#parabolic collector

[electronalytics]

Molten Salt Solar Energy Thermal Storage Market Report Includes Dynamics, Business Strategies and Huge Demand by 2032

Market Overview of Molten Salt Solar Energy Thermal Storage:

Growing Renewable Energy Sector: The molten salt solar energy thermal storage market is witnessing significant growth due to the increasing adoption of renewable energy sources, particularly solar energy. Governments and organizations worldwide are investing heavily in renewable energy projects, including solar power plants, which drives the demand for molten salt thermal storage systems.

Efficient Energy Storage Solution: Molten salt thermal storage systems offer efficient energy storage capabilities, allowing solar power plants to store excess energy generated during peak sunlight hours. This stored energy can then be utilized during periods of low sunlight or high energy demand, enabling a more consistent and reliable power supply from solar energy sources.

Cost-Effective Energy Storage: Molten salt thermal storage is considered a cost-effective energy storage solution compared to other technologies like battery storage. The relatively low cost of molten salt materials, combined with their high heat storage capacity, makes them an attractive option for solar power plant operators looking to store large amounts of energy.

Enhanced Power Plant Performance: The integration of molten salt thermal storage systems with solar power plants enhances their performance and efficiency. The ability to store and dispatch energy as needed enables solar power plants to operate at a higher capacity factor, maximizing their electricity generation and revenue potential.

The global molten salt thermal energy storage market is poised to grow at a CAGR of 9.95% from 2022 to 2030.

Key Factors Driving the Molten Salt Solar Energy Thermal Storage Market:

Rising Awareness of Energy Storage Benefits: The awareness and understanding of the benefits of energy storage, including molten salt thermal storage, are increasing among utilities, project developers, and policymakers. The ability to store renewable energy and provide dispatchable power is recognized as a valuable asset in the energy transition.

Technological Advancements: Ongoing technological advancements are driving the development of more efficient and cost-effective molten salt thermal storage systems. Improvements in heat transfer efficiency, thermal insulation, and system integration are enhancing the performance and reliability of these systems.

Environmental Concerns and Climate Change Mitigation: The urgency to address climate change and reduce greenhouse gas emissions is pushing governments and organizations to adopt cleaner energy alternatives. Molten salt thermal storage enables the efficient utilization of solar energy, which significantly reduces carbon emissions compared to fossil fuel-based power generation.

Demand for Molten Salt Solar Energy Thermal Storage:

Solar Power Plants: The primary demand for molten salt thermal storage systems comes from solar power plants. These plants utilize the thermal energy stored in molten salt to generate electricity continuously, even during non-sunlight hours, thereby increasing their operational flexibility and overall efficiency.

Energy Storage Projects: The growing demand for energy storage projects, including standalone storage facilities or hybrid systems integrated with renewable energy sources, contributes to the demand for molten salt thermal storage. These projects aim to enhance grid stability, improve renewable energy integration, and ensure a reliable power supply during peak demand periods.

We recommend referring our Stringent datalytics firm, industry publications, and websites that specialize in providing market reports. These sources often offer comprehensive analysis, market trends, growth forecasts, competitive landscape, and other valuable insights into this market.

By visiting our website or contacting us directly, you can explore the availability of specific reports related to this market. These reports often require a purchase or subscription, but we provide comprehensive and in-depth information that can be valuable for businesses, investors, and individuals interested in this market.

“Remember to look for recent reports to ensure you have the most current and relevant information.”

Click Here, To Get Free Sample Report: https://stringentdatalytics.com/sample-request/molten-salt-solar-energy-thermal-storage-market/3893/

Market Segmentations:

Global Molten Salt Solar Energy Thermal Storage Market: By Company • BrightSource Energy • Solar Millennium AG • Abengoa • Orano • Siemens • Acciona • ESolar • SolarReserve • Schott • Wilson Solarpower • Cool Earth • Novatec • Lointek • Acciona Energy • Shams Power • ZED Solar • Absolicon • Rioglass Solar • Greenera Energy India Pvt • Focus solar • BrightSource Energy • NREL • Evergreen Solar Services • Suntech • Thai Solar Energy • BP Solar • Trina Solar Energy • Sunhome Global Molten Salt Solar Energy Thermal Storage Market: By Type • Tower-type Solar Power Tower System • Dish Concentrating Solar Power Systems • Other Global Molten Salt Solar Energy Thermal Storage Market: By Application • CSP System • Generate Electricity • Industrial Heating • Other Global Molten Salt Solar Energy Thermal Storage Market: Regional Analysis All the regional segmentation has been studied based on recent and future trends, and the market is forecasted throughout the prediction period. The countries covered in the regional analysis of the Global Molten Salt Solar Energy Thermal Storage market report are U.S., Canada, and Mexico in North America, Germany, France, U.K., Russia, Italy, Spain, Turkey, Netherlands, Switzerland, Belgium, and Rest of Europe in Europe, Singapore, Malaysia, Australia, Thailand, Indonesia, Philippines, China, Japan, India, South Korea, Rest of Asia-Pacific (APAC) in the Asia-Pacific (APAC), Saudi Arabia, U.A.E, South Africa, Egypt, Israel, Rest of Middle East and Africa (MEA) as a part of Middle East and Africa (MEA), and Argentina, Brazil, and Rest of South America as part of South America.

Visit Report Page for More Details:  https://stringentdatalytics.com/reports/molten-salt-solar-energy-thermal-storage-market/3893/

Reasons to Purchase Molten Salt Solar Energy Thermal Storage Market Report:

• To obtain insights into industry trends and dynamics, including market size, growth rates, and important factors and difficulties. This study offers insightful information on these topics.

• To identify important participants and rivals: This research studies can assist companies in identifying key participants and rivals in their sector, along with their market share, business plans, and strengths and weaknesses.

• To comprehend consumer behaviour: these research studies can offer insightful information about customer behaviour, including preferences, spending patterns, and demographics.

• To assess market opportunities: These research studies can aid companies in assessing market chances, such as prospective new goods or services, fresh markets, and new trends.

• To make well-informed business decisions: These research reports give companies data-driven insights that they may use to plan their strategy, develop new products, and devise marketing and advertising plans.

In general, market research studies offer companies and organisations useful data that can aid in making decisions and maintaining competitiveness in their industry. They can offer a strong basis for decision-making, strategy formulation, and company planning.

Click Here, To Buy Premium Report: https://stringentdatalytics.com/purchase/molten-salt-solar-energy-thermal-storage-market/3893/?license=single

About US:

Stringent Datalytics offers both custom and syndicated market research reports. Custom market research reports are tailored to a specific client's needs and requirements. These reports provide unique insights into a particular industry or market segment and can help businesses make informed decisions about their strategies and operations.

Syndicated market research reports, on the other hand, are pre-existing reports that are available for purchase by multiple clients. These reports are often produced on a regular basis, such as annually or quarterly, and cover a broad range of industries and market segments. Syndicated reports provide clients with insights into industry trends, market sizes, and competitive landscapes. By offering both custom and syndicated reports, Stringent Datalytics can provide clients with a range of market research solutions that can be customized to their specific needs

Contact US:

Stringent Datalytics

Contact No -  +1 346 666 6655

Email Id -  sales@stringentdatalytics.com

Web - https://stringentdatalytics.com/

[probablyasocialecologist]

The missing element in our sustainable energy strategy is a renewable source of thermal energy. Geothermal energy produces heat, but its potential is limited to regions that have volcanoes. Biomass is another option, but it faces many problems. If we were to try to provide an important share of heat demand by burning biomass, we would quickly come up against the limits of what the planet can produce. There is only one source of heat energy left, and it is a powerful and inexhaustible one: solar energy. We tend to see solar energy as yet another way to generate electricity, using photovoltaic panels or solar thermal power plants. But solar energy can also be applied directly, without the intermediate step of generating electricity. Basically, harvesting direct solar energy can happen in two ways: by means of water-based flat plate collectors or evacuated tube collectors, which collect solar radiation from all directions and can reach temperatures of 120 °C (248 °F), and by means of solar concentrator collectors, which track the sun, concentrate its radiation, and can generate much higher temperatures. These can be parabolic trough systems, linear concentrating Fresnel collectors, parabolic dish systems or solar power towers. Almost all of these technologies were developed at the turn of the 20th century.

[gearsandbranches]

Solar power - taste the sun

Without the sun, we would be (frozen) toast. That much is for sure. The sun directly or indirectly powers most forms of renewable energy: Without the sun, there would be no water cykle, so no water power. The differences in temperature and air pressure, set in motion by the energy of the sun, creates wind. And of course, we can use the sun in an array of ways to help us in our daily lives.

"The power of the Sun at the Earth, per square metre is called the solar constant and is approximately 1370 Watts per square metre (W/m2)." (https://www.sws.bom.gov.au/Educational/2/1/12, Australian Space Weather Forecasting Centre). That is a lot of watts per square meters. The number differs by a few percent depending on time of the year and our actually elliptic orbit around the sun, but there is still a lot of energy to use.

We can use the thermal energy and the light waves of the sun to our advantage in the following ways:

Active solar heating uses solar collectors, water pipes go through a glazed or unglazed panel. The panel is dark coloured to absorb the most of the solar power. The water in the pipes is heated up and can be used for heating.

Passive solar heating uses the warmth of the sun without a panel, it is for example used in passive houses. The heat from the sun enters the house through big windows, the house is so well insulated that it keeps that warmth.

Daylight can be used as a source for light to avoid artificial lighting.

Concentrated solar collectors contain a parabolic structure that concentrates the solar rays in one point. In that point, there is a pipe containing water or a high temperature heat transfer fluid, for example mineral oil. The fluid will then as well be used to create stream for energy production.

Power Towers are... towers. Surrounded by mirrors that all reflect sunlight onto the receiver on the top of the tower. There is a tank containing either water, creating steam for direct energy production, or salt. The concentrated solar power is enough to melt that saltv (melting point is often at over 200°C) and it can be used to either produce steam for electricity directly or it can be stored for a few hours, making 24-hour energy production possible.

Photovoltaic can be used to produce electricity directly from sunlight. It is a pretty cool process, so I´ll explain it a bit more extensive. Photovoiltaic cells have two layers of silicon, a very common mineral, divided by an insulator. Silicon is a semiconductor, that is a material that normally doesn´t have free electrons, which make up electricity, but if you add a bit of energy, it frees electrons and makes an electrical current possible. Now, the two layers of silicon are also "doped" with impurities, the upper layer with, for example, phosphorus, which adds free electrons, and the lower layer with, for example, boron, which adds a slight positive charge. The upper layer is called n-type silicon, the lower layer p-type silicon. If the sun shines on the photovoltaic cell, it frees the electrons from the upper layer. They are naturally driven to the lower layer, which is lacking electrons, but there is an insulator between them. Add a cable that´s conducting electricity, lay it through your house, and connect the upper to the lower level. If the sun hits the solar panel, it frees the electrons, they are travelling through your cable, bam! Electricity! Since that was a bit complicated, here is a picture:

(Source: Cosmos Magazine)

The perk about photovoltaic is that it is made from very common materials and that it can be put virtually everywhere. The downsides of it, and most other forms of solar energy is the obvious: It depends on the sun shining. Only pretty big photovoltaic panels work if it´s cloudy and there are places on the earth where the amount of sunlight varies strongly during the year. I, for example, am living in Sweden and the amount of sunlight hours (if they exist at all) during winter is so small and the angle of the sun so low that solar power just won´t cut it.

However, there are places on the earth where a lot could be done with solar power. Only a small part of the Sahara desert would be needed to cover Africa´s and Europes entire need for energy. Only a small part of Nevada would be enough to cover the US´s. Then of course, the question is how to transfer that energy and the whole power grid would have to be worked over, but sooner or later, we would have to do that anyways. There is a LOT of potential for solar power and the prices for it have gone down significantly in the past years:

(Source: Peake (2018): Renewable Energy. Power for a sustainable future.)

So that was a bit about solar power. We can hope that this will be a big part of our way to a better, greener, brighter future.

Source for pretty much all of it: Peake (2018): Renewable Energy. Power for a sustainable future. Fourth edition. Oxford university press.

[sp1derc1der]

The game mascot for Pokémon Opal, Chromagyl, is done!

Chromagyl: Floodwater Deity Pokémon

Type: Water/Electric

Height: 5.9m/19’3”

Weight: 371kg/817.9lbs

Ability: Inundate (When the Pokémon uses a Water type attack, its Special Attack rises.)

Hidden Ability: Hydration

Pokédex entries:

Jasper: “After creating the Austerra region alongside Bunjeus, it is said to have imbued its power into an amorphous Pokémon, creating the first Water type Pokémon, Manaphy.”

Opal: “It is said to have created the Austerra region alongside its counterpart, Bunjeus, by creating rivers that run through the land. Collecting its scales are said to bring the collector good luck.”

Base stats:

HP: 130

Attack: 90

Defense: 100

Special Attack: 170

Special Defense: 100

Speed: 90

=680

Notable moves: Hydro Pump, Discharge, Rain Dance, Electric Terrain, Ion Deluge, Parabolic Charge, Aqua Ring, Scald

Signature move: Deific Floodwaters (Special, Water, doesn’t make contact, 120 power, 100% accurate) (The user creates a landsplitting spire of water to hit its foe. This move becomes more powerful the more HP the user has remaining.)

[orthodoxydaily]

Saints&Reading: Sunday, February 12, 2023

february 12_january 30

Sunday of the Prodigal Son

The third parabole of the pre-lenten period illustrating three  different sides of the act and effects of repentance, Following, the tax-collector humbling himself to get a glimpse of Jesus from a sycamore tree,   Publican and the Pharisee which shows the difference between fake and true repentance; here is the prodigal son which seal the message. All repentants are God’s prodigal sons, away from the promise land which is the heavenly Kingdom  

“Two Sundays before the beginning of Great Lent, the parable of the prodigal son (Luke 15: 11-32) is read. That is the reason that particular Sunday came to be known as the “Sunday of the Prodigal Son.” In order to give Christians a vivid reminder of their withdrawal from their Heavenly Homeland and of their bondage to sin, following the Polyeleios Psalms at the Vigil, the Church chants Psalm 136 (KJV Ps. 137), “By the Waters of Babylon.” It is chanted on each of three Sundays preceding Great Lent.

Babylon was the capital of the empire of the same name, and was the place to which in 597 BC several thousand Israelites were taken from Judea and its contiguous province. Babylon went to war against Judea, and for several centuries, the Judean Kingdom ceased to exist. Seventy years after its defeat, when Judea was being restored, it was under Persian rule; later it came to be ruled by the Greeks and by Rome. Never again was there an independent Kingdom of Judea. It was only in 1948 that the independent State of Israel was created...” to be continued at Orthodox Christianity

 SYNAXIS OF THE HOLY OECUMENICAL TEACHERS OF THE CHURCH AND HIERARCH: BASIL THE GREAT, GREGORY THE THEOLOGIAN AND JOHN CHRYSOSTOMOS

Synaxis of the Three Hierarchs: Basil the Great, Gregory the Theologian and John Chrysostom: During the eleventh century, disputes raged in Constantinople about which of the three hierarchs was the greatest. Some preferred Saint Basil (January 1), others honored Saint Gregory the Theologian (January 25), while a third group exalted Saint John Chrysostom (November 13).

Dissension among Christians increased. Some called themselves Basilians, others referred to themselves as Gregorians, and others as Johnites.

By the will of God, the three hierarchs appeared to Saint John the Bishop of Euchaita (June 14) in the year 1084, and said that they were equal before God. “There are no divisions among us, and no opposition to one another.”

They ordered that the disputes should stop, and that their common commemoration should be celebrated on a single day. Bishop John chose January 30 for their joint Feast, thus ending the controversy and restoring peace.

ST PETER, TSAR OF BULGARIA (969)

Saint Peter, King of Bulgaria, was the son of the militant Bulgarian prince Simeon. Saint Peter was distinguished for his Christian piety, and he often turned to Saint John of Rila (August 18, October 19), asking his prayers, spiritual guidance and advice.

King Peter concluded peace with Byzantium on terms advantageous for Bulgaria. He also gained recognition from the Patriarch of Constantinople for the autonomy of the Bulgarian Church, and the affirmation of a Patriarchal throne in Bulgaria, benefiting all the Bulgarian Church.

Saint Peter aided in the successful extirpation of the Bogomil heresy in his lands. He died in the year 967, at fifty-six years of age.

MARK 16:1-8

1Now when the Sabbath was past, Mary Magdalene, Mary the mother of James, and Salome bought spices, that they might come and anoint Him. 2 Very early in the morning, on the first day of the week, they came to the tomb when the sun had risen. 3 And they said among themselves, "Who will roll away the stone from the door of the tomb for us?" 4 But when they looked up, they saw that the stone had been rolled away-for it was very large. 5 And entering the tomb, they saw a young man clothed in a long white robe sitting on the right side; and they were alarmed. 6 But he said to them, "Do not be alarmed. You seek Jesus of Nazareth, who was crucified. He is risen! He is not here. See the place where they laid Him. 7 But go, tell His disciples-and Peter-that He is going before you into Galilee; there you will see Him, as He said to you. 8 So they went out quickly and fled from the tomb, for they trembled and were amazed. And they said nothing to anyone, for they were afraid.

1 CORINTHIANS 6:12-20

12 All things are lawful for me, but all things are not helpful. All things are lawful for me, but I will not be brought under the power of any.13 Foods for the stomach and the stomach for foods, but God will destroy both it and them. Now the body is not for sexual immorality but for the Lord, and the Lord for the body. 14 And God both raised up the Lord and will also raise us up by His power. 15 Do you not know that your bodies are members of Christ? Shall I then take the members of Christ and make them members of a harlot? Certainly not! 16 Or do you not know that he who is joined to a harlot is one body with her? For "the two," He says, "shall become one flesh." 17 But he who is joined to the Lord is one spirit with Him. 18 Flee sexual immorality. Every sin that a man does is outside the body, but he who commits sexual immorality sins against his own body. 19 Or do you not know that your body is the temple of the Holy Spirit who is in you, whom you have from God, and you are not your own? 20 For you were bought at a price; therefore glorify God in your body and in your spirit, which are God's.

[jupitersolar]

Solar Water Heaters: Harnessing Renewable Energy

What are Solar Water Heaters?

Solar water heaters utilize solar energy to heat water for residential, commercial, or industrial use.

Benefits of Solar Water Heaters

Renewable energy source

Energy efficiency

Reduced water heating costs

Low maintenance

Long lifespan

Environmental benefits

Increased property value

Types of Solar Water Heaters

Flat Plate Collectors

Evacuated Tube Collectors

Concentrating Collectors

Thermosiphon Systems

Forced Circulation Systems

Passive Systems

Active Systems

https://jupitersolars.in/faq.php

Components of Solar Water Heaters

Solar Collector

Water Tank

Heat Exchanger

Pump

Control System

Temperature Sensors

Valves

Mounting System

Applications of Solar Water Heaters

Residential Water Heating

Commercial Water Heating

Industrial Process Water Heating

Swimming Pool Heating

Space Heating

Agricultural Water Heating

District Heating

How do solar water heaters work?

Solar water heaters use solar energy to heat water through solar collectors, heat exchangers, and storage tanks.

What are the benefits of solar water heaters?

Benefits include renewable energy source, energy efficiency, reduced water heating costs, low maintenance, and environmental benefits.

What types of solar water heaters are available?

Types include flat plate collectors, evacuated tube collectors, concentrating collectors, thermosiphon systems, and forced circulation systems.

How much do solar water heaters cost?

Costs vary depending on system size and type, ranging from $2,000 to $10,000.

What incentives are available for solar water heaters?

Incentives include federal tax credits, state rebates, and utility company incentives.

Buy solar water heaters from Jupiter Solar,www.jupitersolars.in

Call  +91 9364896193.            +91 9364896194

Technical Terms

Renewable Energy Source: Utilizes sunlight as fuel, reducing dependence on fossil fuels. (e.g., Solar, Geothermal, Wind)

Alternate synonyms: Sustainable Energy, Green Energy, Alternative Energy

Energy Efficiency: Optimizes energy conversion, minimizing heat loss. (e.g., Insulation, Double Glazing)

Alternate synonyms: Energy Conservation, Energy Savings, Thermal Efficiency

Reduced Water Heating Costs: Lowers energy consumption, decreasing utility bills. (e.g., 50-80% savings)

Alternate synonyms: Energy Savings, Cost-Effective, Water Heating Efficiency

Low Maintenance: Requires minimal upkeep, reducing repair costs. (e.g., Corrosion-resistant materials)

Alternate synonyms: Maintenance-Free, Self-Cleaning, Durable

Long Lifespan: Operates for 20+ years, maximizing investment returns. (e.g., Durable materials, Quality manufacturing)

Alternate synonyms: Durability, Longevity, Extended Service Life

Increased Property Value: Enhances property appeal, boosting resale value. (e.g., Energy-efficient features)

Alternate synonyms: Property Enhancement, Value Addition, Energy-Efficient Upgrade

Types of Solar Water Heaters

Flat Plate Collectors: Absorbs sunlight through flat panels, heating water. Example: Roof-mounted, flat plate collectors

Alternate synonyms: Flat Plate Solar Collectors, Solar Panels

Evacuated Tube Collectors: Uses vacuum-insulated tubes for efficient heat transfer. Example: Evacuated tube solar water heaters

Alternate synonyms: Vacuum Tube Collectors, Heat Pipe Collectors

Concentrating Collectors: Focuses sunlight onto a central receiver, amplifying heat. Example: Parabolic trough concentrating collectors

Alternate synonyms: Concentrated Solar Power, CSP Systems

Thermosiphon Systems: Circulates water through natural convection, eliminating pumps. Example: Passive thermosiphon solar water heaters

Alternate synonyms: Natural Circulation Systems, Gravity-Fed Systems

Forced Circulation Systems: Uses pumps to circulate water through solar collectors. Example: Active forced circulation solar water heaters

Alternate synonyms: Pumped Systems, Active Solar Water Heaters

Passive Systems: Relies on natural convection, eliminating electrical components. Example: Passive solar water heaters

Alternate synonyms: Non-Mechanical Systems, Self-Circulating Systems

Active Systems: Employs electrical components (pumps, controls) for efficient operation. Example: Active solar water heaters

Alternate synonyms: Mechanical Systems, Pumped Systems

Components of Solar Water Heaters

Solar Collector: Absorbs sunlight, converting it into heat. Example: Flat plate, evacuated tube, or concentrating collectors

Alternate synonyms: Solar Panel, Heat Absorber

Water Tank: Stores heated water for later use. Example: Insulated storage tanks

Alternate synonyms: Storage Tank, Water Reservoir

Heat Exchanger: Transfers heat from solar collector to water. Example: Coil-type, plate-type, or shell-and-tube heat exchangers

Alternate synonyms: Heat Transfer Unit, Thermal Exchange

Pump: Circulates water through solar collector and heat exchanger. Example: Centrifugal pumps, positive displacement pumps

Alternate synonyms: Water Circulation Pump, Solar Pump

Control System: Regulates solar water heater operation. Example: Temperature sensors, controllers, and valves

Alternate synonyms: Control Unit, Regulation System

Applications of Solar Water Heaters

Residential Water Heating: Provides hot water for homes, apartments, and condominiums. Example: Showering, bathing, washing dishes.

Commercial Water Heating: Serves hotels, restaurants, hospitals, and office buildings. Example: Laundry, cleaning, food preparation.

Industrial Process Water Heating: Supports manufacturing processes, cleaning, and sanitation. Example: Food processing, textile manufacturing.

Swimming Pool Heating: Warms pool water for comfortable swimming. Example: Residential and commercial pools.

Space Heating: Supplements space heating systems for homes and buildings. Example: Radiant floor heating, forced air systems.

Agricultural Water Heating: Supports dairy farming, livestock, and crop processing. Example: Cleaning, sanitation, animal care.

District Heating: Provides heat to multiple buildings through centralized systems. Example: Colleges, universities,

[heatpumpsolutionuk]

Harnessing the Power of the Sun: A Comprehensive Guide to Solar Thermal Panels

In the realm of renewable energy, solar power stands out as a beacon of hope for a sustainable future. Within this domain, solar thermal panels emerge as a promising technology, offering a unique approach to capturing the sun's energy. In this comprehensive guide, we delve into the intricacies of solar thermal panels, exploring their functionality, benefits, applications, and more.

Understanding Solar Thermal Panels

Solar thermal panels, also known as solar collectors, are devices designed to harness sunlight to generate heat. Unlike photovoltaic (PV) panels that convert sunlight into electricity, solar thermal panels utilize the sun's energy to heat a fluid, typically water or antifreeze solution, within their system. This heated fluid can then be used for various purposes, including space heating, water heating, industrial processes, and even electricity generation through steam turbines.

How Solar Thermal Panels Work

At the core of solar thermal panels lies the principle of solar thermal energy conversion. These panels consist of an array of absorber plates, often coated with a dark, heat-absorbing material, such as black chrome or copper. When sunlight strikes these absorber plates, they absorb a portion of the solar radiation and convert it into heat.

The absorbed heat is then transferred to the fluid circulating within the panel's pipes or channels. As the fluid absorbs heat, its temperature rises, making it suitable for specific applications. In closed-loop systems, the heated fluid is pumped to a heat exchanger or storage tank, where its thermal energy is transferred to a secondary fluid or utilized directly.

Types of Solar Thermal Panels

Solar thermal panels come in various designs and configurations, each tailored to suit different applications and climates. Some common types include:

Flat-Plate Collectors

Flat-plate collectors are the most basic and widely used type of solar thermal panels. They consist of a flat, rectangular absorber plate enclosed in a transparent cover, often made of glass or plastic. The absorber plate is attached to a network of fluid-carrying tubes, allowing the transfer of heat to the circulating fluid.

Evacuated Tube Collectors

Evacuated tube collectors employ a series of glass tubes, each containing an absorber plate and a heat pipe. These tubes are evacuated to create a vacuum, minimizing heat loss and enhancing thermal performance. Evacuated tube collectors are known for their efficiency in colder climates and under low-light conditions.

Parabolic Trough Collectors

Parabolic trough collectors utilize curved, parabolic-shaped mirrors to concentrate sunlight onto a focal line, where a receiver tube containing the fluid is positioned. This concentrated sunlight heats the fluid to high temperatures, making parabolic trough collectors suitable for applications requiring high-temperature heat, such as solar power plants.

Advantages of Solar Thermal Panels

Solar thermal panels offer several advantages over conventional heating systems and other renewable energy technologies:

Renewable and Clean Energy Source

Solar thermal energy is abundant, renewable, and environmentally friendly, making it a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels. By harnessing sunlight, solar thermal panels reduce reliance on non-renewable resources and mitigate greenhouse gas emissions, contributing to a cleaner and greener planet.

Cost Savings and Energy Efficiency

Investing in solar thermal panels can lead to significant cost savings on energy bills over the long term. By utilizing free sunlight as a primary energy source, these panels help reduce reliance on grid electricity or fossil fuels, thereby lowering energy costs and enhancing energy efficiency.

Versatility and Scalability

Solar thermal panels are versatile and can be deployed in a wide range of applications, from residential and commercial heating to industrial processes and power generation. Their modular nature allows for scalability, enabling users to expand their solar thermal systems as needed to meet growing energy demands.

Applications of Solar Thermal Panels

Solar thermal panels find diverse applications across various sectors, including:

Domestic Hot Water Heating: Solar thermal panels can be used to heat water for domestic purposes, such as bathing, washing, and space heating in residential buildings.

Commercial and Industrial Heating: In commercial and industrial settings, solar thermal panels can provide heat for space heating, water heating, and process heating, reducing operating costs and carbon footprint.

Swimming Pool Heating: Solar thermal panels are commonly used to heat swimming pools, offering a cost-effective and eco-friendly solution for maintaining comfortable water temperatures.

Solar Power Generation: In concentrated solar power (CSP) plants, solar thermal panels are employed to generate electricity by converting solar heat into mechanical energy, which drives turbines to produce electricity.

Conclusion

Solar thermal panels represent a compelling solution for harnessing the sun's energy to meet heating and power needs sustainably. With their ability to convert sunlight into heat for various applications, these panels offer renewable energy solutions that are cost-effective, environmentally friendly, and versatile. As we continue to embrace renewable energy technologies, solar thermal panels stand out as a shining example of innovation driving us towards a cleaner, greener future.

[vipinmishra]

Solar Mirror Market Benefits from Increasing Demand for Renewable Energy

The increasing demand for solar power and the rising awareness of renewable energy sources are likely to propel the growth of the global solar mirror market during the forecast period.

According to TechSci Research report, “Solar Mirror Market– Global Industry Size, Share, Trends, Opportunity, and Forecast, 2018-2028F”, the global solar mirror market is expected to rise in the coming years and register a significant CAGR during the 2024-2028F owing to increasing emphasis on solar mirror installations across the globe. Moreover, the growing demand for electricity will aid the global solar mirror market, as solar mirrors are used extensively for power generation. The use of solar mirrors for cooking, agriculture, and enhanced oil recovery is the other application area, which will ensure the growth of the global solar mirror market during the forecast period. Furthermore, emerging technologies such as self-orienting solar mirrors and aluminum-based reflecting materials in solar mirrors are expected to further boost the demand for solar mirrors in the coming years.

The global solar mirror market is expected to grow due to several important factors such as increasing public awareness of the negative effects of fossil fuels and the ongoing efforts of many countries to adopt energy-efficient technologies. Solar energy is being used by several sectors to reduce their energy consumption. Industrial applications are witnessing an increase in the demand for concentrated solar collectors due to their minimal maintenance requirements and capacity to provide heat without the use of electricity. This is likely to boost the growth of the global solar mirror market during the forecast period.

Some of the major reasons propelling the growth of the global solar mirror market include the rising demand for solar electricity and the requirement for efficient energy generation. Government initiatives to support renewable energy sources are also anticipated to promote the expansion of the global solar mirror market during the forecast period. Some of the major obstacles limiting the growth of this industry are high initial investment prices and a lack of knowledge about solar technology. However, the declining cost of photovoltaic (PV) cells is expected to be an ample amount of opportunities for market players in the coming years.

Browse over XX market data Figures spread through XX Pages and an in-depth TOC on the "Global Solar Mirror Market." https://www.techsciresearch.com/report/global-solar-mirror-market/3684.html

The global solar mirror market is divided into technology and end user.

Based on technology, the market is segmented into parabolic trough, linear fresnel, power tower, and dish/engine system. The parabolic trough technology is expected to grow in the coming years. The parabolic trough technology of solar mirror is a long, parabolic reflector that concentrates sunlight onto a linear receiver located above the reflector. The receiver is mounted on a tracking device that follows the sun along its daily path, maximizing the amount of sunlight that is captured and converted into heat energy.

Based on end user, the market is segmented into utilities, industrial, and commercial. The commercial end user segment is expected to boost in the coming years owing to solar mirrors being used in commercial to provide heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC). Solar-thermal systems are widely used in commercial buildings in the US for cooling and heating. These systems focus sunlight using parabolic mirrors onto a central receiver, which transmits the heat energy to a fluid.

The second-largest market share belongs to the utilities end user segment, which will experience a considerable CAGR during the projection period. Solar mirrors can be used in both thermal power plants and photovoltaic (PV). Solar mirrors are used in PV power plants to concentrate sunlight onto the PV cells. The PV cells produce electricity as a result of the focused sunlight.

The market analysis also studies the regional segmentation to devise regional market segmentation, divided among North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, South America, and Middle East & Africa.

Key market players in the global solar mirror market include:

FLABEG FE GmbH

Rioglass Solar Holding S.A.

Compagnie de Saint-Gobain S.A.

SkyFuel Inc

AGC Inc

Guardian Industries Corporation

Pilkington Plc

TG Yueda Solar Mirror Co. Ltd

Download Free Sample Report https://www.techsciresearch.com/sample-report.aspx?cid=3684

Customers can also request 10% free customization in this report.

“The global solar mirror market is expected to boost in the coming years and maintain a high CAGR during 2024-2028F owing to the growing demand for electricity, the unstable grid infrastructure, and the rising awareness about renewables energy among others across the country. Increasing awareness about the adverse effect of fossil fuel and continuous efforts of many countries in adopting energy efficient technologies are factors driving solar technology. This, in turn, is likely to boost the market for solar mirrors during the forecast period. Many industries are using solar energy to reduce consumption.

Additionally, governments are focusing on renewable energy by spending billions of dollars invested in solar energy. For instance, China spent USD 546 billion in 2022 on investments that included solar and wind energy, electric vehicles, and batteries. That is nearly four times the amount of US investments, which totaled USD 141 billion. The European Union was second to China with USD 180 billion in clean energy investments. Therefore, the global solar mirror market is expected to grow during the forecast period 2024-2028F,” said Mr. Karan Chechi, Research Director with TechSci Research, a research-based global management consulting firm.

“Solar Mirror Market – Global Industry Size, Share, Trends, Opportunity, and Forecast, 2018-2028F- By Technology (Parabolic Trough, Linear Fresnel, Power Tower, and Dish/Engine System), By End User (Utilities, Industrial, and Commercial), and By Region, Competition, 2028F”, has evaluated the future growth potential of the global solar mirror and provides statistics and information on market structure, size, share, and future growth. The report intends to provide cutting-edge market intelligence and help decision makers take sound investment decisions. Besides, the report also identifies and analyzes the emerging trends along with essential drivers, challenges, and opportunities in the global solar mirror market.

Browse Related Research

Portable Secondary Battery Market https://www.techsciresearch.com/report/portable-secondary-battery-market/19571.html Commercial Gas Meters Market https://www.techsciresearch.com/report/commercial-gas-meters-market/19475.html Commercial Power Generation Market https://www.techsciresearch.com/report/commercial-power-generation-market/19487.html

Contact

Mr. Ken Mathews

708 Third Avenue,

Manhattan, NY,

New York – 10017

Tel: +1-646-360-1656

Email: sales@techsciresearch.com

Web: www.techsciresearch.com

[aussiesolartech]

Solar Tech Systems | aussiesolartech.com.au

Solar tech systems harness and convert solar radiation into various forms of energy. They include photovoltaic (PV) technologies that directly convert sunlight into electricity; concentrating solar-thermal (CSP) technologies that generate power by using mirrors to concentrate sun’s heat; and electrical grid systems that integrate PV and CSP technology with traditional and other renewable sources.

Solar photovoltaic (PV) systems

Solar tech systems photovoltaic (PV) convert the Sun’s radiation into electricity. They can be used for homes or large electric utility and energy generation purposes. Individual solar cells produce only a small amount of power, so they are combined into modules and arrays to generate larger amounts. NREL researchers are working to improve the performance of PV cells so that they can meet the growing demand for clean, renewable energy.

NREL also conducts research to ensure that PV systems are properly sized to match their owners’ electricity usage. This includes determining how much electricity is needed and deciding what time of day the system should be operating so that it can take advantage of peak sunlight hours. Currently, most off-grid PV systems include batteries to allow them to continue producing electricity during cloudy conditions.

Concentrating solar-thermal (CSP) systems

CSP technologies capture the sun’s heat to drive a conventional steam turbine generator. They are often paired with thermal energy storage systems to provide flexible and dispatchable electricity.

Solar energy is focused by mirrors onto a receiver or engine that converts the thermal energy into electricity using a Rankine or Brayton cycle. There are two major types of utility-scale CSP: power tower and linear concentrator.

Power tower systems use a network of sun-tracking mirrors that focus sunlight on the top of a central tower where a heat transfer fluid is heated to over 600oC. The steam drives a conventional turbine-generator to produce electricity.

Linear concentrator systems use parabolic trough collectors to concentrate sunlight into parallel tubes filled with a heat transfer fluid. These systems can either operate without storage, or with a thermal energy storage system like molten salt.

Sun-tracking systems

Solar tracking systems are designed to orient solar panels toward the sun as it rises and sets. This can lead to a significant boost in power production, which is why it’s worth the additional expense of installing these systems on your rooftop.

There are several types of solar trackers, with a single-axis solar system offering the most cost-effective solution. These trackers move on one axis and are aligned northsouth and east-west. These are also known as vertical single-axis trackers or VSATs.

Dual-axis trackers are more expensive and require additional maintenance.

However, they can improve your solar energy output by up to 40%. These are often used in commercial applications. They have a more complex control system and are based on a computer-based algorithm. They can be more prone to failure than static solar panels.

Perovskite solar cells

Perovskite solar cells (PSC) have high efficiencies and are currently being extensively researched. However, they are not yet ready for commercialisation. This is because they have stability issues and need to be improved, optimised and scaled for large areas of device.

The stability of these solar cells can be improved by adding tin to the mix. Tin is in the same column as lead on the periodic table and has a similar ionic size, so it can replace lead without negatively impacting the performance of the cell.

The NREL’s research in this area includes examining how the structure of a perovskite cell can be altered to improve stability. Another focus is improving the fabrication process for these devices. This includes reducing the number of heating and coating steps, and using roll-to-roll processing.

Cadmium telluride solar cells

Cadmium telluride solar tech cells use a thin semiconductor layer to absorb and convert sunlight into electricity. They are more efficient than crystalline silicon panels and can operate in higher temperatures. They can also withstand more moisture.

The Ohio-based companies First Solar and Toledo Solar make cadmium telluride solar panels. Their products compete with crystalline silicon systems, which represent the majority of the world’s solar panels.

The cadmium telluride industry is less vulnerable to supply chain interruptions than the crystalline silicon sector, Mansfield said. The materials needed per panel are relatively small, and better ways to refine them could maximize their availability. The industry is also less dependent on foreign supplies, and can use byproducts from mining ores. It is less carbon-intensive than crystalline solar technology, and can recycle end-of-life modules.

[civilengineering-crimson]

Enhancement Techniques of Parabolic Trough Collectors: A Review of Past and Recent Technologies_Crimson Publishers

Abstract

Parabolic Trough Collectors (PTC) are one of the most widely used technology amongst the solar thermal systems used by the power generation industry. In recent years, numerous scientific investigations have focused on this topic to assess the thermal performance and to improve its thermal efficiency. The current paper presents a short but concise review of the PTC system showing the recent and past studies in a quest to improve and enhance the thermal and optical efficiencies. We discuss briefly the techniques used for single and two-phase flow modelling, design variables and experimental processes. Furthermore, studies investigating the enhancement of thermal performance are critically summarized such as: use of nanofluids as a working fluid and passive heat transfer enhancement techniques (inserts for the solar receiver).

Read more about this article: https://crimsonpublishers.com/acet/fulltext/ACET.000563.php

For more articles in our journal: https://crimsonpublishers.com/acet/

[valsa22]

Local Firm's Resolution Means Tangible Roi From Renewable Power Solutions

The sustainable nature of this investment makes it the ideal alternative for anyone thinking about a long-term asset that has the potential to develop over time. That is why it's essential that a wise management is in a position to react to the situations accordingly. The Solar Lamp tracker has a in-built delicate GPS module that's accurate as a lot as 10 meters. Sign up to receive updates, promotions, and sneak peaks of upcoming products. Mr Zulu mentioned the new system might additionally provide a quantity of new jobs.

When the plane is correctly oriented to the sun, the lens focuses the radiation onto the mirror which displays it back preventing the SMAs from receiving it. On misalignment nonetheless, one of the SMAs receives the radiation, will get heated above its transformation temperature after which modifications shape, rotating the mirror - and hence the plane - until solar tracker radiation is again incident on the mirror. SMTP notifications present reside standing updates in case of an emergency. Time-derived astronomical algorithm with excessive precision of 0,1 ° Suitable for PV, CSP and heliostat plants. Equipped with superior settings and smart functions to make sure the maximisation of the yield of the plant.

The solar converts energy into renewable power using concentrated solar power. Yi and Hwang patented a water driven tracker for Kun Shun University, China. On both aspect of the pivot are spring supported water tanks with inlet and outlet valves. With the body solar panel tracking system oriented in a W-E path, one tank is crammed with water at night while the opposite is emptied.

The electrons from many cells are gathered collectively via conductors to make up the era capability of one module and many modules could be related collectively to provide power in huge portions. Primoris is anticipated to utilize solar tracking system FTC Solar’s new and differentiated Pioneer 1P tracker know-how on a number of tasks to optimize performance while reducing capital and labour prices. In his PhD thesis, Abdulrahim reviewed work that had been done in Nigeria especially on solar concentrators.

Design of optimised mechanical structures for customised consumer necessities, wind loading analysis, stress and deformation evaluation, environmental circumstances and area meeting & upkeep. In a "close-coupled" SWH system the storage tank is horizontally mounted immediately above the solar collectors on the roof. No pumping is required as the hot water naturally rises into the tank through thermosiphon flow. In a "pump-circulated" system the storage tank is ground- or floor-mounted and is below the extent of the collectors; a circulating pump moves water or heat switch fluid between the tank and the collectors.

The PnO was examined beneath partial shaded situations and it was seen that it's not dependable underneath these situations. The Fuzzy logic carried out higher than the PnO and IC however was not so good as the PSO and FA. Since the fuzzy logic requires in depth tuning to converge it was not examined under partial shaded circumstances. A DC-DC boost converter interface examine between a DC source and the DC load are performed.

Nor is the underneath powering of tropical Africa amidst loads of energy sources – including solar. This paper presents a evaluation of latest literature on tracking as utilized to home solar harnessing units. The purpose is to find basic requirements in design of a suitable solar tracker for the region’s rural properties. It is concluded that Single axis passive trackers presumably will stand better chances of acceptability within the area. Parabolic dish reflector systems is a point of focus collector that normally can track the solar alongside both the sun’s paths, concentrating as much solar energy as attainable onto a receiver situated at the focus of the dish. In order to obtain larger efficiencies from the system, the dish structure must be succesful of fully track the solar to replicate as a lot of the sun’s photons as attainable onto the thermal receiver.

It is a simple, but sensible principle that can be utilized perfectly to optimizing efficiency in solar energy techniques. Thanks to a team culminating more than 50 years’ expertise within the PV modules manufacturing sector, iseli vitality delivers prime class merchandise and solutions. The PiA Solar carport system, designed to be gentle weight and value efficient, may be equipped for both north facing north entry or north going through south entry.v

[orthodoxydaily]

Saints&Reading: Sunday, Feruary 5, 2023

feruary 5_january 23

Sunday of the Publican and the Pharisee

This parabole marks the beginning of the pre-lenten period,  It’s the first day of the reading and chanting of the Lenten Triodion. And the beginning of a free-fast week. 

Today is the second of the preparatory Sundays leading us toward the holy season of Great Lent. On this Sunday we read the Gospel parable of the Publican and the Pharisee. Our Lord tells us that two men went into the temple to pray – one was a Pharisee who was diligent in keeping the fasts and all the rules of the Jewish law and the other was a Publican, a lowly and despised tax collector. The Pharisee stood in the temple with great confidence and pride, thanking God that he was not like other men. The Publican stood in the back of the temple and could hardly raise his eyes to heaven, only crying out ‘God, be merciful to me, a sinner!’ Our Lord Jesus Christ makes the point that it was the prayer of the Publican that was pleasing in God’s sight – “for everyone who exalts himself will be humbled, and he who humbles himself will be exalted.”

It is very interesting and instructive and appropriate that on this day we read the Epistle from Apostle Paul to his spiritual child Timothy. In today’s Epistle we are exhorted to follow Orthodox ‘doctrine, manner of life, purpose, faith, longsuffering, love, perseverance, persecutions, afflictions.’ We are warned to beware evil men and imposters who might lead us astray from the true path. The Apostle advises us that we ‘must continue in the things which you have learned and been assured of, knowing from whom you have learned them, and that from childhood you have known the Holy Scriptures, which are able to make you wise for salvation through faith which is in Christ Jesus.’ Apostle Paul is urging us to hold fast to the faith, to the traditions and teachings that have been handed down to us. We are forewarned of evil men and imposters who might lead us astray from the true path. We must know our faith and our traditions and we must adhere to them with all fidelity.

Isn’t this an interesting pair of readings assigned for this Sunday? In the Gospel lesson for today we are told very clearly that preoccupation with the letter of the law and an over-emphasis on the rules of tradition will not pave our way into the kingdom of heaven and can be a cause for spiritual arrogance and pride. However, in the Epistle lesson for today we are warned to carefully hold on to the traditions which have been handed down to us, that we must beware of straying from the true path, that these things ‘are able to make us wise for salvation through faith which is in Christ Jesus’.

Our Holy Mother Church is so wise in presenting these two teachings to us now, as we prepare ourselves for the Great Fast.

How are we to understand these seeming contradictions? Are strict adherence to the traditions of our faith on the one hand and simple-hearted humility on the other hand contradictory to each other? The answer, of course, is a resounding ‘no!’… these things are not contradictory. In fact, if we approach and pursue them in the right way, they can and should serve to complement and even fuel zeal for one another. The key to both of these things is in the correct disposition of our heart and mind.

The Pharisee of today’s Gospel is a man who held to the traditions of his fathers in the faith. He prayed daily, he fasted twice a week, he donated to the church, he was honest in his dealings with men. This is not a bad man… but he was missing something critically important! The disposition of his heart and mind was completely off track… he exalted himself through his careful observance of the Law and looked down upon the simple Publican saying ‘I thank God I’m not like this man.’ All of his fasting, all of his standing in the temple, all of his donations – these good things had not penetrated the coldness and arrogance of his heart.

The Publican recognized his unworthiness and could not even raise his eyes to heaven. He stood in the back of the temple, beating his breast and crying ‘Have mercy on me a sinner!’ The disposition of his heart and mind were right… his heart was breaking with sorrow and love for God. This was the contrite heart that God will not despise.

Listen to the words of St. Tikhon of Zadonsk who states very clearly: ‘If someone should say that true faith is the correct holding and confession of correct dogmas, he would be telling the truth, for a believer absolutely needs the Orthodox holding and confession of dogmas. But this knowledge and confession by itself does not make a man a faithful and true Christian. The keeping and confession of Orthodox dogmas is always to be found in true faith in Christ, but the true faith of Christ is not always to be found in the confession of Orthodoxy…. The knowledge of correct dogmas is in the mind, and it is often fruitless, arrogant, and proud…. The true faith in Christ is in the heart, and it is fruitful, humble, patient, loving, merciful, compassionate, hungering and thirsting for righteousness; it withdraws from worldly lusts and clings to God alone, strives and seeks always for what is heavenly and eternal, struggles against every sin, and constantly seeks and begs help from God for this.’

Brothers and sisters in Christ - our approach and our attitude to standing firm in the traditions and disciplines of the Church must be humble and must be motivated and activated first and foremost by love for God.

What greater example may we have than those holy ones whom we commemorate today – the holy new martyrs of Russia? Through their sufferings they demonstrated that harmony of bold and courageous fidelity to Christ along with deep repentance and extreme humility.

May God grant us this integrated and holistic approach to our prayer and fasting. First of all, granting us a contrite and broken heart like the Publican, which cries out to God: ‘Be merciful to me a sinner!’ And may that love and mercy of our Lord Jesus Christ then inspire and strengthen us to heed His words: ‘If you love me, you will keep My commandments.’ Letting our Lenten efforts of fasting, of prayer, of disciplining our lives to be in accordance with Christ’s commandments – to be an expression of our deep love and gratitude to God. And may that cycle of ‘love inspiring effort’ and ‘effort inspiring love’ cascade like a snowball, so that our love increases our efforts and our efforts increase our love.

By, Archpriest Fr.Martin person

THE MONK GENNADIUS OF KOSTROMA AND LIUBIMOGRAD ( 1565)

Saint Gennadius of Kostroma and Liubimograd, in the world Gregory, was born in the city of Mogilev into a rich family. He early displayed love for the church, and his frequent visits to monasteries evoked the dismay of his parents. Gregory, however, was firmly resolved to devote himself to God, and changing into tattered clothing, he secretly left his parental home and journeyed to Moscow.

He visited the holy places in Moscow, but he did not find it suitable in spirit and so set out to the Novgorod region. The destiny of the future ascetic was decided by an encounter with Saint Alexander of Svir (August 30). With his blessing, Gregory went to the Vologda forest to Saint Cornelius of Komel (May 19), and was tonsured by him with the name Gennadius. Together with Saint Cornelius, Gennadius moved on to the Kostroma forest. Here, on the shores of Lake Sura, in about the year 1529, there emerged the monastery of the Transfiguration of the Lord, afterwards called “the Gennadiev monastery”. Having become igumen, Saint Gennadius did not slacken his monastic efforts, and together with the brethren he went out to the monastery tasks: he chopped wood, carried firewood, made candles and baked prosphora. He also wore heavy chains. One of his favorite tasks was the painting of icons, with which he adorned his new monastery.

For his holy life Saint Gennadius received from the Lord the gift of clairvoyance and wonderworking. Journeying to Moscow on monastic affairs, at the house of the nobleman Roman Zakharin, the saint predicted to his daughter Anastasia that she would become Tsaritsa. Indeed, Tsar Ivan the Terrible chose her as his wife.

The Life of Saint Gennadius was written by his disciple, Iguman Alexis, between the years 1584-1587. In it was inserted his spiritual testament, dictated by Saint Gennadius himself. In it he commands the monks to observe the monastery Rule, to toil constantly, to be at peace with everyone, and to preserve the books collected at the monastery, while striving to understand their meaning. He said, “Strive towards the light, and shun the darkness.”

Saint Gennadius died on January 23, 1565, and was glorified by the Church on August 19, 1646.

Source; Orthodox Church in America

MATTHEW 28:16-20 

16 Then the eleven disciples went away into Galilee, to the mountain which Jesus had appointed for them. 17 When they saw Him, they worshiped Him; but some doubted. 18 And Jesus came and spoke to them, saying, "All authority has been given to Me in heaven and on earth. 19 Go therefore and make disciples of all the nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, 20 teaching them to observe all things that I have commanded you; and lo, I am with you always, even to the end of the age. Amen.

2 TIMOTHY 3:10-15

10 But you have carefully followed my doctrine, manner of life, purpose, faith, longsuffering, love perseverance,11persecutions, afflictions, which happened to me at Antioch, at Iconium, at Lystra-what persecutions I endured. And out of them all the Lord delivered me. 12 Yes, and all who desire to live godly in Christ Jesus will suffer persecution. 13 But evil men and impostors will grow worse and worse, deceiving and being deceived.14 But you must continue in the things which you have learned and been assured of, knowing from whom you have learned them, 15 and that from childhood you have known the Holy Scriptures, which are able to make you wise for salvation through faith which is in Christ Jesus.

[tediousfact]

Powered Torus

I don’t often show the power supply or radiators for the habitats I play with. Above is a basic example of what they might look like. And from the side below:

The idea is that a parabolic trough is used to concentrate sunlight onto a collector that absorbs sunlight well but radiates infrared poorly (an example would be a blackened tube inside a transparent glass tube), and then that collected heat is used to generate electricity. As long as the habitat is kept edge on to the sun, the trough shades the habitat and the radiators, which are inside the hollow of the torus.

I prefer this kind of power generation to photo-voltaic systems because I feel that turbines, pipes, and mirrors are easier to work with, service, repair, and make replacement parts for using the resources available to a single city than solar panels. 

I’m a bit busy this week, but if I remember I’ll throw together a design tool to calculate how things like population density and stacking torus rings into a cylinder change the sizing requirements for both the solar system and the radiators and the required working temperature of the radiators. I never really post those or link to them, but I like having them available for my own use. And I can show off the results.

[heatpumpsolutionuk]

Solar Thermal Technology: Harnessing Sunlight for Clean Energy

Solar thermal technology harnesses the power of sunlight to generate heat, offering a sustainable and renewable alternative to conventional energy sources. In this article, we'll explore the workings, components, advantages, challenges, recent developments, applications, environmental impact, and future prospects of solar thermal technology.

Introduction to Solar Thermal Technology

Definition and overview

Solar thermal technology encompasses a range of systems and technologies that utilize sunlight to produce heat. Unlike photovoltaic (PV) systems, which directly convert sunlight into electricity, solar thermal technology focuses on capturing solar energy in the form of heat for various applications.

Importance of solar thermal technology

Solar thermal technology plays a crucial role in the transition towards cleaner and more sustainable energy sources. By harnessing the abundant and renewable energy of the sun, it offers an environmentally friendly alternative to fossil fuels, reducing greenhouse gas emissions and dependence on finite resources.

How Solar Thermal Technology Works

Basic principles of solar thermal energy conversion

Solar thermal systems operate on the principle of converting sunlight into heat. This heat is then utilized for heating water, spaces, or generating electricity through various technological processes such as concentrating sunlight with mirrors or lenses, transferring heat to a fluid, and utilizing the heated fluid for desired applications.

Types of solar thermal systems

There are several types of solar thermal systems, including flat-plate collectors, evacuated tube collectors, parabolic trough systems, solar power towers, and parabolic dish systems, each with its own unique configuration and applications.

Components of Solar Thermal Systems

Solar collectors

Solar collectors capture sunlight and convert it into heat, typically through the use of mirrors, lenses, or absorber plates.

Heat transfer systems

Heat transfer systems carry the collected heat from the solar collectors to a storage or utilization system, often using fluids such as water, oil, or molten salts.

Thermal energy storage

Thermal energy storage allows solar thermal systems to store excess heat for later use, enabling continuous operation even when sunlight is not available.

Advantages of Solar Thermal Technology

Renewable energy source

Solar thermal technology relies on the inexhaustible energy of the sun, making it a sustainable and renewable alternative to fossil fuels.

Low operating costs

Once installed, solar thermal systems have relatively low operating and maintenance costs compared to conventional energy sources.

Versatility and scalability

Solar thermal technology can be adapted to various applications and scaled up or down to meet different energy demands, making it suitable for a wide range of residential, commercial, and industrial uses.

Challenges and Limitations

Intermittency

Solar thermal systems are dependent on sunlight, making them intermittent and less reliable compared to conventional power sources.

Initial investment costs

The upfront costs of installing solar thermal systems can be significant, although they offer long-term savings and benefits over their lifespan.

Efficiency and reliability

Efforts are ongoing to improve the efficiency and reliability of solar thermal systems, particularly in terms of heat capture, storage, and utilization.

Recent Technological Developments

Advancements in collector design

Recent advancements in collector design have focused on improving efficiency and durability, leading to higher performance and lower costs.

Improved thermal energy storage

Developments in thermal energy storage technologies have enabled solar thermal systems to store excess heat for extended periods, increasing their reliability and usability.

Hybrid systems and integration with other renewables

Hybrid systems that combine solar thermal technology with other renewable energy sources such as wind or biomass offer increased efficiency and reliability, as well as greater flexibility in energy production.

Applications and Uses

Water heating

Solar thermal technology is commonly used for heating water for residential, commercial, and industrial purposes, providing a cost-effective and environmentally friendly alternative to conventional water heating methods.

Space heating and cooling

Solar thermal systems can also be used for space heating and cooling, providing comfortable indoor temperatures while reducing energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions.

Electricity generation

Concentrated solar power (CSP) systems use solar thermal technology to generate electricity by producing steam that drives turbines connected to generators, offering a clean and sustainable alternative to fossil fuel-based power generation.

Environmental Impact

Reduction of greenhouse gas emissions

By displacing the use of fossil fuels, solar thermal technology helps reduce greenhouse gas emissions and mitigate climate change.

Conservation of natural resources

Solar thermal technology reduces the consumption of finite resources such as coal, oil, and natural gas, preserving them for future generations and minimizing environmental degradation associated with their extraction and use.

Future Prospects and Trends

Increasing efficiency and reliability

Ongoing research and development efforts are focused on improving the efficiency and reliability of solar thermal technology, making it more competitive with conventional energy sources.

Expansion of market opportunities

As awareness of climate change and the importance of renewable energy grows, there is increasing demand for solar thermal technology worldwide, driving market growth and investment in research, development, and deployment.

Conclusion

Solar thermal technology offers a clean, sustainable, and versatile solution to our energy needs, harnessing the abundant power of the sun to produce heat for various applications. While facing challenges such as intermittency and initial investment costs, ongoing technological advancements and increasing global adoption are driving the growth of solar thermal technology. By embracing this renewable energy source, we can reduce our reliance on fossil fuels, mitigate climate change, and build a cleaner and more sustainable future.

[erosionproject]

SOUND MIRRORS

A grey monolith emerging unexpectedly along the sightlines of an isolated coast: the past is present; the past is alive in objects. No longer fixed by their original function, the objects become monumental sculpture – surprising, stubborn. Spectacular remnant of a dead-end technology, an acoustic mirror is a passive device used to reflect and focus (concentrate) sound waves. A forerunner of radar exclusively built on the south and northeast coasts of England between about 1916 and the 1930s during World War I. The ‘listening ears’ were devices intended to provide early warning of incoming enemy aeroplanes and airships about to attack coastal towns. With the development of faster aircraft, the sound mirrors became less useful, as an aircraft would be within sight by the time it had been located, and radar finally rendered the mirrors obsolete.  Sound mirrors worked using a curved surface to concentrate sound waves into a central point, which were picked up by a sound collector and later by microphones. An operator using a stethoscope would be stationed near the sound mirror and would need specialist training in identifying different sounds. Distinguishing the complexity of sound was so difficult that the operators could only listen for around 40 minutes. 

Denge Sound Mirrors (Source Uknown)

During World War 2 on the coast of southern England, a network of large concrete acoustic mirrors was in the process of being built when the project was cancelled owing to the development of the Chain Home radar system. Acoustic mirrors had limited effectiveness, and the increasing speed of aircraft in the 1930s meant that they would already be too close to engage by the time they had been detected. The development of radar puts an end to further experimentation with the technique. Nevertheless, there were long-lasting benefits. The acoustic mirror program, led by Dr. William Sansome Tucker, had given Britain the methodology to use interconnected stations to pinpoint the position of an enemy in the sky. The system they developed for linking the stations and plotting aircraft movements was given to the early radar team and contributed to their success in World War II; although the British radar was less sophisticated than the German system, the British system was used more successfully. Many of these mirrors are still standing today. The most famous of these devices still stand at Denge on the Dungeness peninsula and at Hythe in Kent; the three massive concrete “listening ears” which reflectors are not parabolic, but are actually spherical mirrors that could be used for direction finding by moving the sensor rather than the mirror.

Personal Works on the Sound Mirrors, Valentina Lekuona (2019-20)