Itâs Not Working: Character Troubleshooting
Welcome to Itâs Not Working, a troubleshooting series that Iâm uniquely qualified to run because I write things that donât work all the time. This week, we study characters-why they donât work, how to know, and what to do about it.Â
Question time
Think of a character thatâs been giving you some difficulty, and answer these questions:
Are you unsure of their motivations, both scene by scene and in the whole plot?
Do they start and end with the same motivations, perspectives, personality, and outlook?
Does it feel like their lines couldâve been spoken by any other character?
Do you have trouble describing their personality, even to yourself?Â
If you answered yes to these questions, you may have an underdeveloped character.Â
Do they tend to act differently scene to scene?
Do you not know what to do with them in scenes?
Do they not have a part to play in the plot?
If you answered yes to these, you may have an unmotivated character.Â
Did you answer no to all of the above questions, but beta readers and critique partners are disagreeing?Â
Readers canât understand their personality, motivations, or effect on the plot?
Then you may have an misrepresented character.
Why donât they work?
Underdeveloped character: Weâve all heard of them before. They come off as bland. Thereâs no significant development or change to them throughout the story. Characters are your readersâ foothold into the story. If they feel like empty bottles, its going to be a lot harder for people to become invested in the plot.Â
Unmotivated characters lack one thing: yes, it is motivation. Itâs the ultimate reason for your characters to do anything. Why do they feel like they have to save the city? Why do they get upset at that one joke? Without proper and consistent motivation, your readers are gonna get whiplash trying to figure out all the whyâs of the characterâs actions. And if theyâre too busy worrying about that, then theyâre gonna lose interest in the plot and the book as a whole.Â
Misrepresented characters are fully formed, at least to the author. They know everything about them, from their MBTI to the color of their second favorite rain boots. The writer has charts of how their motivations shift throughout the story, diagrams of their highs and lows, but for some reason, when readers get their hands on it, they give feed back like âflatâ, âboringâ, âgenericâ. Something needs to bridge that gap between the writers knowledge and whatâs on the page.Â
The Fixes
Underdeveloped characters:
Find character questionnaires, follow character prompt blogs, take personality tests as your character. Really explore who they are as a person.Â
Make a chart of where they start and where they end. What happens in the plot that can significantly change them and the way they think?Â
Write scenes from their first person voice. Yes, even if you write in third. Write it like diary entry, write it obnoxiously first person, so first person even first person writers would cringe. Every spelling mistake youâd think theyâd make, all the tangents, everything. Get a feel for the way they sound and think.
What makes them unique? What makes them so interesting that you would rather write them than a whole different character? Let this shine through.Â
Consider cutting them or combining them with another character if they really arenât doing anything for your plot. I know, it hurts. You can always save pieces of them to use in another project, but sometimes itâs for the greater good.
Unmotivated characters:Â
Answer the questions: Why are they my main character, and why are they taking part in this plot? If you canât answer those, then you either have the wrong main character, or the wrong plot.Â
Fill in this triangle and refer to them whenever youâre unsure of how they should react to something:Â
Write an elaborate backstory for the character. Why do they come off as stoic all the time, except when they shriek around antique dolls? Thereâs a story there. You donât necessarily have to write it in the text, but the more you know about your character, the more credible these choices will feel to the reader.
Have inconsistencies addressed in the story. If they say that they donât care about anyone on the team, and then run into a burning building to save them, it should be noted. Not necessarily flat out said, but noted.
Tone down big reactions. The wailing, screeching, jumping for joy. Some characters might do some of these things. Some might do some of them sometimes. But one character will very rarely bounce around the peak of every emotion all the time. If you do write that character, it needs to happen very intentionally.Â
Misrepresented character
Take a good look at the characterâs introduction. Are you telling instead of showing? Is the reader distracted by larger plot things during their first scene? Do they have chances to prove their personality traits to the reader through actions or dialogue?Â
Can you hear them? Do they have a specific voice? Mannerisms? Quirks you can show the reader?Â
Are you leaving too much in subtext? I love assuming my readers will be scouring my books for clues and subtleties one day. But for major character traits, itâs better to be upfront about it. No one can assume your characters backstory out of thin air. Sometimes you have to be upfront about their motivations
Have you given an accurate, and somehow not boring, character description? If this is where youâre stuck, I understand, Iâve been there. But think of it as a chance not to list off eye color and hair length, but as a chance for each element to tell the reader something about the character. A âsevereâ haircut gives us a different tone than âsoft curlsâ. âEnough dirt in their nail beds to give an archaeologist chillsâ give us one impression, âa smile that knows how high her cheekbones areâ gives us another. Play with it. Have fun.Â
Are you using them in each scene theyâre in? Not only as an effect on the plot, but also using the scene to showcase who they are. It should be a symbiotic relationship, scenes and characters.Â
Some last few pieces of advice:
Donât kill off a character or make them leave for the rest of the book because you donât know what to do with them. If they stop having a purpose after a certain point, consider combining that purpose with a character that sticks around.Â
Donât kill off a character just because you think you have to
Thereâs no such thing as âneedingâ a love interest. If you have a character that is exclusively there as a love interest, theyâre probably gonna come off as flat (unless itâs a straight up romance novel, in which case, have a blast).Â
Donât feel like you need certain tropes. âFunny best friendâ. âSchool bullyâ. âEvil dictatorâ. Donât put them in unless they actually have something to do with the plot of your book.Â
We could take about characters for weeks. Months. Years. But hopefully this not so brief overview gave you some ways to rethink any problem characters you might have.Â
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In our Pathfinder game, our rogue had been away for almost a yearâs worth of sessions. Sheâs a no nonsense street tough who specced heavily into Bluff and Disguise. One of the players who joined since sheâs been gone is a dwarf cleric who is devoted to his homebrew deity, a goat man named Gunther, The following conversation took place shortly after the two met and learned about their new mission.
Rogue: Ok, so I guess weâre off to find the mayor?
Cleric: Yes, but firstâŚhave you heard the good news about Gunther?
Rogue(not wanted to be proselytized to): UhâŚyes. Iâm a follower of Gunther, in fact. Anyways, I think the Mayorâs place is this wayâŚ
DM: Roll Bluff against everyone elseâs Sense Motive.
Rogue: *Succeeds phenomenally.*
DM: Ok, you all believe her.
Cleric: What really? Where did you even hear about Gunther?
Rogue (without missing a beat): Oh you know. He came to me in a dream, told me Iâm the chosen one, that whole deal. Listen, we really need to get going-
DM: Roll Bluff.
Rogue: *Succeeds again.*
The group loses it. The cleric now gloms onto the Rogue because he sees her as the infallible voice of his extremely personal deity.
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