In modern society, menstruation can often be frustrating for the individuals who experience it. I have included theories postulated by various researchers explaining the reason for the occurrence of menstruation. (I also attempted to organize it in a way that the text can be read from top to bottom.)
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Last Seen Tumblr Blogs
Fun Fact
Users from the US are the majority of Tumblr visitors.
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Margaret “Margie” Profet, an American evolutionary biologist
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Profet’s Adaptive Hypothesis on Menstruation
It evolved as a way to get rid of pathogens introduced by sperm during sex
The increased frequency of sexual activity caused an increased amount of menstrual blood.
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Bacteria that is potentially harmful bacteria can catch a ride into the womb and fallopian tubes by attaching to sperm. The microbes can come from the male’s sperm or get picked up in the vagina during sex.
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Menstruation occurs in other mammals!
It just may not occur in the same way.
There are 2 types of menstruation:
OVERT: the uterine lining is shed and expelled.
COVERT: reabsorption of the old womb-lining rather than bleeding it out
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youtube
Lionesses also have menstrual cycles and can, in fact, synchronize them!
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Conversation
in a nutshell
Profet: Sperm is the vector of disease!
Strassman: Pathogen load before and after menstruation are the same...
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Beverly I. Strassman, University of Michigan Professor of Anthropology
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Strassman’s Hypothesis
Contrary to popular belief, it is more energetically expensive to maintain the endometrium instead of tearing it down and rebuilding it on a monthly basis.
Potential for infection is greater during menses because blood is an ideal environment for bacterial proliferation.
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Studying Menstruation in Dogon, Mali
In the Dogon culture, menstruating women sleep in special huts while they are menstruating. Over a period of 2 years, Strassman collected the urine samples from 93 women for 2.5 month intervals to check for metabolites of estrogen and progesterone.
She found that women between the ages of 20 and 35 spend most of their time pregnant or experiencing lactational amenorrhea, the suppression of cycling due to nursing. She estimates that the average Dogon woman has less than 1/3 the number for a typical modern urban women, roughly 100 menstrual cycles during a lifetime.
Her findings show that women may not be designed by natural selection to tolerate long periods of continuous cycling.
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Wenda R. Trevathan, Regents Professor Emerita of Anthropology
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Quotes by Trevathan
On page 50 of her book, Ancient Bodies, Modern Lives: How Evolution Has Shaped Women’s Health:
“Menstruation in humans co-evolved as a by-product of the complex reproductive system humans have and its existence does not really need explaining.”
“Menstruation is rare among mammals.”
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Dr. BĂ©la Shick, a Hungarian-born American pediatrician
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“MENATOXIN”
a term coined by Shick in 1920 with the belief that women excreted toxic substances from their skin that caused flowers to wilt
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What else can “menotoxins” do?
stopped the growth of yeast and prevented dough from rising
postulated that the menotoxins might seep into a menstruating woman’s sweat
toxins from menstruating women could wither plants and spoil beer, wine and pickles
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Kathryn B. H. Clancy, an American biological anthropologist
She has her own Period Podcast!
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