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DIFFERENT AREAS OF CIVIL LAW

Civil law deals with the system of law, which is connected with private relations between community members. In this article, we have discussed about different areas of Civil Law.

Branches of civil law

Some common civil laws are as follows.

Art and cultural law

Art and culture is the form of law, which includes domestic, foreign law that controls and applies to art, artists, and culture.

Civil rights law

Civil rights law applies to everyone in the society. Civil right protects people from any discrimination.

Civil rights law of U.S. includes

·         Age discrimination

·         Discrimination with disability

·         Discrimination in wage

·         Discrimination in education

·         Discrimination in voting rights

Commercial law

Commercial law includes merchandising, trade and sales, accident insurance, exchange of bills. Commercial law also includes corporate and manufacturingcode.

Environmental law

Environmental law focuses on natural resources. Forests, rivers,minerals.Environmental law protects all issues involving the environment.

Property law

Property law deals with ownership of personal and real property.

There are two kind of property:

·         Movable Property: Movable property is personal property.

·         Immovable Property: Immovable property is real property.

Categories of property

·         Agricultural

·         Commercial

·         Motor

·         Personal belongings

·         Houses

Tort law

Tort law is the legal area where the law deals with criminal damages, and provide safety from the wrongdoing acts of others.

Tort law includes loss of income, medical expenses, punishing the plaintiff.

Tort law includes three categories

·         Negligent: Damages that are the result of failure are negligent. Accidents are tort law.

·         Intentional tort:Assault, fraud, theft are intentional tort.

·         Fixed liability: Fixed liability focuses on the act. Be it intentional or unintentional, or the capability of the person who harmed must take the responsibility.

Battery is also under both criminal and tort law. But in the case of tort law, monetary remedy is given to the plaintiff.

Contract law

·         Contract law is the legal agreement between parties.

·         Contract law includesmoney, exchange of goods, supplying needs.

·         Breach of law is a punishable crime.

Labor law

The rights of employees,the relationship between trade unions, are part of labor law.

Elements of labor law

·         Health

·         Employment relationship

·         Employment

·         Work’s condition

·         Trade union

·         Special provisions

·         Safety of labors

·         Wage

·         Security

Family law

Family law is a branch of civil law. It deals with any issue involving families.

Family law includes

·         Marriage

·         Prenuptial

·         Adoption

Any violence that comes from family are

·         Alimony

·         Child custody

·         Parental support

·         Spousal support

Conclusion

Civil law is the arrangement of legal rules which protects private rights. Civil law is fundamental as it solves the issues of the public and ensures safety, which is needed.

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CANADIAN LAW VS AMERICAN LAW

Each and every country of the world has its own laws, which control the administration of the country. Canada and America also have their own rules and regulations. Those laws are very important, and each citizen bound to obtain those rules. In this article, we have tried to discuss Canadian and American Laws in brief.

Canadian Law

Canada is a country which was founded by England. Canadian laws are clear transparent, and fair. Some laws and rules are like; Canadian people are given free health care. Canada has “CHARTER OF RIGHTS AND FREEDOMS.“

American Law

American laws are based on a cultural arrangement that resolves disputes through the local procedure. In English law, disagreements or conflicts between two different parties are handled on step by step.

Legal System of Canada

·         Canada has only one criminal code across the country.

·         In Canada, there is no death penalty.

·         Canadian government appoints the judges.

·         Everyone in Canada can use either English or French as these two languages are Canada’s official languages.

·         People of Canada cannot decline any question when testifying in court.

·         Police might stop people if they put liquor in the front seat.

Legal System of America

·         The powers of the president are limited.

·         Only Congress can declare war, although they roughly do so.

·         The Supreme Court is not a “non-political “frame.

·         The civil government spends most of its money on social insurance, medical care, and military welfare.

There are Two Main Law in Canada

Common-Law: Common law is also known as judicial law. All provinces and territories follow common law in Canada.

Only the Supreme Court has the power to rule all courts with a single ruling. Contempt of the court is the only offense of common law that is remaining in Canada.

Civil Law: Civil law is also known by judge-made law.

Areas of Civil Law

Tort law: Tort law is involved with personal injury and wrongdoing. Tort law includes:

·         Negligence

·         Liability

·         Intentional crime

Property Law: Property law is involved with personal property and real property.

Family Law: Family law deals with marriage, divorce, custody, annulment, adoption, birth, Etc.

Contract Law: It deals with agreements that were made between people.

There are Five Main Law in America

Constitutional Law: Constitutional law deals with the basic principle.

Statutory Law: Statutory laws are written law that are often codified.

Treaty Law: Treaty law has confined meaning under the constitutional law. Treaties law is an international law.

Administrative Law: Administrative law regulates social security and benefits to the people.

Common-Law: Common law is an unwritten form of legal authority. It has impacts on the decision-making process for uncommon cases, and the outcome is not determined based on any previous case or written legal rules.

Conclusion

To sum up, we can understand that, Laws, rules, and regulations in Canada and America play a vital role in keeping theright balance in social life as well as political era.

Moreover, every citizen obey the rules and laws to lead a peaceful and hassle-free life. Therefore, they are one of the most habitable countries in the world.

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Criminal Defense Lawyer Skills Needed

Criminal lawyer, also known as a criminal defense lawyer. Lawyers defend the rights of all sort of criminals from murder to drug dealers. Criminal defense lawyer plays an important role to win cases for their clients. It is the criminal defense lawyer's responsibilities, qualities, and skills ensure that fills that role in the fair trial.  

Criminal Defense Lawyer Skills

Criminal defense lawyers should have possess a variety of additional skills to succeed in their works. What types of skills criminal defense lawyer need is describing below.

Writing and speaking skills

A criminal defense lawyer must have excellent speaking and written advocacy skills. To argue a client's case before a judge and convince a jury or judge.

Research skills

Criminal defense lawyer must be able to conduct research. Research skills significant in building a client's case and establishing a strong defense.

Integrity

Criminal defense lawyers must have a high level of integrity. They must be honest with their clients. They keep their clients informed of the progress of his case and the outcome of the proceedings.

Analytical skills

Criminal defense lawyer should have a sharp mind and capable of making quick judgments. They develop a legal strategy, analyze case law and action on complex cases. Negotiating a settlement, challenging the prosecution arguments to judge.

Legal knowledge

In-depth comprehension of state, government, and nearby runs, evidentiary laws, and local juries to explore the criminal equity system efficiently and skillful.

Communications skills

A criminal defense lawyer is a skilled communicator. They are an excellent speaker and uses his ability in and out of the courtroom. Their writing skills are one of the highest caliber, which demonstrates in his ability to write briefs and other documents.

Interpersonal skills

To create a productive client-lawyer relationship is necessary to build interpersonal skills. The ability to attract and retain clients essential to a thriving criminal defense practice.

Critical thinking

A criminal defense lawyer has to be a critical thinker. They must use logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternative solutions, approaches to problems.

Decision Making

Regarding the relative costs and advantages of possible activities to pick the most fitting one for the criminal defendants.

Negotiating Skills

Negotiating skills is one of the essential skills. Lawyers must know the skills. The overwhelming number of legal cases settled out of court. Defense and prosecutors negotiate agreements and take them to the judge for approval. Criminal defense lawyer must able to make the best possible deal of their client.

Time Management skills

Time management is essential to a criminal defense lawyer. They need to manage one's own time and the time of their clients to process the client's case.

Caring skills

Criminal defense lawyers should care about their client and the client's family. They also care about consequences of verdict.

Courtroom attitude

The proceedings in a courtroom are formal and proscribed. Criminal defense lawyer working with the legal system by theatrical when appropriate. They must not be intimidated by the judge or the prosecutors.

Understands ability

Criminal defense lawyers are on good terms with the police. They know what they do and what to do with the police. They know how to extract information from the police. Their knowledge helps better understand the evidence against his client.