chemical-compounds-en-blog

[chemical-compounds-en-blog]

Lithium cyanide

Lithium cyanide Identifiers CAS Number 2408-36-8 ChemSpider 68007 Jmol 3D model Interactive image PubChem 754-78 UN number 1935 SMILES Properties Chemical formula LiCN Molar mass 32.959 g/mol Appearance White Powder Density 1.073 g/cm3 (18 °C) Melting point 160 °C (320 °F; 433 K) Dark colored Boiling point N/A Solubility in water Soluble Henry's law constant (kH) N/A Structure Crystal structure - Coordination geometry Fourfold Hazards Safety data sheet 742899 EU classification (DSD) T+, Very Toxic N, Dangerous for the environment R-phrases 26/27/28-32-50/53 S-phrases 7-28-29-45-60-61 NFPA 704 0 4 Flash point 57 °C (135 °F; 330 K) Autoignition temperature N/A Related compounds Related compounds Sodium cyanide, Potassium cyanide, Hydrogen Cyanide Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references Lithium cyanide is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula LiCN. It is a white powder at room temperature. Lithium cyanide is commonly used as a reagent in inorganic/organometallic reactions. Lithium cyanide can be found in the environment from the reaction of lithium and acetonitrile, two compounds found in lithium sulfur oxide batteries. When the compound is exposed to the environment it can produce toxic fumes with weak acids found in nature. More details Android, Windows

[chemical-compounds-en-blog]

Lithium chloride

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (August 2016) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Lithium chloride Names Preferred IUPAC name Lithium chloride Systematic IUPAC name Lithium(1+) chloride Identifiers CAS Number 7447-41-8 Y ChEBI CHEBI:48607 Y ChEMBL ChEMBL69710 N ChemSpider 22449 Y EC Number 231-212-3 Jmol 3D model Interactive image MeSH Lithium+chloride PubChem 433294 RTECS number OJ5950000 UNII G4962QA067 Y UN number 2056 InChI SMILES Properties Chemical formula ClLi Molar mass 42.39 g·mol−1 Appearance white solid hygroscopic, sharp Density 2.068 g/cm3 Melting point 605–614 °C (1,121–1,137 °F; 878–887 K) Boiling point 1,382 °C (2,520 °F; 1,655 K) Solubility in water 68.29 g/100 mL (0 °C) 74.48 g/100 mL (10 °C) 84.25 g/100 mL (25 °C) 88.7 g/100 mL (40 °C) 123.44 g/100 mL (100 °C) Solubility soluble in hydrazine, methylformamide, butanol, selenium(IV) oxychloride, propanol Solubility in methanol 45.2 g/100 g (0 °C) 43.8 g/100 g (20 °C) 42.36 g/100 g (25 °C) 44.6 g/100 g (60 °C) Solubility in ethanol 14.42 g/100 g (0 °C) 24.28 g/100 g (20 °C) 25.1 g/100 g (30 °C) 23.46 g/100 g (60 °C) Solubility in formic acid 26.6 g/100 g (18 °C) 27.5 g/100 g (25 °C) Solubility in acetone 1.2 g/100 g (20 °C) 0.83 g/100 g (25 °C) 0.61 g/100 g (50 °C) Solubility in liquid ammonia 0.54 g/100 g (-34 °C) 3.02 g/100 g (25 °C) Vapor pressure 1 torr (785 °C) 10 torr (934 °C) 100 torr (1130 °C) Refractive index (nD) 1.662 (24 °C) Viscosity 0.87 cP (807 °C) Structure Coordination geometry Octahedral Molecular shape Linear (gas) Dipole moment 7.13 D (gas) Thermochemistry Specific heat capacity (C) 48.03 J/mol·K Std molar entropy (S o298) 59.31 J/mol·K Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH o298) -408.27 kJ/mol Gibbs free energy (ΔfG˚) -384 kJ/mol Hazards Safety data sheet See: data page ICSC 0711 GHS pictograms GHS signal word Warning GHS hazard statements H302, H315, H319, H335 GHS precautionary statements P261, P305+351+338 EU classification (DSD) Xn R-phrases R22, R36/37/38 S-phrases S26, S36/37/39 NFPA 704 0 1 0 Flash point Non-flammable Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): LD50 (median dose) 526 mg/kg (oral, rat) Related compounds Other anions Lithium fluoride Lithium bromide Lithium iodide Lithium astatide Other cations Sodium chloride Potassium chloride Rubidium chloride Caesium chloride Francium chloride Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). N verify (what is YN ?) Infobox references Lithium chloride is a chemical compound with the formula LiCl. The salt is a typical ionic compound, although the small size of the Li+ ion gives rise to properties not seen for other alkali metal chlorides, such as extraordinary solubility in polar solvents (83.05 g/100 mL of water at 20 °C) and its hygroscopic properties. More details Android, Windows

[chemical-compounds-en-blog]

Lithium chlorate

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (November 2010) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Lithium chlorate Names Other names Chloric acid, lithium salt Identifiers CAS Number 13453-71-9 Y ChemSpider 55520 Jmol 3D model Interactive image PubChem 23682463 InChI SMILES Properties Chemical formula LiClO3 Molar mass 90.39 g/mol Melting point 127.6 to 129 °C (261.7 to 264.2 °F; 400.8 to 402.1 K) Solubility in water 241g/100mL (0 °C) 777g/100mL (60 °C) Related compounds Other anions Lithium chloride Lithium hypochlorite Lithium perchlorate Other cations Sodium chlorate Potassium chlorate Caesium chlorate Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references Lithium chlorate is the inorganic chemical compound with the formula LiClO3. Like all chlorates, it is an oxidizer and may become unstable and possibly explosive if mixed with organic materials, reactive metal powders, or sulfur. It can be manufactured by the reaction of hot, concentrated lithium hydroxide with chlorine: 3 Cl2 + 6 LiOH → 5 LiCl + LiClO3 + 3 H2O Lithium chlorate has a very high solubility in water. It is also a 6-electron oxidant. Its electrochemical reduction is facilitated by acid, electrocatalysts and redox mediators. These properties make LiClO3 an interesting oxidant for high energy density flow batteries. Lithium chlorate has a very low melting point for an inorganic ionic salt. More details Android, Windows

[chemical-compounds-en-blog]

Lithium fluoride

Lithium fluoride Names IUPAC name Lithium fluoride Identifiers CAS Number 7789-24-4 Y ChemSpider 23007 Y EC Number 232-152-0 Jmol 3D model Interactive image PubChem 224478 RTECS number OJ6125000 InChI SMILES Properties Chemical formula LiF Molar mass 25.939(2) g/mol Appearance white powder or transparent crystals, non-hygroscopic Density 2.635 g/cm3 Melting point 845 °C (1,553 °F; 1,118 K) Boiling point 1,676 °C (3,049 °F; 1,949 K) Solubility in water 0.27 g/100 mL (18 °C) 0.134 g/100 mL (25 °C) Solubility soluble in HF insoluble in alcohol Refractive index (nD) 1.3915 Structure Crystal structure Cubic Lattice constant a = 403.51 pm Molecular shape Linear Thermochemistry Specific heat capacity (C) 1.604 J/(g K) Std molar entropy (S o298) 1.376 J/(g K) Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH o298) -616 kJ/mol Hazards NFPA 704 0 2 0 Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): LD50 (median dose) 143 mg/kg (oral, rat) Related compounds Other anions Lithium chloride Lithium bromide Lithium iodide Lithium astatide Other cations Sodium fluoride Potassium fluoride Rubidium fluoride Caesium fluoride Francium fluoride Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Y verify (what is YN ?) Infobox references Lithium fluoride is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula LiF. It is a colorless solid, that transitions to white with decreasing crystal size. Although odorless, lithium fluoride has a bitter-saline taste. Its structure is analogous to that of sodium chloride, but it is much less soluble in water. It is mainly used as a component of molten salts. Formation of LiF releases one of the highest energy per mass of reactants, only second to that of BeO. More details Android, Windows

[chemical-compounds-en-blog]

Phenyllithium

Phenyllithium Names Systematic IUPAC name Phenyllithium Other names Phenyl lithium[citation needed] Identifiers CAS Number 591-51-5 Y Abbreviations LiPh, PhLi Beilstein Reference 506502 ChEBI CHEBI:51470 N ChemSpider 10254416 N EC Number 209-720-1 Gmelin Reference 2849 Jmol 3D model Interactive image MeSH phenyllithium PubChem 637932 InChI SMILES Properties Chemical formula LiC 6H 5 Molar mass 84.045 g mol−1 Appearance Colorless crystals Density 828 mg cm−3 Boiling point 140 to 143 °C (284 to 289 °F; 413 to 416 K) Solubility in water Reacts Thermochemistry Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH o298) 48.3-52.5 kJ mol−1 Hazards Safety data sheet External MSDS R-phrases R14, R17, R23/24/25, R48 S-phrases (S1/2), S8, S9, S16, S26, S30, S46, S36/37/39, S45 Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). N verify (what is YN ?) Infobox references Phenyllithium or lithobenzene is an organometallic agent with the empirical formula C6H5Li. It is most commonly used as a metalating agent in organic syntheses and a substitute for Grignard reagents for introducing phenyl groups in organic syntheses. Crystalline phenyllithium is colorless; however, solutions of phenyllithium are various shades of brown or red depending on the solvent used and the impurities present in the solute. More details Android, Windows

[chemical-compounds-en-blog]

Lithium titanate

Lithium titanate Names Other names Lithium metatitanate Identifiers CAS Number 12031-82-2 Y PubChem 160968 Properties Chemical formula Li2TiO3 Molar mass 109.76 Appearance Off-white powder Density 3.43 g/cm3 Melting point 1,533 °C (2,791 °F; 1,806 K) Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). N verify (what is YN ?) Infobox references Lithium titanate (full name lithium metatitanate) is a compound containing lithium and titanium. It is an off-white powder at room temperature and has the chemical formula Li2TiO3. It is the anode component of the fast recharging lithium-titanate battery. It is also used as an additive in porcelain enamels and ceramic insulating bodies based on titanates. It is frequently utilized as a flux due to its good stability. In recent years, along with other Lithium ceramics, metatitanate pebbles have been the subject of research efforts towards tritium breeding materials in nuclear fusion applications. More details Android, Windows

[chemical-compounds-en-blog]

Lithium tetrafluoroborate

Lithium tetrafluoroborate Names IUPAC name Lithium tetrafluoroborate Other names Borate(1-), tetrafluoro-, lithium Identifiers CAS Number 14283-07-9 Y ChemSpider 3504162 Y Jmol 3D model Interactive image PubChem 4298216 InChI SMILES Properties Chemical formula LiBF4 Molar mass 93.746 g/mol Appearance White/grey crystalline solid Odor odorless Density 0.852 g/cm3 solid Melting point 296.5 °C (565.7 °F; 569.6 K) Boiling point decomposes Solubility in water Very soluble Hazards Main hazards Harmful, causes burns, hygroscopic. Safety data sheet External MSDS NFPA 704 0 1 1 Related compounds Other anions Tetrafluoroborate, Related compounds Nitrosyl tetrafluoroborate Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). N verify (what is YN ?) Infobox references Lithium tetrafluoroborate is an inorganic compound with the formula LiBF4. It is a white crystalline powder. It has been extensively tested for use in commercial secondary batteries, an application that exploits its high solubility in nonpolar solvents. More details Android, Windows

[chemical-compounds-en-blog]

Lithium borohydride

Lithium borohydride Names IUPAC name Lithium tetrahydridoborate(1–) Other names Lithium hydroborate, Lithium tetrahydroborate Borate(1-), tetrahydro-, lithium, lithium boranate Identifiers CAS Number 16949-15-8 Y ChemSpider 55732 Y Jmol 3D model Interactive image PubChem 4148881 RTECS number ED2725000 InChI SMILES Properties Chemical formula LiBH4 Molar mass 21.784 g/mol Appearance White solid Density 0.666 g/cm3 Melting point 268 °C (514 °F; 541 K) Boiling point 380 °C (716 °F; 653 K) decomposes Solubility in water reacts Solubility in ether 2.5 g/100 mL Thermochemistry Specific heat capacity (C) 82.6 J/mol K Std molar entropy (S o298) 75.7 J/mol K Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH o298) -198.83 kJ/mol Hazards Autoignition temperature > 180 °C (356 °F; 453 K) Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Y verify (what is YN ?) Infobox references Lithium borohydride (LiBH4) is a tetrahydroborate and known in organic synthesis as a reducing agent for esters. Although less common than the related sodium borohydride, the lithium salt offers some advantages, being a stronger reducing agent and highly soluble in ethers, whilst remaining safer to handle than lithium aluminium hydride. More details Android, Windows

[chemical-compounds-en-blog]

Lithium borate

Lithium tetraborate Names Other names Lithium borate Identifiers CAS Number 12007-60-2 Y ChemSpider 21169645 Y EC Number 234-514-3 Jmol 3D model Interactive image PubChem 15764247 InChI SMILES Properties Chemical formula Li2B4O7 Molar mass 169.11 g/mol Appearance white powder Density 2.4 g/cm3, solid Melting point 917 °C (1,683 °F; 1,190 K) Solubility in water moderately soluble Hazards Safety data sheet External MSDS NFPA 704 0 2 0 Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). N verify (what is YN ?) Infobox references Lithium borate, also known as lithium tetraborate (Li2B4O7), is the lithium salt of boric acid. Lithium borate is an ingredient for use in making glasses and ceramics. Lithium borate can be used in the laboratory as LB buffer for gel electrophoresis of DNA and RNA. It is also used in the borax fusion method to vitrify mineral powder specimens for analysis by WDXRF spectroscopy. Naturally occurring lithium tetraborate is known as the mineral diomignite. It is exceedingly rare. More details Android, Windows

[chemical-compounds-en-blog]

Lithium tantalate

Lithium tantalate Names IUPAC name Lithium tantalate Other names Lithium Metatantalate Identifiers CAS Number 12031-66-2 Y PubChem 159405 RTECS number WW55470000 Properties Chemical formula LiTaO3 Molar mass 235.887 g/mol Density 7.46 g/cm3, solid Melting point 1,650 °C (3,000 °F; 1,920 K) Solubility in water  ?/100 ml (25 °C) Structure Crystal structure Space group R3c Related compounds Other anions LiNbO3 Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Y verify (what is YN ?) Infobox references Wikinews has related news: Tabletop fusion may lead to neutron source Lithium tantalate (LiTaO3), is a crystalline solid which possesses unique optical, piezoelectric and pyroelectric properties which make it valuable for nonlinear optics, passive infrared sensors such as motion detectors, terahertz generation and detection, surface acoustic wave applications, cell phones and possibly pyroelectric nuclear fusion. Considerable information is available from commercial sources about this salt. More details Android, Windows

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Lithium sulfite

Lithium sulfite Names IUPAC name Lithium sulfite Systematic IUPAC name Lithium sulfite Identifiers ChemSpider 9840129 Jmol 3D model Interactive image InChI SMILES Properties Chemical formula Li2SO3 Molar mass 93.943 Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references Lithium sulfite or lithium sulphite is an ionic compound with the formula Li2SO3 More details Android, Windows

[chemical-compounds-en-blog]

Lithium sulfide

Lithium sulfide Names IUPAC name Lithium hydrosulfide Preferred IUPAC name Lithium sulfide Identifiers CAS Number 12136-58-2 Y ChemSpider 8466196 Y EC Number 235-228-1 Jmol 3D model Interactive image Interactive image PubChem 10290727 RTECS number OJ6439500 InChI SMILES Properties Chemical formula Li2S Molar mass 45.95 g/mol Appearance white solid Density 1.66 g/cm3 Melting point 938 °C (1,720 °F; 1,211 K) Boiling point 1,372 °C (2,502 °F; 1,645 K) Solubility in water very soluble Solubility very soluble in ethanol Structure Crystal structure Antifluorite (cubic), cF12 Space group Fm3m, No. 225 Coordination geometry Tetrahedral (Li+); cubic (S2−) Thermochemistry Std molar entropy (S o298) 63 J/mol K Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH o298) -9.401 kJ/g or -447 kJ/mol Hazards Safety data sheet External MSDS NFPA 704 1 3 1 Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): LD50 (median dose) 240 mg/kg (oral, rat) Related compounds Other anions Lithium oxide Other cations Sodium sulfide Potassium sulfide Related compounds Lithium hydrosulfide Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Y verify (what is YN ?) Infobox references Lithium sulfide is the inorganic compound with the formula Li2S. It crystallizes in the antifluorite motif, described as the salt (Li+)2S2−. It forms a solid yellow-white deliquescent powder. In air, it easily hydrolyses to release hydrogen sulfide (rotten egg odor). More details Android, Windows

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Lithium sulfate

Lithium sulfate Names IUPAC name Lithium sulfate Other names Lithium sulphate Identifiers CAS Number 10377-48-7 Y 10102-25-7 (monohydrate) N ChemSpider 59698 N Jmol 3D model Interactive image PubChem 66320 RTECS number OJ6419000 UNII 919XA137JK Y InChI SMILES Properties Chemical formula Li2SO4 Molar mass 109.94 g/mol Appearance White crystalline solid, hygroscopic Density 2.221 g/cm3 (anhydrous) 2.06 g/cm3 (monohydrate) Melting point 859 °C (1,578 °F; 1,132 K) Boiling point 1,377 °C (2,511 °F; 1,650 K) Solubility in water monohydrate: 34.9 g/100 mL (25 °C) 29.2 g/100 mL (100 °C) Solubility insoluble in absolute ethanol, acetone and pyridine Refractive index (nD) 1.465 (β-form) Thermochemistry Specific heat capacity (C) 1.07 J/g K Std molar entropy (S o298) 113 J/mol K Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH o298) −1436.37 kJ/mol Gibbs free energy (ΔfG˚) -1324.7 kJ/mol Hazards NFPA 704 0 1 0 Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): LD50 (median dose) 613 mg/kg (rat, oral) Related compounds Other cations Sodium sulfate Potassium sulfate Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). N verify (what is YN ?) Infobox references Lithium sulfate is a white inorganic salt with the formula Li2SO4. It is the lithium salt of sulfuric acid. More details Android, Windows

[chemical-compounds-en-blog]

Lithium succinate

Lithium succinate Systematic (IUPAC) name lithium butanedioic acid Clinical data AHFS/Drugs.com Monograph Identifiers ATC code D11AX04 (WHO) PubChem CID 10197702 ChemSpider 8373202 Y Chemical data Formula C4H5LiO4 Molar mass 124.02 g/mol SMILES InChI   (verify) Lithium succinate, the lithium salt of succinic acid, is a drug used in the treatment of seborrhoeic dermatitis and proposed for the treatment of anogenital warts. More details Android, Windows

[chemical-compounds-en-blog]

Lithium stearate

Lithium stearate Names IUPAC name Lithium octadecanoate Systematic IUPAC name Lithium octadecanoate Identifiers CAS Number 4485-12-5 Y ChemSpider 19369 EC Number 224-772-5 Jmol 3D model Interactive image PubChem 20569 UNII P31MC94P70 Y InChI SMILES Properties Chemical formula C18H35LiO2 Molar mass 290.42 g·mol−1 Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references Lithium stearate is a chemical compound with the formula LiO2C(CH2)16CH3. It is formally classified as a soap (a salt of a fatty acid). Lithium stearate is a white soft solid, prepared by the reaction of lithium hydroxide and stearic acid. Lithium stearate and lithium 12-hydroxystearate are lithium soaps, and are components of lithium grease. More details Android, Windows

[chemical-compounds-en-blog]

Lithium perchlorate

Lithium perchlorate Names IUPAC name Lithium perchlorate Other names Perchloric acid, lithium salt; Lithium Cloricum Identifiers CAS Number 7791-03-9 Y ChemSpider 133514 Y Jmol 3D model Interactive image PubChem 23665649 UNII Q86SE98C9C N InChI SMILES Properties Chemical formula ClLiO4 Molar mass 106.39 g·mol−1 Appearance white crystals Odor odorless Density 2.42 g/cm3 Melting point 236 °C (457 °F; 509 K) Boiling point 430 °C (806 °F; 703 K) decomposes from 400 °C Solubility in water 42.7 g/100 mL (0 °C) 49 g/100 mL (10 °C) 59.8 g/100 mL (25 °C) 71.8 g/100 mL (40 °C) 119.5 g/100 mL (80 °C) 300 g/100 g (120 °C) Solubility soluble in alcohol, ethyl acetate Solubility in acetone 137 g/100 g Solubility in alcohol 1.82 g/g (0 °C, in CH3OH) 1.52 g/g (0 °C, in C2H5OH) 1.05 g/g (25 °C, in C3H7OH) 0.793 g/g (0 °C, in C4H9OH) Thermochemistry Specific heat capacity (C) 105 J/mol·K Std molar entropy (S o298) 125.5 J/mol·K Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH o298) -380.99 kJ/mol Gibbs free energy (ΔfG˚) -254 kJ/mol Hazards Main hazards Oxidizer, irritant Safety data sheet MSDS GHS pictograms GHS signal word Danger GHS hazard statements H272, H315, H319, H335 GHS precautionary statements P220, P261, P305+351+338 EU classification (DSD) O Xi R-phrases R8, R36/37/38 S-phrases S17, S26, S36 NFPA 704 0 2 0 OX Related compounds Other anions Lithium chloride Lithium hypochlorite Lithium chlorate Other cations Sodium perchlorate Potassium perchlorate Rubidium perchlorate Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). N verify (what is YN ?) Infobox references Lithium perchlorate is the inorganic compound with the formula LiClO4. This white or colourless crystalline salt is noteworthy for its high solubility in many solvents. It exists both in anhydrous form and as a trihydrate. More details Android, Windows

[chemical-compounds-en-blog]

Lithium peroxide

Lithium peroxide Names Other names Dilithium peroxide, Lithium (I) peroxide Identifiers CAS Number 12031-80-0 Y ChemSpider 23787 Y Jmol 3D model Interactive image PubChem 25489 InChI SMILES Properties Chemical formula Li2O2 Molar mass 45.881 g/mol Appearance fine, white powder Odor odorless Density 2.31 g/cm3 Melting point 195 °C (383 °F; 468 K) Boiling point Decomposes to Li2O Solubility in water soluble Solubility insoluble in alcohol Structure Crystal structure hexagonal Thermochemistry Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH o298) -13.82 kJ/g Hazards EU classification (DSD) not listed NFPA 704 0 3 2 OX Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). N verify (what is YN ?) Infobox references Lithium peroxide is the inorganic compound with the formula Li2O2. It is a white, nonhygroscopic solid. Because of its low density, the solid has been used to remove CO2 from the atmosphere in spacecraft. More details Android, Windows