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realtalk-tj · 6 years ago

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can u guys list the topics taught in ap physics or send like a link to the syllabus (i couldnt find it online? i wanna know what topics are taught in the class.

Response from Flitwick:

Sure! I’ll even do you one better - I’m breaking down topics by quarter, listing some details on some of the stuff covered within each unit, and to this post, I’ll attach someone else’s study guide that I found relatively useful for a read, at the very least.

First Quarter:

Calculus - not the entirety of BC, obviously, but just enough so you can differentiate and do a bit of integration. This is done in the context of the following bullet point...

Kinematics - Describe the motion of objects! Understand that position, velocity, acceleration are vectors, and know how to describe common types of motion such as projectile motion, circular motion (uniform, non-uniform coming later), and simple harmonic.

Forces - Understand Newton’s Laws, especially the Second Law, and use a systematic method to analyze the actions of the forces acting on an object (or multiple objects!). Know the most common types of forces - tension, friction, gravitational, normal, restorative (spring), drag, etc.

If you make it here, you’ve gotten over the steepest part of the learning curve for AP Physics, in my opinion. But it doesn’t really get any easier...

Second Quarter: This part of the course is all about conserved quantities. (done in some order, because the physics dept. seems to be changing around the way they do these units...)

Linear Momentum - Understand what it is (and I like to think of it as what force delivers from object to object), under what conditions it is conserved, and use that to solve problems. Discuss the center of mass and the center of mass frame. Usually, a discussion about rockets and collisions (elastic vs. inelastic).

Energy - Learn about conservative forces, potential energy, and generally, the conservation of mechanical energy. Understand the Work-Energy Theorem and what work is. Use the conservation of energy to simplify your analysis of easy problems(!!) and solve difficult problems.

Rotation and Angular Momentum - Understand how to describe the rotation of an object (up to constant angular acceleration). Describe rotational equivalents of stuff in all the previous units, including torque, angular momentum, and rotational kinetic energy. Understand what the moment of inertia of a rigid body is and how to calculate it.

Gravitation - Kind of a side topic, but also kind of invokes all the previous units, and is a good lead-up into E&M. Study Kepler’s Laws and Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation, understand what they mean, and calculate stuff from them. Calculate gravitational fields using Universal Gravitation and superposition (integrating).

Third Quarter: Electromagnetism makes an entrance...

Electrostatics - Learn about electric charge, and how they are sources/sinks of electric fields. Calculate electric fields using superposition and Coulomb’s inverse square law, and take shortcuts using symmetry and Gauss’ Law. Incorporate this knowledge with mechanical applications. Describe what electric potential is, and understand what are equipotentials and why they are special.

Conductors/Circuits - Understand what a conductor is, and what properties they have in a steady state. Learn about the property of capacitance, and understand how to calculate it for a parallel plate capacitor (and other special setups). Understand Ohm’s Law (including in the differential form) and how you can use it to describe resistance, current, voltage. Combine this with Kirchoff’s Loop Rules (essentially glorified conservation of energy/charge) to analyze basic circuits.

Fourth Quarter:

Conductors/Circuits - Learn about time-dependent circuit problems, most notably RC circuits, and then later RL and LC circuits. Understand how capacitors store energy. Use Kirchoff’s Rules more and analyze more complex circuits, and answer more difficult questions with a more qualitative/intuitive understanding of what goes on in a circuit.

Magnetism - Learn about the Lorentz Force Law, and how magnetic fields apply a force on a charge, but DON’T actually do work to the charge. Understand that magnetic fields always form closed loops and that we can calculate their strength using the Biot-Savart Law or take a shortcut with Ampere’s Law. Know how to apply Faraday-Lenz to bring back (magnetic) flux. Look at the solenoid as a case study as an inductor, and understand the property of inductance.

There’s usually some extra stuff that the AP teachers like to do, like correcting Ampere’s Law to assemble all four of Maxwell’s equations for you to finish off the year, and then have some AP review. I’ve heard in past years they even do some special relativity if they have time, but often they do some sort of project to end the year.

As promised, a link to someone else’s study guide for AP Physics that I kind of like/is useful, even if it’s got some errors and looks kinda scuffed: https://www.facebook.com/groups/316519978541744/permalink/924092767784459/

Good luck in AP Physics next year! It’s a tough class, and I hope you can get through it :)

#AP Physics

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siva3155 · 5 years ago

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300+ TOP MAGNETISM & ELECTROMAGNETISM Multiple choice Questions and Answers

MAGNETISM and ELECTROMAGNETISM Questions :-

1. Tesla is a unit of (a) field strength (b) inductance (c) flux density (d) flux Ans: c 2. A permeable substance is one (a) which is a good conductor (6) which is a bad conductor (c) which is a strong magnet (d) through which the magnetic lines of force can pass very easily Ans: d 3. The materials having low retentivity are suitable for making (a) weak magnets (b) temporary magnets (c) permanent magnets (d) none of the above Ans: b 4. A magnetic field exists around (a) iron (b) copper (c) aluminium (d) moving charges Ans: d 5. Ferrites are materials. (a) paramagnetic (b) diamagnetic (c) ferromagnetic (d) none of the above Ans: c 6. Air gap has_______eluctance as compared to iron or steel path (a) little (b) lower (c) higher (d) zero Ans: b 7. The direction of magnetic lines of force is (a) from south pole to north pole (b) from north pole to south pole (c) from one end of the magnet to another (d) none of the above Ans: b 8. Which of the following is a vector quantity ? (a) Relative permeability (b) Magnetic field intensity (c) Flux density (d) Magnetic potential Ans: b 9. The two conductors of a transmission line carry equal current I in opposite directions. The force on each conductor is (a) proportional to 7 (b) proportional to X (c) proportional to distance between the conductors (d) inversely proportional to I Ans: b 10. A material which is slightly repelled by a magnetic field is known as (a) ferromagnetic material (b) diamagnetic material (c) paramagnetic material (d) conducting material Ans: b 11. When an iron piece is placed in a magnetic field (a) the magnetic lines of force will bend away from their usual paths in order to go away from the piece (b) the magnetic lines of force will bend away from their usual paths in order to pass through the piece (c) the magnetic field will not be affected (d) the iron piece will break Ans: b 12. Fleming's left hand rule is used to find (a) direction of magnetic field due to current carrying conductor (b) direction of flux in a solenoid (c) direction of force on a current carrying conductor in a magnetic field (d) polarity of a magnetic pole Ans: c 13. The ratio of intensity of magnetisation to the magnetisation force is known as (a) flux density (b) susceptibility (c) relative permeability (d) none of the above Ans: b 14. Magnetising steel is normals difficult because (a) it corrodes easily (6) it has high permeability (c) it has high specific gravity (d) it has low permeability Ans: d 15. The left hand rule correlates to (a) current, induced e.m.f. and direction of force on a conductor (b) magnetic field, electric field and direction of force on a conductor (c) self induction, mutual induction and direction of force on a conductor (d) current, magnetic field and direction of force on a conductor Ans: d 16. The unit of relative permeability is (a) henry/metre (b) henry (c) henry/sq. m (d) it is dimensionless Ans: d 17. A conductor of length L has current I passing through it, when it is placed parallel to a magnetic field. The force experienced by the conductor will be (a) zero (b) BLI (c) B2LI (d) BLI2 Ans: a 18. The force between two long parallel conductors is inversely proportional to (a) radius of conductors (b) current in one conductor (c) product of current in two conductors (d) distance between the conductors Ans: d 19. Materials subjected to rapid reversal of magnetism should have (a) large area oiB-H loop (b) high permeability and low hysteresis loss (c) high co-ercivity and high retentivity (d) high co-ercivity and low density Ans: b 20. Indicate which of the following material does not retain magnetism permanently. (a) Soft iron (b) Stainless steel (e) Hardened steel (d) None of the above Ans: a 21. The main constituent of permalloy is (a) cobalt (b) chromium (c) nickel (d) tungsten Ans: c 22. The use of permanent magnets is. not made in (a) magnetoes (6) energy meters (c) transformers (d) loud-speakers Ans: c 23. Paramagnetic materials have relative permeability (a) slightly less than unity (b) equal to unity (c) slightly more than unity (d) equal to that ferromagnetic mate rials Ans: c 24. Degaussing is the process of (a) removal of magnetic impurities (b) removing gases from the materials (c) remagnetising metallic parts (d) demagnetising metallic parts Ans: 25. Substances which have permeability less than the permeability of free space are known as (a) ferromagnetic (b) paramagnetic (c) diamagnetic (d) bipolar Ans: c 26. Two infinitely long parallel conductors in vacuum any separated 1 metre between centers >then a current of 1 ampere flows the. uk each conductor, produce on each other a force of (a) 2 x 1(T2 N/m) (b) 2 x KT3 N/m (c) 2 x 10"5 N/m (d) 2x 1(T7 N/m) Ans: d 27. In the left hand rule, forefinger always represents (a) voltage (b) current (c) magnetic field (d) direction of force on the conductor Ans: c 28. Which of the following is a ferromagnetic material ? (a) Tungsten (b) Aluminium (c) Copper (d) Nickel Ans: d 29. Ferrites are a sub-group of (a) non-magnetic materials (6) ferro-magnetic materials (c) paramagnetic materials (d) ferri-magnetic materials Ans: d 30. Gilbert is a unit of (a) electromotive force (6) magnetomotive force (c) conductance (d) permittivity Ans: b 31. The working of a meter is based on the use of a permanent magnet. In order to protect the meter functioning from stray magnetic fields (a) meter is surrounded by strong magnetic fields (b) a soft iron shielding is used (c) a plastic shielding is provided (d) a shielding of anon-magnetic material is used Ans: b 32. Reciprocal of permeability is (a) reluctivity (b) susceptibility (c) permittivity (d) conductance Ans: a 33. The relative permeability is less than unity is case of (a) ferromagnetic materials (b) ferrites (c) non-ferrous materials (d) diamagnetic materials Ans: d 34. Which of the following is the unit of magnetic flux density ? (a) weber (b) lumens (c) tesla (d) none of the above Ans: c 35. The magnetism left in the iron after exciting field has been removed is known as (a) permeance (b) residual magnetism (c) susceptance (d) reluctance Ans: b 36. Which of the following is not a unit of flux? (a) Maxwell (b) Telsa (c) Weber (d) All of the above Ans: b 37. Which of the following is expected to have the maximum permeability ? (a) Brass (b) Copper (c) Zinc (d) Ebonite Ans: d 38. One telsa is equal to (a) 1 Wb/mm2 (b) 1 Wb/m (c) 1 Wb/m2 (d) 1 mWb/m2 Ans: c 39. Out of the following statements, concerning an electric field, which statement is not true ? (a) The electric intensity is a vector quantity (b) The electric field intensity at a point is numerically equal to the force exerted upon a charge placed at that point (c) An electric field is defined as a point in space at which an electric charge would experience a force (d) Unit field intensity in the exertion of a force of one newton on a charge of one coulomb Ans: b 40. When a magnet is in motion relative to a coil the induced e.m.f. does not depend upon (a) resistance of the coil (b) motion of the magnet (c) number of turns of the coil (d) pole strength of the magnet Ans: a 41. One maxwell is equal to (a) 10 webers (b) 10 webers (c) 10 webers (d) 10 webers Ans: d 42. When two ends of a circular uniform wire are joined to the terminals of a battery, the field at the center of the circle (a) will be zero (b) will be infinite (c) will depend on the amount of e.m.f. applied (d) will depend on the radius of the circle Ans: d 43. Susceptibility is positive for (a) non-magnetic substances (b) diamagnetic substances (c) ferromagnetic substances (d) none of the above Ans: c 44. Two long parallel conductors carry 100 A. If the conductors are separated by 20 mm, the force per meter of length of each conductor will be (a) 100 N (b) 10 N (c) 1 N (d) 0.1 N Ans: d 45. A 300 mm long conductor is carrying a current of 10 A and is situated at right angles to a magnetic field having a flux density of 0.8 T ; the force on the conductor will be (a) 240 N (6) 24 N (c) 2.4 N (d) 0.24 N Ans: c 46. A 200 turn coil having an axial length of 30 mm and a radius of 10 mm is pivoted in a magnetic field having a flux density of 0.8 T. If the coil carries a current of 0.5 A, the torque acting on the coil will be (a) 8 N-m (b) 0.48 N-m (e) 0.048 N-m (d) 0.0048 N-m Ans: c 47. The electromagnet has 50 turns and a current of 1A flows through the coil. If the length of the magnet circuit is 200 mm, what is the magnetic field strength ? (a) 2500 AT/m (b) 250 AT/m (c) 25 AT/m (d) 2.5 AT/m Ans: b 48. What is the magnitude and the direction of force per 1.1m length of a pair of conductors of a direct current linecarrying 10 amperes and spaced 100 mm apart ? (a) 22 x 10"8 N (b) 22 x 10"7 N (c) 22 x 10-6 N (d) 22 x 10"5 N Ans: d 49. A square cross-sectional magnet has a pole strength of 1 x 10 Wb and cross sectional area of 20 mm x 20 mm. What is the strength at a distance of 100 mm from the unit pole in air ? (a) 63.38 N/Wb (b) 633.8 N/Wb (c) 6338 N/Wb (d) 63380 N/Wb Ans: c 50. The unit of flux is the same as that of (a) reluctance (b) resistance (c) permeance (d) pole strength Ans: d 51. Unit for quantity of electricity is (a) ampere-hour (b) watt (c) joule (d) coulomb Ans: d 52. The Biot-savart's law is a general modification of (a) Kirchhoffs law (b) Lenz's law (c) Ampere's law (d) Faraday's laws Ans: c 53. The most effective and quickest may of making a magnet from soft iron is by (a) placing it inside a coil carrying current (b) induction (c) the use of permanent magnet (d) rubbing with another magnet Ans: a 54. The commonly used material for shielding or screening magnetism is (a) copper (b) aluminium (c) soft iron (d) brass Ans: c 55. If a copper disc is rotated rapidly below a freely suspended magnetic needle, the magnetic needle shall start rotating with a velocity (a) less than that of disc but in opposite direction (b) equal to that of disc and in the same direction (c) equal to that of disc and in the opposite direction (d) less than that of disc and in the same direction Ans: d 56. A permanent magnet (a) attracts some substances and repels others (b) attracts all paramagnetic substances and repels others (c) attracts only ferromagnetic substances (d) attracts ferromagnetic substances and repels all others Ans: a 57. The retentivity (a property) of material is useful for the construction of (a) permanent magnets (b) transformers (c) non-magnetic substances (d) electromagnets Ans: a 58. The relative permeability of materials is not constant. (a) diamagnetic (b) paramagnetic (c) ferromagnetic (d) insulating Ans: c 59. The materials are a bit inferior conductors of magnetic flux than air. (a) ferromagnetic (b) paramagnetic (c) diamagnetic (d) dielectric Ans: c 60. Hysteresis loop in case of magnetically hard materials is more in shape as compared to magnetically soft materials. (a) circular (b) triangular (c) rectangular (d) none of the above Ans: c 61. A rectangular magnet of magnetic moment M is cut into two piece of same length, the magnetic moment of each piece will be (a) M (6) M/2 (c) 2 M (d) M/4 Ans: b 62. A keeper is used to (a) change the direction of magnetic lines (b) amplify flux (c) restore lost flux (d) provide a closed path for flux Ans: d 63. Magnetic moment is a (a) pole strength (6) universal constant (c) scalar quantity (d) vector quantity Ans: d 64. The change of cross-sectional area of conductor in magnetic field will affect (a) reluctance of conductor (b) resistance of conductor (c) (a) and (b) both in the same way (d) none of the above Ans: c 65. The uniform magnetic field is (a) the field of a set of parallel conductors (b) the field of a single conductor (c) the field in which all lines of magnetic flux are parallel and equidistant (d) none of the above Ans: c 66. The magneto-motive force is (a) the voltage across the two ends of exciting coil (b) the flow of an electric current (c) the sum of all currents embraced by one line of magnetic field (d) the passage of magnetic field through an exciting coil Ans: c 67. What will be the current passing through the ring shaped air cored coil when number of turns is 800 and ampere turns are 3200 ? (a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 6 (d) 8 Ans: b 68. What will be the magnetic potential difference across the air gap of 2 cm length in magnetic field of 200 AT/m ? (a) 2 AT (b) 4 AT (c) 6 AT (d) 10 AT Ans: b 69. Which of the following statements is correct ? (a) The magnetic flux inside an exciting coil is lower than its outside surface (6) The magnetic flux inside an exciting coil is zero (e) The magnetic flux inside the exciting coil is greater than its outside surface (d) The magnetic flux inside the exciting coil is same as on its outside surface Ans: d 70. A certain amount of current flows through a ring-shaped coil with fixed number of turns. How does the magnetic induction B varies inside the coil if an iron core is threaded into coil without dimensional change of coil ? (a) Decreases (b) Increases (c) Remains same (d) First increases and then decreases depending on the depth of iron in¬sertion Ans: b 71. The magnetic reluctance of a material (a) decreases with increasing cross sectional area of material (6) increases with increasing cross-sec-tional area of material (c) does not vary with increasing cross-sectional area of material (d) any of the above Ans: a 72. The initial permeability of an iron rod is (a) the highest permeability of the iron rod (b) the lowest permeability of the iron rod (c) the permeability at the end of the iron rod (d) the permeability almost in non-magnetised state Ans: d 73. How does the magnetic compass needle behave in a magnetic field ? (a) It assures a position right angle to magnetic field (b) It starts rotating (c) It assures a position which follows a line of magnetic flux (d) None of the above Ans: c 74. In a simple magnetic field the strength of magnet flux (a) is constant and has same value in energy part of the magnetic field (6) increases continuously from initial value to final value (c) decreases continuously from initial value to final value (d) first increases and then decreases till it becomes zero Ans: d 75. The stray line of magnetic flux is defined as (a) a line vertical to the flux lines (b) the mean length of a ring shaped coil (c) a line of magnetic flux in a non-uniform field (d) a line of magnetic flux which does not follow the designed path Ans: d 76. The bar magnet has (a) the dipole moment (b) monopole moment (c) (a) and (b) both (d) none of the above Ans: a 77. Which of the following materials are diamagnetic ? (a) Silver (b) Copper (c) Silver and copper (d) Iron Ans: c 78. Which of the following type of materials are not very important for engineering applications ? (a) Ferromagnetic (b) Paramagnetic (c) Diamagnetic (d) None of the above Ans: c 79. The susceptibility of paramagnetic materials generally lies between (a) KT3 and 1CT6 (b) 1CT3 and 1CT7 (c) KT4 and KT8 (d) 10"2 and KT5 Ans: a 91. For which of the following materials the saturation value is the highest ? (a) Ferromagnetic materials (6) Paramagnetic materials (c) Diamagnetic materials (d) Ferrites Ans: d 92. The magnetic materials exhibit the property of magnetisation because of (a) orbital motion of electrons (b) spin of electrons (c) spin of nucleus (d) either of these (e) all of the above Ans: c 93. For which of the following materials the net magnetic moment should be zero ? (a) Diamagnetic materials (b) Ferrimagnetic materials (c) Antiferromagnetic materials (d) Antiferrimagnetic materials Ans: c 94. The attraction capacity of electromagnet will increase if the (a) core length increases i (b) core area increases (c) flux density decreases (d) flux density increases Ans: d 95. Which of the following statements is correct ? (a) The conductivity of ferrites is better than ferromagnetic materials (b) The conductivity of ferromagnetic materials is better than ferrites (c) The conductivity of ferrites is very high (d) The conductivity of ferrites is same as that of ferromagnetic materials Ans: a 96. Temporary magnets are used in (a) loud-speakers (b) generators (c) motors (d) all of the above Ans: d 97. Main causes of noisy solenoid are (a) strong tendency of fan out of laminations at the end caused by repulsion among magnetic lines of force (b) uneven bearing surface, caused by dirt or uneven wear between moving and stationary parts (c) both of above (d) none of the above Ans: c 98. Strength of an electromagnet can be increased by (a) increasing the cross-sectional area (b) increasing the number of turns (c) increasing current supply (d) all above methods Ans: 99. Core of an electromagnet should have (a) low coercivity (6) high susceptibility (c) both of the above (d) none of the above Ans: c 100. Magnetism of a magnet can be destroyed by (a) heating (b) hammering (c) by inductive action of another magnet (d) by all above methods Ans: d MAGNETISM and ELECTROMAGNETISM Multiple Choice Questions and Answers :: Read the full article

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