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Vital Honey in Mardan ;03005792667
is a natural remedy for enhancing male performance based on Malaysian royal honey, in combination with the famous Tongkat root. But the maximum effect is achieved thanks to a special recipe and honey preparation technology. VITAL HONEY was inherited from the family recipe of the Malaysian Royal nobility.
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A Tale of Two Rifles
The Queen's Own Corps of Guides, formed in 1846 by Lieutenant Harry Lumsden in Peshawar, were the first military force to adopt khaki as a service dress. The Guides consisted of a unique combination of infantry companies and cavalry squadrons. The North West Frontier of British India where they operated was rarely quiet and although many other cavalry and infantry regiments served there, none was engaged more frequently than the elite Guides. The Guides were one of the most famous regiments in the British Empire. Since 1947 after the partition of India and Pakistan the Guides regiment was absorbed into the Pakistan Army. In time they became the (10th) Guides Cavalry and the 2nd (Guides) Frontier Force (Infantry) in the Pakistan Army.
A few months before the Second Afghan War the Guides were placed on guard at the mouth of the Khyber Pass, awaiting orders to advance into the Pass. A young Afridi soldier of the corps found himself in a painful dilemma becuase his home village lay in the path of the Guides and he would be expected to treat friends and family as hostiles. He was standing guard one night with a soldier from the Gurkha company who asked him to hold his rifle while he fetched something from his nearby tent. The Afridi now had two rifles and a dark night to cover his disappearance. When the Gurkha returned and found his fellow guard gone along with his rifle, he had to report it to Colonel F H Jenkins. Furious, Jenkins demanded to know how many more Afridis there were in the corps. When he was told that there were 17 he ordered them all to parade in front of him. They were orded to take off every item of Guides uniform and equipment there and then. The astonished soldiers obeyed. "Now," said Jenkins, "you can go, and don't let me see your faces again till you bring back those two rifles."
The next day, the Colonel may have regretted his rash reaction becuase there was no sign of the 17 men. The next day also saw no return of men or rifles, and the next. As time went on it became clear that all of them must have deserted to the enemy. Their places were filled by new recruits and they were forgotten. Until, that is, two years later, all seventeen men turned up at Mardan, the Guides depot - with the two rifles. They were ragged and dirty; they had spent all that time waging their own mini tribal war against fellow Afridis until they had at last found those two precious rifles.
#guides#regiment#nwfp#north west frontier#pakistan#india#british india#colonialism#british imperialism#queen's own corps of guides#harry lumsden#history#military#british army#war#battle#lost rifles#cameraderie#two rifles
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Famous People from Mardan
Mardan is the 2nd largest city of KPK province. it is known for the agricultural industries and all its archeological sites containing abundant of history. Apart from these famous historical places, this city is also known for the sincerity of its people. The people living here have made their name with their hard work and devotion to their homeland. Some of the famous people are discussed over here:
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Junaid Jamshed Winter Dresses Collection
Junaid Jamshed clothing brand is famous in all over the world due to its cultural and heritage outfits. This brand deals in outfits, perfumes, footwear, and accessories of all ages of peoples including kids. This brand works on the latest trend, fashion, and cultural styles. The brand designs are the fusion of different European and Arabian styles but purely in Pakistani cultural tradition. This brand also deals in seasonal and festive outfits in ready to wear and Pakistani winter collection unstitched category as well. The dresses are crafted with digital prints and embroidered work in modest detailing. The brand uses fine quality textures like Silk, Chiffon, Lawn, Cotton, Khaddar, Karandi, Linen and many essential as per demands. J. Jamshed has crafted a wide range of men's, women's and kids outfits varieties in the latest designs and styles in ready to wear and unstitched. This brand launches festive and seasonal collection with full of intense. In this winter season, Junaid Jamshed has the following winter collection 2020 for men, women, and kids.
Junaid Jamshed Winter Collection
J.J Women Winter Collection
Women Unstitched Winter Collection
Women Ready To Wear Collection
Women Pret Kurtis Collection
J.J Men Winter Collection
This collection is in ready to wear outfits.
Shalwar Kameez
Kurta
Waistcoat
Shawls
Unstitched Outfits
Footwear
J.J Girls Winter Collection
This collection is in ready to wear outfits.
Teen Girls Winter Collection
Kids Girls Winter Collection
J.J Boys Winter Collection'
Teen Boys Winter Collection
This collection is in ready to wear outfits.
Teen Boys Kameez Shalwar
Teen Boys Kurta
Kids Boys Winter Collection
This collection is in ready to wear outfits.
Kids boys Kameez Shalwar
Kids Boys Kurta
Junaid Jamshed Pakistani Outlets
This brand has more than 100 outlets nationwide. This brand has many retailers outlets in all Pakistani's big cities and each city has more than one outlet there. In Pakistan, the following cities have J.J outlets. Karachi, Hyderabad, Larkana, Sukkar, Quetta, Lahore, Faisalabad, Gujranwala, Bahawalpur, Rahimyar Khan, Multan, Abbottabad, Islam Abad, Rawal Pindi, Gujrat, Mir Pur, Sahiwal, Peshawar, Mardan, Sargodha, Sial Kott, Wah Cantt, Jehlum, and Mundi Baudin.
Junaid Jamshed International Outlets
This brand has more than 20 outlets internationally. This is the only brand that has numbers of many outlets in the World besides of Pakistan. This brand's customers are all over the world due to fine quality fabrics. and loyalty with its passion. UAE, UK, USA, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Canada, Oman. Australia, and New Zealand
Address Head office: 40 Sector 19 Korangi Industrial Area
PhoneUAN: 021 111 112 111
Email: [email protected]
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Peshawar Gift
Never I had imagined I could make it to Peshawar. The possibility to visit this incredible city was totally unexpected for me and it was a marvellous gift.
And like with all unexpected gifts, I am even more grateful and happy to have received it.
Since the very first moment I reached Peshawar, I was literally embraced in a gentle hug of generosity, hospitality, readiness to help and warmth. These are in fact for me the main traits of all the Pakistanis I have been meeting so far. I believe a country, a place, is its people, the very people who struggle everyday, live, work, love and dream. And I have been meeting marvellous people.
[In old Peshawar - photocredits: Amir Khan @KPtourism]
I come from Milan, where I support “The Citizens Foundation” (TCF), which is the reason why I am in Pakistan, actually. Thanks to this amazing organisation, I was given the chance to get to know this country, little by little, to discover its true face with its many different nuances and complexities, and its special beauty. It’s not just about external beauty. Alongside the wonderful palaces, mosques and walled cities and landscapes I am visiting, I am struck more and more by the beauty which originates from the hearts of the local people. The beauty of giving for the pleasure of giving. And this is a rare pearl which makes this country so special for me. I was gifted with this rare pearl in Peshawar too, and here even more precious.
We (my travel mate and I) have had the opportunity to visit the city according to two different perspectives, and both so great. First with some local friends, who picked us up from the bus station and took us to a wonderful rooftop terrace to view the city at sun set. Then, with the great Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Tourism Corporation team who led us in a wonderful tour of the old city, its main markets, Meena Bazaar, the archaeological site of Gor Khatri, Sethi Street and Sethi House, and then they also arranged for us a visit to the Takht-i-Bhai Buddhist Complex site in Mardan on the following day.
To walk through Peshawar's old streets and its shops is like jumping back to the past, yet all of it is relevant and functional in the present day. Its vibrant economic activities with, among the others, handicrafts, food outlets, jewellery shops, shoe makers, convey a peculiar and unique vitality. Often, during our walk, I had to look up at the facades of the houses, and I could find out that a sort of hidden, silent beauty, revealed itself little by little.
[In old Peshawar - photocredits: Amir Khan @KPtourism]
Peshawar reveals itself through contemplation and vibrant liveliness, I believe. Contemplation for the ancient inner beauty, its history and precious past, while sitting down for a moment, taking the time for tasting delicious green tea in local qehwa khana (tea place) in Namak Mandi (Salt Market). Vibrant liveliness while observing the economic and business activities which take place at every corner, street, road.
I wish to thank Atif Khan and his marvellous team for this great, unexpected gift and also all the people from Peshawar and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa whom we met during this journey.
I hope I will be able to give back such great a gift too, one day.
Peshawar is a city like no other city I have seen in Pakistan. It is said to be the oldest living city in South Asia and you can feel its historical character as you walk around the bazaar and discover hidden gems like ancient and beautiful Sethi House.
[details of inner courtyard of Sethi House - photo by Laura Notaro]
It was a pleasure to hang out with the Pekhawriyaan, or Peshawarites. Human relations were definitely an important part of my trip. I understood what people mean when they talk about the famous heart-warming hospitality of this area.
Here are a few things that Peshawar gave me: masheer machli, the best pulao, qehwa tea, or green tea, the smell of spices at Peepal Mandi, the wonders of the Gor Khatri archaeological site, good laughs (especially at my attempts at learning some words in Pashto), and the feeling that there will always be someone to welcome me when I come back (and feed me also!).
[ tasting delicious green tea in local kawa khana (tea place) in Namak Mandi (Salt Market). Photocredits D.B.]
The visit to Takht-I- Bhai was also something special. It was like being in a painting: ancient Buddhist monastery ruins in the beautiful mountains near Mardan.
[Buddhist Monastery ruins of Takht-I-Bhai - photo by Laura Notaro]
Can't wait to see more of Peshawar and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.
So long, dear new friends, so long.
Photocredits: Amir Khan @KPtourism; @LauraNotaro; D.B.
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World’s Top 5 Most Luxurious Hotels
We all deserve to be treated the best and to reach that level of struggle is the only way. Before we get there, let’s get to know about the place we are supposed to reach. We all have an idea about five-star hotels and the lavish treatment they provide. Staying in a rich hotel shows the richness of lifestyle. Here we are going to address some of the best hotels in the world.
Let’s get introduced to the stunning infrastructure, world-class amenities and fine dining facilities, luxury hotels offer an exceptional experience to the elite. There are many who want to explore such hotels and we would like to share the options so that you will keep them on your list. Let’s explore the world’s most luxurious hotels.
1. Mardan Palace, Turkey
Mardan Palace is a lavish hotel in Lara, Antalya that reportedly costs approximately $1.4 billion. This hotel is known as the most luxurious and expensive resort. Facilities provided by the hotel are a 12,000 sq ft spa, 4 aquariums, 5 acres of the pool plus a personal beach for the special guests and the sand is imported from Egypt. This could be a perfect deal for regular travelers wishing to combine comfort with luxury. This hotel includes velvet-lined furniture, exotic wood floors and marble bathroom interiors.
2. Burj Al Arab, Dubai
Dubai is world-famous for its beautiful infrastructure, so how can we miss one of the most luxurious and lavish hotels in the world, Burj Al Arab. We all have a little information about this hotel. This hotel was built to represent the sail of an Arabian dhow, the Burj Al Arab is the seventh tallest hotel in the world. It is so simple to guess that it is one of the most outrageously extravagant hotels in the world.
They have a different style of serving where they provide a pillow menu in which there are nine types of pillows for the guest to choose from, 24-carat gold leaf walls and full-sized Hermes amenities in every suite. The official rating of the hotel is 5 stars which can be considered the highest rating though it is widely considered as the seven stars hotel. This hotel provides the most royal service that the chauffeur-driven Rolls Royce comes to pick you up from the airport or wherever you are.
3. Atlantis Paradise, Bahamas
Atlantis Paradise is one of the most stunning hotels in the Caribbean, Atlantis island resort features 11 swimming pools, an amazing water park, an 18-hole golf course, a gym, a tennis court, 21 restaurants, a spa and even a Pilates and yoga studio. This hotel is a full package that provides you with family-friendly fun after dark nightlife. Doesn’t matter what mood you have or what kind of personality you have, this hotel will serve every need of yours unless it doesn’t harm anyone.
4. Emirates Palace, Abu Dhabi
This hotel is located in the heart of Abu Dhabi. Emirates Palace is a beautiful, golden exterior property that is overlooking the shores of the Arabian Gulf. They offer an array of worldwide delicious cuisines, 1.3km of personal beach land, a private marina and coral rooms that include garden views. This hotel has a different style of welcoming the guests. This hotel shows the authentic Arabian culture that is a testament to Abu Dhabi. By whopping the three-billion-dollar construction, it showcases Arabian culture to tourists from all over the world.
5. The Plaza, New York City
New York is the city that everyone wants to visit once in a lifetime. This city is known for its beauty and most of the people dream of visiting here.
This hotel is based in midtown Manhattan that is New York’s one of the most treasured landmarks since 1969. Guests from all over the world visit here and for over 100 years they have been serving the world with the same luxury. This hotel has guests from all over the world including celebrities from Hollywood royalty and world leaders.
Providing a luxurious backdrop for famous celebrities and guests can indulge in a huge five-star stay whilst being suitably situated near New York City Center, the Radio City Music Hall and Central Park.
These are the hotels that have the ability to make you feel amazed and give the experience of heaven. These hotels are called paradise on earth where one can actually be treated as if the god. We all have dreamt of these places and want to visit once. But, it is not possible for everyone to experience it. Satguru Travels have tried making it simple for the people by giving amazing deals over your stay at lavish hotels like one of these.
Satguru Travel and Tourism have a great experience of accomplishing the dreams of the travelers. By providing the best deals, Satguru travels make it possible for tourists to explore the beautiful countries of all over the world. If you also want to travel abroad for work or any other purpose like holidays, contact us now and get amazing deals.
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1910s BOLLYWOOD ! – INDIE’s TOP 50 FILMS OF 1910's BOLLYWOOD ! + TOP 10 ACTORS & ACTRESSES!
INDIE'S TOP 50 FILMS OF 1910'S BOLLYWOOD ! https://www.imdb.com/list/ls567832636/ The First steps for Bollywood in Film-making ! 'The Silent Film Era' ! Beginning with India's first indigenous film 'Shree Pundalik' (also called simply as 'Pundalik'), released on 18th May 1912, indigenous for being scripted, directed & acted on by a purely Indian team of Dadasaheb Ramchandra Gopal Torney, P.R.Tipnis, & N.G.Chitre. Though it's cinematographer & processing team being from England, creating a fiery debate among historians as to his claim to the title as India's first or pioneer film-maker. That honor going to Dhundiraj Govind Phalke aka Dadasaheb Phalke, one of the only 3 Indians really actively involved in movie-making in this decade, alone contributing more than 60% of the decade's film produce (aside 6 documentaries not included in below film list), beginning in 1913 via his historic & most famous (short, ~10 mins duration) film 'Raja Harishchandra'. The 2nd of this pioneering duo being the legendary S.N. Patankar, with 10 releases in this decade! Also with 3 records to his credit - India’s first historical ‘The Death of Narayanrao Peshwa’(1915), India’s fist ‘serial’ film - ‘Rama Vanvas’(1918), a 80 min film released in 4 parts, & India’s first theatre sound film, ‘Kacha Devyani’ (1919), basically a silent film but with orchestra playing in each theatre alongside ! The 3rd & other actively famous maker of the time, down South, R. Nataraja Mudaliar, with other 7 of 9 non-Phalke films inset. Note that running time of most, 40 or so films (barring exactly two handful where extending upto 40 mins) were not >10-12 mins, referred to as 'shorts' in film lingo. The 13 longer version (~40 mins duration) films (in order) being : 1. Lanka Dahan 2. Gopal Krishna 3. Draupadi Vastrapraharanam 4. Shri Krishna Janma 5. Kaliya Mardan 6. Bilwamangal 7. Satyawadi Raja Harishchandra 8. Mohini Bhasmasur 9. Satyavan Savitri 10. Tilak's Week 11. Keechaka Vadh 12. Mayilravana & 13. Mahiravana / Maruti Vijay. Also, this the first of 2 'silent era' decades, language of subtitles in almost all Phalke films being Marathi, is overlooked, for purpose of this Indie documentation. Here it is! 👇
1. .Lanka Dahan (17)
2. .The Death of Narayanrao Peshwa (15)
3. .Gopal Krishna (15)
4. .Draupadi Vastrapaharanam (18)
5. .Kacha Devayani (19)
6. .Shri Krishna Janma (18) (longer version)
7. .Kaliya Mardan
8. .Pithache Panje
9. .Dhandal Bhatjiche Gangasnan
10. .Kartiki Purnima Utsav
11. .Shri Krishna Janma (18) (short)
12. .Agkadyanchi Mouj
13. .Bilwamangal / Bhagat Soordas
14. .Satyavadi Raja Harishchandra (17)
15. .Mohini Bhasmasur (13)
16. .Satyavan Savitri (14)
17. .Shree Pundalik
18. .Tilak’s Week
19. .Ankurachi Wadh
20. .Mavilka
21. .Scenes of the River Godavari
22. .Laxmicha galicha
23. .Gajandravancha Swapna Vihar / Mr. Sleepy’s Good Luck
24. .Narasinh Avtar (19)
25. .Talegaoncha Kach Karkhana
26. .Mayil Ravana / Maitreya Vijayam
27. .Kabir Kamal (19)
28. .Ram Vanvas aka Exile of Rama (18)
29. .Bhakt Pralhad (17)
30. .Keechaka Vadh
31. .Mahiravan / Maruti Vijay
32. .Prahlad Charitra (16)
33. .Mahiravan (short)
34. .Raja Shriyal (18)
35. .Jaimini
36. .Birth of a Pea Plant
37. .Chitrapat kase tayar kartat
38. .Dhumrapaan Leela
39. .Raja Harishchandra
40. .Shivleela
41. .Satyavan Savitri
42. .Nasik Trimbak Yethil Dekhave
43. .The Dreamland of Ganjandrao
44. .Putra Labha
45. .Khod Modli
46. .Chandraha
47. .Swapna Vihar
48. .Soulagnarasa
49. .Kelphanchya Jadu
50. .Vyas
________________________________
1910's TOP 10 ACTORS : https://www.imdb.com/list/ls567839531/ 1. .Anna Salunke 2. .Bhalachandra D. Phalke 3. .R. Nataraja Mudaliar 4. .Dorabji Mewawala 5. .G. V. Sane 6. .D. D. Dabke 7. .P. G. Sane 8. .Ganpat G. Shinde 9. .Purushottam Vaidya 10. .Subramanya Naidu 11. .Neelkanth _______________________________
1910s TOP 10 ACTRESSES : https://www.imdb.com/list/ls567839747/ 1. .Kamlabai Gokhale 2. .Mandakini Phalke 3. .Gohar Mamajiwala 4. .Violet Berry 5. .Durgabai Kamat 6. .Mrs. Gaharjan 7. .Bhagirathibai 8. .Mrs. Savaria 9. .Violchana
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Jhumpa-Odisha
Jhumpa Folk music of Ganjam district Jhumpa is a traditional musical instrument. In addition, the songs sung are called jhumpa music. Jhumpa is a traditional music of Nayagarh and Ganjam districts of Odisha Musical instruments. It was first started in the eighteenth century by the poet Baldev Rath. According to the main instrument used in it, 'Jhumpa', it is Jhumpa Music is called. The rare instrument is made from the bark of the May or Vendiamardhan tree in the Khandapada area of Nayagarh, while in the Digapahandi area of Ganjam. Made of bamboo. History Poet Surya Baldev Rath (14-165) was the first to introduce jhumpa music in the late eighteenth century. Kari has now spread the word in Aathgad in Cuttack district. Jumping music He also composed the first songs. All the jhumpa composed by Baldev Rath was not found now, but Kulmani The "Poems of the Sun", edited by Das, contains three Jhumpas. These were- Small jhumpa, Nialigava jhumpa and Jaiful jhumpa. Jhumpas spread in the area after the poet came from Aathgad to Nayagarh. In the fragmentary gorge Due to the king's interest in music, jhumpa developed in the area. The original Jhumpa music written by the poet Sun. In the first half of the twentieth century, the poet and scholar Gadadhar Singhsamanta (world famous) Jyotirvidha Pathani Samanta's middle son) composed many hymns and continued this tradition. Increased. Famous under the royal patronage in Dashpalla, Ranpur, Paralakhemundi, Badamba etc. He gained the respect of folk songs. Now it is almost extinct. Yet to preserve this folk art Some of the artists in the piece continue their efforts. The country was fragmented before and after independence Harihar Singh Mardaraja, the late King Saheb, was also a fan and a patron of the arts. Was. Keshari Udayanath Rathsharma, a famous singer from Kumbarpada village in Khandapada area, died after Gadadhar Singhsamanta. He also composed a number of jhumpa songs. Rathsharma's drumming is in various parts of the state He is best known for his songs. As a musician, both the poet Baldev Rath and Gadadhar Singhasamanta are veterans of Odissi music, so the Jhumpa music is composed in pure Odissi ragas. Appears to be done. Ghantarab, Ahari, Bhairavi, etc. are some of the traditional Odissi raga jhumpas. One of the songs Special tones are observed, and in addition the occasional rhyming words 'Dhenakhita Dhenakhita Dhenakhita Ta, Ta Dhenakhita', etc. It is pronounced in a special way. All of these specifics are a hallmark of jhumpa music. Jhumpa Jhumpa Mai or Vendia is a musical instrument made of Mardan tree. This is because of the fact that the music used in it is jumbled Music is called. The instrument is made of bamboo in the Digapahandi area of Ganjam. The two sides of the jumper are tied with ropes and hung. This process is called "jumping" and for this reason it is called jumping music. Construction On the morning of the Jhumpa music festival, eight to ten young men set out in the morning with eight to ten hand-to-hand ropes and sticks. All day long In the woods, an eight-hundred-foot-tall tree with branches and bundles, or a wendy mound, is added. The branches from the branches of the tree are cut off. The bark of the tree is then cut around. The seeds of the tree are like that. The young men twist the bark of the tree by tying it to a rope. In this way When the bark of the tree is turned upside down, the bark comes out of the tree, and the bark comes out of the tree. Immediately different leaves of the forest It is filled with holes. Season In the rainy season, the bark is easily removed due to the salivary part of the tree bark. So the rainy season is the perfect time for music. Jumpa in other seasons The trunks of the trees are cut down from the forest to make them. The wood in the middle of the trunk is pulled out with ropes and sticks. In the past, the king When the emperors went to a forest feast, they sang jhumpa. Play Where music is scheduled to take place, whether under a tree or on a music pavilion, the jhumpati is tied to a rope. Jhumpar is a relatively thin person Standing or sitting on one side. In the middle of the music, the slightest pull of the drum towards your stomach produces a strange sound. Eight to ten people write two The other two on small bamboo sticks play the drums to the beat of "Tarikhita Takjhina" on both sides. In some places, brass bands are attached to the ends of the sticks. One or two sing. A drum machine is destroyed in one or two episodes. He listens day and night without knowing it. Later, the harpists, harpsichord, flute, flute, harp, harp, and drums were also performed. Sometimes The boys also take part. Maintenance Gradually the jumble of music became rare due to a lack of listeners. Currently, there are 10-15 jhumpa players in Khandapada, Nayagarh district, the birthplace of Gadadhar Singhsamanta. But there are 3-4 drummers. Similarly, 30-60 Jhumpa musicians live in Digapahandi, the birthplace of the poet. Therefore, the maintenance of this music The Government of India and the Government of Odisha
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Kirman
“Kirman town and the surrounding province are among the few areas for which we have information beyond the occasional remarks and observations left by passing travelers or the formulaic capsule written from the perspective of the court—which typically refers to the appointment of an official or his dismissal for “disobedience.” From the reign of Shah Safi until 1693, the region’s vicissitudes are covered in a rare provincial chronicle, the Tazkirah-i Safaviyah-i Kirman. For the period after the 1660s, we have extensive documentation from the Dutch sources, with Armenian VOC agents reporting on the city’s trade and politics.
Kirman had been a stronghold of the Afshar since early Safavid times The Afshar retained their hold on the region until Shah `Abbas I brought down the formidable Biktash Khan, who had expanded his power beyond Kirman to Yazd, after which he set his sights on Fars as well. `Abbas, determined to bring down the Afshar, moved a large number of Kurds to the area, appointing one of them, Ganj `Ali Khan, a trusted official, as its governor. In 1618 Qandahar was added to Ganj `Ali Khan’s domain. Upon his death in 1624, he was succeeded by his son, `Ali Mardan Khan. Both oversaw a huge area, all the way from Qandahar to Nayriz and from Birjand as far as Minab, about one million square kilometers in all.
The case of Kirman reminds us that it is hazardous to extrapolate from individual examples, however well documented, to conclude that the entire south went into decline following the death of Shah `Abbas I. Bastani-Parizi argues that from the reign of Shah `Abbas I no more good governors were sent to Kirman and that the appointees had far more limited financial and military jurisdiction than their predecessors. Other changes he sees as detrimental to conditions in Kirman include the extraction of local wealth by way of taxes, confiscation, and forced provisioning, an increase in clerical interference in local politics, growing intolerance vis-à-vis minorities, especially the Zoroastrians, and the religious tensions that came with an influx of large numbers of (Sunni) Kurds.
These trends are unmistakable in the long term, yet for decades after Shah `Abbas I’s reign the province continued to prosper. Several caravanserais were constructed in Kirman in the mid-seventeenth century. Responding to growing local demand, the city’s pottery industry saw an increase in production as of the 1660s. Kirman also drew outside commercial attention in the same period on account of its famous goat’s wool. The VOC and EIC, looking to expand their business in Iran, in the 1650s entered the trade in Kirman goat’s-hair (kurk) fleeces, which were produced in the region of Rayin and locally used for the manufacture of precious shawls. In 1656, a Dutch private merchant sought to invest the profit he had made selling cloth to buy kurk. A year or two later, the VOC decided to try its hand at the trade and sent an assistant merchant to Kirman. Both the VOC and the EIC were usually represented locally by Armenian brokers. Purchasing and handling kurk presented the Europeans with many problems concerning price and quality; yet, with interruptions, they would stay on in Kirman doing business long after the end of Safavid rule.
Several governors in this period are also said to have ruled benevolently and to good effect. These include Jani Khan Shamlu, who in the spring of 1637 became qurchibashi as well as governor of Kirman. He seems to have performed well in the latter function, even though he was mostly an absentee governor who let himself be represented by his brother, Ulugh Khan. Mashizi, for one, lauds Kirman’s stability and prosperity in this period and the good care Jani Khan took of the peasants. Another governor who worked to enhance the city’s well-being rather than to line his own pockets was `Abbas Quli Khan. Appointed in 1653, he built qanats and constructed caravanserais. Many people flocked to Kirman town and numerous houses were built while he was in power, so that his benevolent rule was remembered long after his death.
Conditions in Kirman seem to have deteriorated only in the second half of the century, following the region’s conversion to khassah land. Jani Khan’s demise in 1645 and the death of his brothers, Ulugh Khan and Qara Khan, entailed the confiscation of all his assets, including his landholdings in Kirman and Hamadan. As Kirman was turned into crown domain, Isfahan began to interfere in local affairs without being familiar with these, and especially with the life-giving qanat system. The absence of responsible landowners made the agricultural yield fall. Ultimately, this destroyed the inherently fragile equilibrium of an environment in which the effects of frequent drought and famine could only be countered through judicious management of resources Trade seems to have diminished in volume. Tavernier claimed that traffic on the caravan route through Qandahar had fallen off by the 1650s compared with previous times.
The situation became particularly acute under Shaykh `Ali Khan, with his fervent attempts to increase central control and fiscal revenue. In 1671, the position of hakim was downgraded to that of vizier, presumably to curb autonomous tendencies. Shaykh `Ali Khan began to interfere not just in the choice of the city’s vizier, but also in the appointment of its other high functionaries, from the kalantar to the darughah and the mustawfi. Worse, under his administration Kirman was flooded with Kurdish officials connected to him, men who were obviously unfamiliar with the city and its ways. Shaykh `Ali Khan also sent to Kirman a stream of tax collectors and officials charged with the investigation of crimes. The town’s Zoroastrian inhabitants, in particular, suffered from increasingly onerous imposts, including the jiz´ya,poll tax, prompting them to file repeated complaints in Isfahan. All of this created conflict between the various constituent groups in the city: between ethnic “Iranians,” who were mostly Shi`i, and Kurds, who were predominantly Sunni; and between local Muslims and Zoroastrians. Conditions in the city worsened to the point where thieves and robbers roamed freely in the streets, forcing people to organize their own neighborhood watches. Tensions between the religious and civil authorities, involving the shaykh al-islam, the second most prominent official after the vizier and a local magistrate with landholdings in Bam, exacerbated the situation. Muzaffar Husayn, the incumbent of the hereditary post of shaykh al-islam, was a venal type who enriched himself at the expense of the common people. He also got on badly with the vizier, the kalantar, and other local officials. In 1676, Muzaffar Husayn became embroiled in a conflict with the vizier, Hatim Beg, causing the latter to try and oust him through slander. Muzaffar Husayn also schemed against the sadr-i mamalik, who was married to an aunt of the shah, associating this religious official with a portrait that depicted Sulayman as a donkey. He was found out and exiled to Shiraz, but managed to stage a comeback with the assistance of Shaykh `Ali Khan, as a result of which the vizier of Kirman was put under arrest and his goods were confiscated. The shaykh al-islam, meanwhile, was rehabilitated.
In 1690, Mirza Tahir Vahid succeeded Shaykh `Ali Khan as grand vizier. With his appointment came an order to investigate Kirman’s account books and the need to select a new governor. Yet several years went by before Shah Virdi Khan was appointed, chosen from a pool of five candidates. This delay corresponded to the time it had taken Tahir Vahid himself to succeed Shaykh `Ali Khan, and reflects administrative paralysis as much as efforts to cut costs. Unsurprisingly, the resulting power vacuum created a decline in administrative order and safety. Matters became so dire that the officials of the vizier no longer dared to go into the bazaar or the alleys. The shah thereupon consulted with Tahir Vahid so that finally, after four years of pleading and bribery, the appointment of Shah Virdi Khan as vizier of Kirman was approved in May of 1693. Kirman’s proximity to the eastern border zone created additional problems. The city served as a jumping-off point for the repeated campaigns that the Safavid army undertook against the Mughals and, with increasing frequency, against the Baluchis of Kitch and Makran. Each time the region was called upon to fulfill its tax obligation by provisioning troops and supplying resources in the form of cereals, lead, and gunpowder. Regional alliances grew weaker, too. The tyrannical behavior of Kirman’s darughah, Mansur Khan, alienated the rulers of Bam, who were vital to the defense of the hinterland of Baluchistan, stretching all the way to Qandahar.
Chardin tells the story of Jamshid Khan, the qullar-aqasi, a favorite of the shah and very cunning, who set out to recruit troops against the Mughals shortly after he had successfully schemed to be appointed governor of Qandahar and military commander (sardar) in the early reign of the shah, having fostered rumors about an impending Indian attack. After arriving in Qandahar he began to behave as a despot, causing alarming reports to reach Isfahan. He next made the mistake of demanding a girl in marriage from an unnamed local Baluchi ruler, who happened to be tributary to Isfahan. When the ruler refused, Jamshid invited him to a banquet and had him killed during the course of it. Chardin claims that 300 Iranians and 700–800 Baluchis perished in the ensuing battles. During the final years of Sulayman’s reign, the long-term repercussions of these developments became fully apparent. Roads became unsafe. In 1673 the governor of Qandahar, Zal Khan, was put on trial for being an accomplice to the robbery of a caravan crossing his territory, an incident in which millions had been lost. Not just moving caravans but villages and oases became the target of highway robbers and roaming bands of Baluchi tribesmen. Recurrent droughts may have driven the nomadic forces into settled territory. The first of these struck in 1652; the next occurred in 1666, to be followed by another in 1677. In 1689 the region experienced its first major Baluchi attack, directed against the town of Khabis. A year later the Afghans staged their first raids into the area, robbing a caravan coming from Isfahan. In October 1691 the Baluchis attacked Kubnan and Zarand. More than 200 people were killed in the various skirmishes. In late 1692 a Baluchi chieftain named Pur Dil Khan attacked Rudbar, plundering its inhabitants. When he realized that the central government lacked the resources to resist him, he threatened to move on and lay siege to Kirman itself, demanding 5,000 tumans, one for each of his warriors, as the price for desisting. In Isfahan, little serious attention seems to have been given to these threats. Local leaders, left to their own devices, therefore entered into their own negotiations with the Baluchis. The ruler of Rayin, Giyas al-Din Mansur, fearing that his town would become the next target and despairing of any assistance from Kirman, engaged in talks with Pur Dil Khan. He saved his own city from assault and persuaded the Baluchi chief not to attack Kirman either. Not only did the central government neglect to mobilize an adequate force to counter the Baluchis and the Afghans but, in a reflection of the lamentable state of the administration, officials did their best to hush up the various incidents. Local authorities falsely claimed that Pur Dil Khan and his son had written a letter stating that if Isfahan would recognize them as leaders of the Baluchis they would take responsibility for regional security.”
- Rudi Matthee, Persia in Crisis: Safavid Decline and the Fall of Isfahan. London: I. B. Tauris, 2012. pp. 159-163.
#دودمان صفوی#safavids#safavid iran#kirman#local government#khassah#caravanserais#qanats#fiefdoms#sources of revenue#methods of rule#lpcal rule#wool#wool trade#state revenues#darughah#zoroastrians#kurds#baluchis#safavid persia#history of iran#iranian history#sardar#rudi matthee#academic quote#hamadan#royal court#grand vizier#qurchibashi
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With the compliments of, The Directorate General Public Relations,
Government of the Punjab, Lahore Ph: 99201390.
No.1577/QU/Mujahid
HANDOUT (A)
SAMIULLAH CHAUDHRY MPA CALLS ON CM PUNJAB
LAHORE, September 24:
Samiullah Chaudhry MPA called on Chief Minister Punjab Sardar Usman Buzdar at his office to discuss different matters.
The CM repeated that the development of Bahawalpur is an important agenda adding that the foundation stone of the south Punjab secretariat in Bahawalpur will be laid early. I do not believe in the one-man show as the past and decisions are made with consultations; he said and maintained that every promise has been fulfilled by the government. I take everybody along; he asserted and maintained that the intention of the government was in the right direction. Meanwhile, the defeated elements have resorted to conspiracies from the day first but their every effort has failed due to the people-centric politics, he said. Those engaged in leveling baseless allegations have no future and the propagandists should realize that people cannot be served with hollow slogans, concluded the CM.
** **
No.1578/QU/Mujahid
HANDOUT (A)
CM CONDOLES DEATH OF ACTOR TALAT IQBAL
LAHORE, September 24:
Chief Minister Punjab Sardar Usman Buzdar has condoled the death of famous actor Talat Iqbal and termed him a versatile actor whose TV dramas are still popular. In a statement, the CM extended sympathies to the heirs and prayed to Almighty Allah to rest the departed soul in eternal peace.
** **
No. 1579/QU/Mujahid
HANDOUT (A)
LALA MUHAMMAD TAHIR RANDHAWA MPA CALLS ON CM PUNJAB
LAHORE, September 24:
Layyah's MPA Lala Muhammad Tahir Randhawa called on Chief Minister Punjab Sardar Usman Buzdar at his office to expound on the development schemes.
The CM pointed out that a comprehensive development package has been framed for every backward district and added that elevation of Chowk Azam as tehsil will be reviewed. Work is in progress to carve out new districts and tehsils while a universal health coverage program has been initiated in Layyah which is a great boon for the impecunious strata. The parliamentarians are my lieutenants and no one will be allowed to hinder the solution of genuine problems, he emphasized. The people of Layyah were beguiled through tall claims but the incumbent government will fulfill the agenda of composite development by spending resources on the development of deprived areas, he continued. Deprivations of the people were compounded due to the past government's apathetic attitude but the incumbent government has extended the composite development process to all such backward areas, the CM concluded.
** **
No.1581/QU/Mujahid
HANDOUT (A)
PARLIAMENTARIANS CALL ON CM PUNJAB
LAHORE, September 24:
Provincial Minister Nauman Langrial, MPAs Abdul Haye Dasti and Kh. Dawood Sulemani met with Chief Minister Punjab Sardar Usman Buzdar at his office to discuss their constituency related problems.
Talking on this occasion, the CM stated that his doors are open to all, adding that PTI is fully united under the leadership of PM Imran Khan. Politics of revenge is not a policy of the government and no injustice will ever be done with anybody, he maintained. We all belong to Tehrik-i-Insaf and fully believe in the dispensation of justice, he continued.
The CM regretted that the opposition tried to score points and pointed out that its three-year record is contrary to the national interest. In fact, the opposition parties have wreaked havoc with the national interest on every occasion, the CM concluded.
Minister Nauman Langrial said that parliamentarians will remain united. Abdul Haye Dasti said Usman Buzdar has always listened to the parliamentarians and he is their chief minister. Dawood Sulemani reposed full trust over the leadership of CM Usman Buzdar.
*****
No.1582/QU/Mujahid
HANDOUT (A)
CM CONDOLES DEATH OF LT GEN (R) ASHFAQ NADEEM
LAHORE, September 24:
Chief Minister Punjab Sardar Usman Buzdar has condoled the death of Lt Gen (R) Ashfaq Nadeem. In a statement, the CM extended sympathies to the bereaved heirs and prayed to Almighty Allah to rest the departed soul in eternal peace.
** **
No.1583/QU/Umer
HANDOUT (A)
CM SEEKS REPORT FROM RPO SHEIKHUPURA
LAHORE, September 24:
Chief Minister Punjab Sardar Usman Buzdar has sought a report from RPO Sheikhupura about an incident of torturing and unleashing dogs on the polio team by housing scheme staff and a house owner of SA Garden Housing Scheme. The police have arrested house owner Adil Ejaz, employees Kazim Abbas and Tauqeer Abbas after registration of the case against them. The CM has termed the incident highly condemnable, as well as intolerable, and directed to take special measures to protect polio teams. He has also directed strict action against the accused.
*****
No.1584/QU/Umer
HANDOUT (A)
CM CHAIRS 7TH WALLED CITY OF LAHORE AUTHORITY MEETING TO REVIEW PROGRESS
LAHORE, September 24:
Chief Minister Punjab Sardar Usman Buzdar chaired the 7th meeting of the Walled City of Lahore Authority at his office to review progress.
The meeting was told that a ceremony will be held in Lahore in November to declare Lahore and Baku city of Azerbaijan as twin cities. The establishment of the heritage institute was approved in principle along with the approval of extension in the contract of DG WCLA Kamran Lashari. The meeting reviewed implementation on the master conservation plan and deliberated upon proposals to shift the rim market outside the city.
Three years performance report was presented before the meeting and DG WCLA Kamran Lashari briefed that six projects have been completed while ten other projects valuing Rs. 50 crore are under completion adding that four projects are in progress including restoration of dilapidated historic buildings of the walled city. The drainage system has been restored with four billion rupees with assistance from France and WCLA will also carry out historic buildings’ restoration projects in Zhob, Mardan and Muzaffarabad, he added.
Chief Secretary, ACS, chairperson heritage conservation board of WCLA Yousaf Salahuddin, commissioner Lahore, secretaries of auqaf and information departments, consultant of Aga Khan Cultural Services Pakistan and others attended the meeting.
The meeting made an in-principle decision to bring Badshahi Mosque under the purview of WCLA. The CM gave in-principle approval to restore the historic grandeur of Bhatti Gate adding that WCLA will revamp Badshahi Mosque, Bibi Pak Daman, Hazrat Bahauddin Zakariya, Hazrat Shah Rukan-e-Alam, Hazrat Shah Shams Tabrez and Khawaja Ghulam Fareed. Similarly, historic worship places, including that of minority communities, will also be restored in different cities by the WCLA. It will carry out Dilkash City in Lahore, Bahawalpur, Multan, Muridke and Faisalabad while historic Bradley Hall in Lahore and Barkat Ali Khan Hall will be opened after necessary repair work. The CM directed to take steps for opening Roshnai Gate to the public and further directed to restore the hundred-year-old building of DC office Sargodha. The restoration work on the mausoleum of Mir Chakar Azam Rind in Okara be expedited and the park, museum and shops be established around it, he added.
*****
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❇️Minerals: Imperial Topaz on Matrix ❇️Cabinet small size: H 6.8x W 4.6x D 4cm Xl:3.5x1.5x1cm Weight:88grams Sr#19 (Collection box) ❇️Locality: Shamozo Mine , Katlang valley , Mardan District , Kpk province , Pakistan 🇵🇰 ( found April 2021) ❇️Description: What an extremely fine, gem crystal of "Imperial" Topaz ON MATRIX from Katlang valley famous locality for pink and imperial topaz ! This is THE classic and historic locality for these prized and distinctly colored Topaz crystals that are more abundant as single crystals and rarely found on matrix. This piece is exceptional in that it's not just "matrix", the 3.5 cm long crystal , mostly limpid Topaz is emplaced on a well-formed, tabular, calcite Matrix but also beautiful imperial colour with a perfect surface and termination ! This notable Imperial Topaz specimen speaks for itself: sublime golden sherry color with a touch of pink colour with a vitreous luster, a perfect termination on one end and placement on a very well balanced Matrix ! The crystal faces on the Topaz are lustrous with sharp edges and absolutely perfect termination without any damage at all and no repair . A rare and well composed piece extremely difficult to find in such colour and clarity with such sharpness and remarkable aesthetics which speaks for it self and very reasonable price . (Return Accepted) (at Peshawar, Pakistan) https://www.instagram.com/p/CRJ31T9B3NT/?utm_medium=tumblr
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COVID19 Updates: 04/30/2021
UK: UK rate of Indian Covid variant spikes EIGHT-FOLD in a fortnight as cases surge to 400 and PHE confirms there are THREE types of the strain LINK
UK: Councils hiring Covid marshalls to enforce rules into 2022One contract even comes with a possible extension to 2023 LINK
Uganda: Uganda has detected the Indian variant of the novel coronavirus, igniting fears the nation could suffer a resurgence of cases
Ukraine: Ukraine will impose an entry ban on non-nationals arriving from India from May 2;
Australia: Australian government may make it a crime for citizens to return from Covid-ravaged countries LINK
India: NEW: India reports more than 390,000 coronavirus cases in one day for the first time, with a few states yet to report
Pakistan: COVID positivity rate in Pakistan based on cities during the last 24 hours. Mardan: 35.40% Hyderabad: 30.45% Peshawar: 22.61% Lahore: 17.39% Muzaffarabad: 17.01% Bahawalpur: 15.50% Quetta: 12.35% Multan: 11.54% Karachi: 10.81% Faisalabad: 8.82% Islamabad: 8.82% Overall: 9.62%
India: Mumbai closes Covid vaccine centers as India's health services buckleThe country’s healthcare system has reached a “breaking point,” India’s Supreme Court said. LINK
US: BREAKING: U.S. will deny entry to most foreigners who stayed in India in the last 14 days - Reuters
NYC: *NYC INDOOR DINING TO EXPAND TO 75% CAPACITY STARTING MAY 7. BREAKING MORE: Also on 5/7: hair salons, barber shops & personal care services expand to 75% capacity Effective 5/15: #NYC gyms/fitness expand to 50% capacity #nbc4ny
India: India ICU Chief Calls COVID Situation 'Nothing Short of an Apocalypse' as Thousands Die Per Day: Newsweek LINK
India: UPDATE: India reports 401,911 new coronavirus cases, by far the biggest one-day increase on record, and 3,521 new deaths
Brazil: Demonstrators have laid hundreds of body bags on Brazil’s most famous beach in protest as the country’s Covid death toll hit 400,000 and anger at president Jair Bolsonaro grew;
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Famous Industrial Organization Jobs 2020 for Manager Administration in Mardan Latest Famous Industrial Organization Jobs 2020 for Manager Administration in Mardan Latest The Famous Industrial Organization Jobs 2020 for Manager Administration in Mardan Latest published in Jang Newspaper on 13 Dec 2020 & Last Date to Apply is 21 Dec 2020.
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