very photogenic.

from 사진발, from 사진 (寫眞, photo) + 발 (lines, streaks).

엔조이 - enjoyment, casual romantic relationship.

네덕 - selfish, immature, and conceited fan or poster.

short for 네이버 ("Naver", main South Korean search engine and platform) + 덕후 (otaku, fan), originally because such people were most common on Naver's general blogs, rather than on more specialized platforms.

수포자 - someone who has given up on studying math (in school).

contraction of 수학 포기자.

솔크 - Christmas without a romantic partner.

of 솔로 solo + Christmas. Christmas is considered a romantic holiday in South Korea.

읽씹 - leaving a text or message on read, and not reply.

안읽씹 - intentionally leaving a text or message on unread.

ㄴㅇㅎ - being incomprehensible.

마자마자 - truetrue, yesyes.

호구 - an overly naive and submissive person; pushover.

sino-korean word from 虎口, from 虎 (“tiger”) + 口 (“mouth”). The "pushover" sense derives from the game of Go sense, implying someone who would be submissive enough to be willing to place their stone in such a position.

현자타임/현타 - (vulgar) post-nut clarity or (non-vulgar) a moment when one realizes that what one is doing is actually pointless, reality check.

현자(賢者) +‎ 타임, calque of Japanese 賢者タイム (“post-nut clarity”).

a non-vulgar reanalysis of the above as an abbreviation of 현실(現實) 자각(自覺) 타임 (“reality perception moment”). the new interpretation retains a metaphoric extension of the original meaning, but in a non-sexual way. many Koreans are not aware of the original etymology, and the word has appeared in TV programs for general audiences.

스포당하다 - to accidentally read spoilers (of a film, video game).

눈팅 - only read articles or posts without leaving any comment; lurking.

[haneulislearning]

231107 Vocab

처참하다: miserable, wretched 몹시 무서워 떨릴 정도로 슬프고 끔찍하다. Sad and dreadful to such a degree that one trembles out of fear.

야비하다: mean, underhand, base 성질이나 행동이 천하고 교활하다. One's personality or behavior being vulgar and sly.

부지불식간에: unconsciously, unwittingly, unknowingly, unawares 생각하지도 못하고 알지도 못하는 사이. An instant when one is neither conscious nor aware of something.

소탐대실 (小貪大失): Incurring a great loss by pursuing a small profit. 작은 것을 탐하다가 큰 것을 잃음. suffer a big loss in going after a small gain.

연막작전 (煙幕作戰): smoke operation 어떤 사실을 숨기기 위하여 교묘하고 능청스러운 말이나 수단 따위를 써서 상대편이 갈피를 못 잡게 하는 일을 비유적으로 이르는 말.

유구무언 (有口無言): no excuse to offer 변명할 말이 없음. The state of having nothing to say as an excuse.

좌우하다: determine 어떤 일에 영향을 주어 지배하다. To influence and dominate something.

각계각층 (各界各層): diverse fields and classes 사회의 여러 분야와 계층. Various fields and classes in a society.

일맥상통 (一脈相通): having something in common, being in line with, being in the same vein 생각, 상태, 성질 등이 서로 통하거나 비슷해짐. A state in which one shares a certain thought, condition, quality, etc. with another.

[haneulislearning]

Semester in SK: Korean Curse Words

안녕하세요 여러분! I’m sharing yet another Instagram post with you all–this one is about a bunch of Korean curse words! Very silly, I know, but curse words are a big part of any language and can be fun to learn about! Of course, be careful when using these and please do not use them often–I’m just sharing them for fun and so you can recognize them if you hear them :) I hope you enjoy! 화이팅!

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[haneulislearning]

korean vocab: school subjects

과목 - subject

필수 과목 - required subject

선택 과목 - elective subject

시간표 - timetable

수학 - math

화학 - chemistry

역사학 - history

어학 - language studies

물리학 - physics

체육학 - physical education

생물학 - biology

심리학 - psychology

언어학 - linguistics

종교학 - religious studies

[haneulislearning]

231008 Vocabs

감회: reminiscence 마음속에 일어나는 지난 일에 대한 생각이나 느낌. Thoughts or feelings on the past.

소수: minority 적은 수. A small number.

어엿하다: respectable, decent 태도가 아주 번듯하고 당당하다. Decent and dignified in one's attitude.

태교하다: give prenatal education 아이를 가진 여자가 태아에게 좋은 영향을 주기 위해 마음을 바르게 하고 말을 조심하다. For a pregnant woman to think of good things and watch her language, to give good influence

우여곡절 (迂餘曲折): complications; ups and downs 복잡하고 어려운 사정. Circumstances which are complicated, not smooth.

진부하다: old-fashioned, typical 낡아서 새롭지 못하다. Old and unoriginal.

고사하다 (固辭하다): refuse 권유나 요청을 굳이 거절하다. To decline someone's suggestion or request.

짓궂다: provoking, perverse, nasty 장난스럽게 남을 괴롭히고 귀찮게 굴어 미운 느낌이 있다. Someone or something being annoying because he/she or it bothers or harasses one in a wicked or playful manner.

이유식: weaning food, baby food 젖을 떼는 시기의 아이에게 먹이기 위해 부드럽게 만든 음식. Soft food made to feed a baby in the weaning process.

올곧다: upright, square, right-minded 마음이나 정신, 행동 등이 바르고 곧다. One's mind, behavior, etc., being right and honest.

개선: improvement 부족한 점, 잘못된 점, 나쁜 점 등을 고쳐서 더 좋아지게 함. The act of reforming shortcomings, wrong or bad sides to character and making them better.

작심삼일 (作心三日): short-lived plan, short-lived resolution 단단히 먹은 마음이 사흘을 못 간다는 뜻으로, 결심이 강하고 단단하지 못함. A word meaning that one cannot keep one's resolution longer than three days, namely that one's resolution is not strong and firm.

동기 부여 (動機附與): motivation 자극을 주어 생활체로 하여금 행동을 하게 만드는 일. the act of stimulating a living body into action.

윽박지르다: bully, browbeat 심하게 마구 눌러 기를 꺾다. To suppress severely and dampen the spirits of others.

백해무익 (百害無益): doing more harm than good/good for nothing 나쁘기만 하고 도움되는 것이 전혀 없음. A state in which something is solely bad without doing any good.

돌파: vanquishment, conquest 어려움이나 위기를 극복함. The act of overcoming a difficulty or crisis.

돌파: breakthrough 정해진 목표나 이전의 기록을 넘어섬. The act of surpassing a set goal or previous record.

박진감: excitement 힘차고 빠르게 전개되어 생동감이 있는 느낌. A feeling of being lively due to the energetic and quick development of something.

적재적소 (適材適所): right job, right work 알맞은 인재를 알맞은 자리에 씀. 또는 그런 자리. The act of using the right person for the right position, or such a position.

[haneulislearning]

10월 / October

Had a lovely 추석 and am enjoying this extra long holiday weekend~ Let's see what's happening this month!

1일 - 국군의날 / Armed Forces Day: This was actually celebrated on 9.26 this year (maybe because of Chuseok?) and they had a huge military parade in the middle of Seoul for the first time in years.

2일 - 임시공휴일 / Temporary Public Holiday: This Monday just happened to fall between the Chuseok holiday and National Foundation Day (both red days), so the president declared it a holiday as well this year! Supposedly it was part of a plan to "boost spending" but personally, I spend most holidays cozy at home, not out helping the economy...

3일 - 개천절 / National Foundation Day: This is a public holiday celebrating the founding of 고조선 (Gojoseon) & the Korean people. If you know the legend of 환웅 & 단군, this is the day that 환웅 came down from heaven~

8일 - 한로 / Hallo: One of the 24 seasonal divisions; the day when cold dew begins to fall

9일 - 한글날 / Hangul Day: Yes, a day to celebrate the Korean writing system! It's even a public holiday!

24일 - 상강 / Sanggang: One of the 24 seasonal divisions; this is said to be when the first frost falls

[haneulislearning]

vocabs i learned from 알쓸별잡 ep. 7

허물다: remove, get rid of, abolish 사회적으로 이미 주어져 있는 규율이나 관습 등을 없어지게 하다. To make a given rule or custom in a society disappear.

허물다: pull down, throw away, eliminate 심리적으로 이미 주어져 있는 생각이나 믿음 등을 없애다. To get rid of a given thought or belief.

화석: fossil (비유적으로) 변화하거나 발전하지 않고 어떤 상태에서 돌처럼 굳어 버린 것. (figurative) A state of remaining firm in a certain state like a stone without showing any change or progress.

혼잡하다: chaotic, crowded, jammed 여러 가지가 한데 뒤섞여 어지럽고 복잡하다. Many things being mixed up to make a person feel chaotic and complicated.

획일화: uniformity, standardization 모두가 하나와 같아서 다름이 없게 됨. 또는 모두가 하나와 같아서 다름이 없게 함. For everything to become identical without any differences; or to make everything look identical without any differences.

공급하다: supply, provide 요구나 필요에 따라 물건이나 돈 등을 제공하다. To provide things or money in response to demands or needs.

부양하다: support 수입이 없어서 혼자 생활하기 어려운 사람을 돌보다. To take care of someone who cannot live on his/her own because he/she has no income.

기발하다: ingenious, original, novel 놀라울 정도로 재치가 있고 뛰어나다. Witty and surprisingly brilliant.

되새기다 ruminate; meditate 지난 일을 다시 떠올려 곰곰이 생각하다. To recall something past to one's mind and think it over.

못지않다: not inferior, as good as, almost equal 다른 것과 비교했을 때 뒤떨어지거나 못하지 않다. Not falling behind or being inferior when compared with other things.

삭막하다: dreary, bleak 쓸쓸하고 황폐하다. Solitary and desolate.

조율하다: compromise (비유적으로) 여러 입장의 차이에서 생긴 문제를 해결하기 위하여 정도를 조절하다. (figurative) To adjust the degree to resolve an issue arising from differences in position.

담보하다 어떠한 일이 잘못될 때 그 잘못을 대신하기 위해 무엇인가를 내놓다. To present something to make up for a situation in which something has gone wrong.

처연하다: sad, sorrowful 쓸쓸하고 구슬프다. Lonely and mournful.

거론하다: mention, bring up 어떤 것을 이야기의 주제나 문제로 삼아 논의하다. To bring up or mention something as a subject of discussion or an object of criticism.

탁월하다: excellent, distinguished 남보다 훨씬 뛰어나다. Far superior to others.

순전히: genuinely 순수하고 완전하게. Purely and absolutely.

절묘하다: be marvelous, be great 비교할 데가 없을 만큼 아주 놀랍고 신기하다. To be incomparably surprising and amazing.

불길하다: ominous, inauspicious 운이 좋지 않고 나쁜 일이 생길 것 같은 느낌이 있다. Having a feeling that one will be unlucky and something bad will happen.

징조: omen, sign 어떤 일이 일어날 것 같은 분위기나 느낌. A vibe or feeling that makes one think something may happen.

터무니없다: absurd, groundless 황당하고 믿음성이 없어 전혀 근거가 없다. Something having no foundation, as it is ridiculous and lacks credibility.

타파하다: break down, destroy, overthrow 좋지 않은 관습이나 제도를 깨뜨려 버리다. To break and dump bad customs or a bad system.

실마리: clue, lead 일이나 사건을 해결해 나갈 수 있는 시작이 되는 부분. Something with which one starts to resolve a case or problem.

의기소침하다: depressed 자신감이 줄어들고 기운이 없어진 상태이다. Being in the state in which one has lost one's confidence and energy.

지독하다: tenacious, persistent 의지나 마음이 매우 크고 강하다. Having a strong will.

초고: draft 처음 쓴 글. The preliminary version of writing.

[haneulislearning]

I am never going to complain about Greek Duolingo again

I mean, I am. But still.

So, as some of you know, my family has been coming to this tiny Greek seaside village for several years. Just over a week ago I came out here with my mum, under the impression that early September, after the height of the summer heat, would be a good time to have a holiday. ANYWAY Storm Daniel had other ideas about that. Locally things are improving (I'm actually really pissed off about the disaster-porn tone of most English-language media coverage, but that's another post). The power is back on, there's running water most of the time, and though the latter is not drinkable, a truck from the government came and handled out free bottled water yesterday. But we are currently kind of stuck. Can't do tourist things. Can't go home. There aren't any local flights out until Saturday and the road to Thessaloniki is still closed.

So this evening, feeling kind of aimless and depressed, I go down to the nearest beach with a couple of binbags and start cleaning up in an effort to at least do something positive. I always try to do this at least once out here and obviously, after the storm, there's a lot more plastic and rubbish than usual.

At some point I find this large, round bit of metal - some kind of machinery part, I think -- that's too big for the bag, so I take it to the bins on its own, leaving the rubbish bag on the beach. And when I come back for it, something among the stones beside it moves.

Specifically, it pulls its head sharply inside its shell

So, meanwhile I've been trying to learn some Greek with the help of Duolingo.

I currently have a 33-day streak and... I have questions. Shouldn't I be able to use the past or future tenses by now? Shouldn't I be able to say "x is like y"? I can't do those things. But one thing I absolutely can say all day long is έχω μια χελώνα : I have a turtle.

This is far from the limit of Duolingo Greek's turtle-related content. "An obsession with turtles" is my mother's characterisation. I can inform you that the turtle is not a bird, and, improbably, that the turtle is drinking milk. I can introduce you to a turtle in company with a horse and an elephant. As far as Duolingo is concerned, it really is turtles all the way down.

Now this, you may be able to see, is not a turtle. It has claws rather than flippers. It is a tortoise. I know there are wild tortoises in Greece: my aunt once rescued a pair of them shagging in the middle of the road -- but that was up in the mountains. I've even seen one myself, but it was also on a road and very dead.

I am 95% certain they don't belong on beaches. There's nothing for it to eat, except, unfortunately, a lot of plastic. Even if it gets off the beach it will immediately find itself on a road where it could get hit by a car. I'm pretty sure it must have been washed down by the floodwater and has been just sitting there, dazed, ever since.

Now obviously the first thing I want to do on encountering this unusual animal is to go and tell my mummy, so I do. The tortoise immediately brightens her day. She agrees that the tortoise is not happy on the beach and needs to be taken somewhere safe. it gets surprisingly wriggly when picked up so we put it in a carrier bag with some grapes and cucumber and go looking for somewhere to rehome it.

We find a path leading up between the houses towards a likely-looking field, but before we get very far a dog in a yard goes berserk and a man's head pops over a fence and demands to know what we're doing. He does this in English, as evidently we're just that obviously tourists.

"I found a tortoise on the beach!" I explain. "We want to find somewhere to put it."

"A what," he asks.

"It's like a, you know," I begin and then to my astonishment I find myself saying... "μια χελώνα"

"Oh! A turtle!" he says.

"But from the land. δεν είναι χελώνα", [it is not a turtle,] I say, as I am worried he will tell me to put it back near the sea where I found it. As it turns out it actually IS a χελώνα, Greek does not distinguish between turtles and tortoises, but I don't know that; I can't even name the days of the week or identify any colours other than pink yet, give me a break.

The man's entire demeanour changes and thaws. He does not worry about my turtle-that-is-not-a-turtle conundrum. He knows where οι χελώνες come from and where η χελώνα μας belongs. He leads us through a gate into a courtyard area.

"[somethingsomething] μια χελώνα," he explains to the assembled onlookers, of whom there are, suddenly, a surprising number.

"ΜΙΑ ΧΕΛΩΝΑ!!!" crows the throng of delighted small children, who are, suddenly, everywhere.

"μια χελώνα!" I agree, accepting that at least for current purposes, that is what it is.

"Μπορούμε να δούμε τη χελώνα σας; [can we see your turtle?]" asks an adorable little girl, shyly, and I understand??

The children fucking love looking at the χελώνα and showing it to them is kind of magical?

I finally put the tortoise down on the grass of this wild area off to the side of the courtyard, and marvel aloud that it is weird that I barely know any Greek except how to say μια χελώνα.

"I think she will soon run off," a kind lady called Aspasia assures me, seeing I remain slightly anxious about its fate. "I don't know why I'm saying 'she'. I suppose because χελώνα is feminine in Greek."

"Yes! I know that!" I exclaim, thrilled.

"Well done!" she says. And also she asks if we are OK for drinking water after the storm and if we need any help with anything and is just generally incredibly lovely and now we know more of the neighbours!

So "μια χελώνα" has just become, by a long way, my most-used and most understood and all-around most conversationally successful phrase in Greek. So I guess I have to admit I was wrong to doubt Duolingo's wisdom: it is correct to be obsessed with turtles. And I concede that prior to learning how to count to ten or to distinguish right from left, the simple ability to yell the word TURTLE over and over again is, it turns out, a crucial element of the responsible traveller's social skills.

(I am pretty fluent in Italian and turtles haven't come up in conversation even once?)

[haneulislearning]

Little Habits I Have Picked Up While Learning Korean

Some of these are strange and slightly unhinged, and more inside jokes between my friends and I since we are all in the same Korean program, but I just wanted to know if anyone else does the same:

Sometimes when writing I will start writing in Korean obviously, but I will randomly switch to English in the middle. Not even like the translation of the word, it will be like "언제n-" and I will write one letter in English and immediately catch myself. Idk why I do this, but it happens like every other day, and I've never used romanization before so idk where or why this started????

I will say something in English and then pause for a really long time and go "하지만-" and continue whatever I was saying in English.

When we learn loan words we often come up with our own "Korean equivalent" to them, because we think "elevator" just being "엘레베이터" is boring, so we call it "위아래방"

We are never silent. Everything needs a reaction. If someone doesn't go "아이고," "아~~~~," "그-," or make a hissing sound, they're not having a good day.

Word association of when someone is speaking in English, one of us immediately translates a word we know into Korean. "I went to the cafeteria-" "ahhh the 학교 식당"

Speaking Korean in a horrible American accent. Or any accent for that matter. Typing it out doesn't do it justice.

Integrate a single Korean word into our sentences or adding English conjugation to verbs. Some fave quotes of mine: "WE ARE AT 회사. WE DO 회사 THINGS." or "I was 춤 춰ing it up man." or the classic "We are gonna need a 쓰레기장 for all these 인간 쓰레기."

[haneulislearning]

Korean Idioms That Are Too Relatable

말은 쉽다

Literal translation:  Words are easy.

Actual usage: Easier said than done.

Rather than being taken literally as “words are easy” think of this Korean expression as having the same meaning as the English “easier said than done.” 

If a task is easier to talk about than to do, then the words to speak are formed much easier than the action of accomplishing the task.

Dialogue Example:

A: 살 빼는게 뭐가 어려워. 

B: 해봤어? 난 힘들던데.

A: 그냥 매일 운동만 하면 돼

 B: 그래.. 말은 쉽지 

A: Losing weight is not difficult at all.

B: Have you tried doing it? It is really hard for me.

A: You just have to exercise every day.

B: Yeah… It is easier said than done.

잘난 척하다

Literal translation: to pretend to have been born and brought up well

Actual usage: to brag

This Korean idiom is used to brag about anything and everything: yourself, your skills, your parents, siblings, money, etc.

Since no one likes someone who brags or shows off a lot, if someone says “잘난 척하다” to you, it’s never a good thing.

Dialogue Example:

A: 헐! 대박!

B: 왜 왜? 좋은 일 있어?

A: 한국어 시험에서 최고점을 받았어

B:와~ 진짜 대박이다

A: 뭐 이미 예상은 했지! 

B: 잘난 척 하긴! 

A: Wohoo! I’m amazed.

B: Why? Something good happened?

A: I got the highest mark in my Korean test.

B: Wow! That is amazing!

A: I’ve already expected it!

B: You’re bragging again!

병주고 약주다

Literal translation: to give disease and then give medicine.

Actual usage: to say something hurtful to someone and then to say something nice to cover it up.

Saying something without thinking almost always causes a problem, whether it is making something worse or hurting someone’s feelings. Often times, people try to fix the problem or cover up the damage. 

This Korean idiom can also be used if a person says something hurtful, then quickly tries to come up with something to cover up his/her thoughtlessness; however, it is already too late. 

Dialogue Example:

A: 파마했어?

B: 어, 어때? 좋아?

A: 난 생머리가 더 잘 어울리는 거 같아. 어, 근데, 옷도 샀어? 그건 잘 어울리네.

B: 됐어, 병주고 약주냐? 

A: Did you curl your hair?

B: Yeah. How does it look like? Do you like it?

A: I think you looked prettier with straight hair. Did you buy new clothes too? It suits you well.

 B: Forget it. Are you trying to comfort me after you hurt my feelings?

놀고 있다

Literal translation: to be playing, to be hanging out.

Actual usage: to be not working at the moment; what you’re doing or saying is pathetic.

놀고 있다 can be used in two different ways: neutral and negative. In a neutral context, it is used to express that someone is doing the opposite of working, such as “playing around”, “fooling around”, “not working” “not focusing on what he/she has to do” or is “jobless”.

For a negative context, it is used when you are making fun of or laughing at someone for trying too hard to accomplish something, or the way they are going about is meaningless and childish.

Dialogue Example:

A: 뭐해? 

B: 내일 수학시험때문에 공부하고 있지

A: 그런데 TV는 왜 켰어? 

B: 그냥 심심해서. 공부하면서 보려고. 

A: 놀고 있네~ 하나만 제대로 하세요

A: What are you doing?

B: I am studying for my Math test tomorrow.

A: Why is the TV on then?

B: I was just bored. I am studying while watching TV.

A: Get out of here. Focus on one thing!