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#commercial waste collection in Calgary
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A new pilot project to reduce the amount of food waste that businesses send to the landfill is coming to Calgary.
The food rescue and food waste diversion project will run for six months and targets businesses and industry, including restaurants, hotels, hospitals and supermarkets.
The project will see more food waste being composted and food that is still edible diverted to local organizations through the charity, Leftovers Foundation.
The pilot is being run and funded by the Ontario-based Circular Innovation Council through grants and sponsorships. The organization has already been running an internationally recognized pilot in Guelph-Wellington County in southwestern Ontario. [...]
"The goal is to have neighbouring businesses all working collaboratively and cooperatively to manage their food waste collection services."
Fesko said a 2019 study carried out by the city found food waste made up 43 per cent of commercial garbage bin waste in Calgary.
"There's so much food still being thrown in the garbage, I think there's a great opportunity for us to redistribute food to local organizations and divert food from the landfill," Fesko said. [...]
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Tagging: @politicsofcanada, @abpoli
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waldenbottledepot · 1 year
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Walden Bottle Depot Offers Free Pick-Up Service For Bottle Recycling in Calgary
Walden Bottle Depot offers free truck services for bottle pickup in Calgary. If you have a large number of bottles that you need to dispose of, Walden Bottle Depot can help. Our team will come to your location with a truck and collect the bottles for free. This is a great way to get rid of your bottles without having to worry about transportation or disposal fees. 
If you are looking for a convenient and eco-friendly way to recycle your glass bottle depot Calgary, you may want to check out Walden Bottle Depot. Here are some key points about their free pick-up service:
They offer a free pick-up service for glass bottles, cans, and other beverage containers.
The service is available to both residential and commercial customers in Calgary and the surrounding areas.
Customers can schedule a pick-up time that is convenient for them by phone, email, or through the company's website.
The bottles are then picked up by the company's staff, who will weigh them and provide a refund based on the deposit value of the containers.
Walden Bottle Depot accepts a wide range of beverage containers, including beer bottles, wine bottles, pop cans, and juice boxes.
The company also offers a drop-off service for customers who prefer to bring their bottles to the depot themselves.
In addition to Bottle Recycling Calgary, Walden Bottle Depot also sells a variety of new and used bottles and jars for home brewing, canning, and other purposes.
Bottle Depot Calgary is committed to sustainability and reducing waste and encourages customers to recycle as much as possible.
Bottle Pick-up Services Are Important For Several Reasons
Convenience for customers: Bottle pick-up services Calgary make recycling more convenient for customers, especially for those who are unable to transport their recyclables to a depot themselves. The pick-up service can come to the customer's home or business and collect the recyclables, making the process easier and more accessible.
Increased recycling rates: Bottle pick-up services in Calgary can help increase recycling rates by making it easier for customers to recycle. When recycling is more convenient, customers are more likely to participate, which can result in higher recycling rates.
Environmental benefits: By increasing recycling rates, bottle pick-up services can help reduce the amount of waste that ends up in landfills and the associated environmental impact. Recycling also conserves energy and reduces greenhouse gas emissions associated with the manufacturing process.
Job creation: Bottle pick-up services can create jobs in the recycling industry, contributing to local economies and providing employment opportunities.
Overall, Walden Bottle Depot's free pick-up service is a great option for anyone in Calgary looking to recycle their glass bottles and other beverage containers in an easy and eco-friendly way.
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new-modelist · 3 years
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Get Rapid Garden Waste Collection Anywhere in Calgary!
If you’ve had a lot of waste lying around your garden, whether it’s been there for a while or you’ve just put it down, don’t just leave it there. Doing something about it couldn’t be simpler, and it couldn’t take any less effort. Simply pick up the phone and let our London garden waste collection team care of it for you. They’re specially trained waste disposal experts, who’re equipped with the modern loading equipment and vehicles that will make getting rid of all of that rubbish easy.
Fast Junk will only charge you for the amount of junk that you need to get taken away too, so you’ll be paying the bare minimum that you need to for this type of service. In addition to this, our team members have been specially trained and comprehensively insured so that they can complete your garden waste collection with the minimum of fuss and in complete safety.
What Will You Get when you Hire Us for Garden Cleanout?
Our garden waste collection service is a great choice for rubbish clearance no matter where you’re based in Calgary. Fast Junk is a local company, so we can be with you in a very short space of time, freeing up the space you were using to store that waste, clearing the rubbish out of your garden so you’ll be free to enjoy it once more. With us, you’ll also be able to benefit from:
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Outstanding efficiency and value: just take what our past clients have had to say about their experiences of using our service by visiting our customer reviews page now. When you add our competitive prices in, it’s a brilliant mix.
Book Garden Rubbish Removal in Calgary Now!
Just call us now and you will be able to speak to one of our friendly and helpful customer advisory staff about what you need, and how we can help you do it. We’ll be glad to give you a free personalised quote on garden rubbish removal whenever you call – our lines are always open so give us a ring as soon as you need us.
You can ask any questions that you feel you need to when you ring us, and you can also do so via our online booking form, or by using our website’s chat facility. Both methods will allow you to book your garden rubbish collection quickly and easily. To read more go to: https://fastjunk.ca/
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harvestrecycling · 3 years
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kadwan · 6 years
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Why Employ an Office Mover in the Industrial Relocation Network?
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Several movers assert to provide office relocating services, yet many deal with office relocations like a regular house move when it comes to the kind of devices as well as processes they utilize. The outcome is a disorganized as well as unsecure move that winds up setting you back method even more time and money than anticipated. Companies that want their step dealt with skillfully depend on office movers in the Business Relocation Network for every one of their moving requirements. The network is a subscription organization consisted of trustworthy office movers that have actually been recognized as the very best of the most effective in their geographical location. To better recognize the benefits of hiring office movers in the Industrial Moving Network, you should familiarize yourself with the services that set them besides your ordinary mover. Relocating Providers Office movers in the Commercial Relocation Network are specialists at moving offices of all types and dimensions. They have experience with the many ins and outs of moving an office and also doing so with the least amount of downtime. Participants of the network provide turnkey office relocating services that are widely taken into consideration the most effective in business. From relocating health care centers to manufacturing plants to information centers, Industrial Moving Network office movers make use of ingenious approaches and cutting edge devices to ensure relocations are exactly taken care of. Data Centers Businesses with information centers have an unique collection of issues when transferring from one place to one more. They have customers that rely on them for uptime, so they need an office mover that could supply sensitive tools within a limited schedule. Industrial Relocation Network Calgary Piano Movers offer information center moving services that consist of disconnect/reconnect, cabling, as well as accuracy packing that ensures this state-of-the-art and very pricey equipment is never damaged throughout the moving. Disposal Providers Participants of the Business Relocation Network are committed to eco-friendly moving. They assist companies decrease waste and also deal with unnecessary products safely and economically-- as well as in an eco-friendly way. Whether moving a tiny office or a huge firm, office movers in the network do so with both the firm's and also the setting's best interests in mind. That is why they supply additional disposal and recycling services for all undesirable furniture, electronics, and waste. Furthermore, Business Relocation Network members likewise provide safe and secure file shredding and also disposal solutions for out-of-date data. Relocating Medical Care Facilities Along with the relocation worries of other industries, healthcare facilities deal with additional difficulties as well as obligations concerning privacy problems. They need to satisfy the standards of HIPAA as well as various other privacy plans, which is why Commercial Relocation Network office movers provide safe and secure chain-of-custody procedures, organized moving, as well as innovation arrangement. This makes it possible for clinical offices to transfer their files securely and be ready to see individuals when they're cleared up in the new building. Packing Providers A lot of companies don't have the time or competence to pack up their own workplaces. This is since packing an office needs precision, careful planning, as well as the appropriate products to avoid damages as well as loss. From relocating small electronic devices to large pieces of art to a substantial quantity of documents, Industrial Relocation Network office movers take better treatment of their clients' residential property than any other movers. Room Decommission The majority of services have lease terms that require them to deactivate the residential or commercial property back over to the landlord. Office movers in the Commercial Relocation Network can handle the whole coordination procedure so that businesses could concentrate on their relocation as well as stress less about their old place. A few of these decommission services include conference with building administration, disposing of garbage on the home, cleansing the center, and executing last walk-throughs with residential or commercial property management officials. Selecting an Office Mover When it's time to move your office, consider the track record as well as the broad range of services provided by the office relocating company. The Business Moving Network authorizes only the best of the best, and also it continually audits its participants to guarantee they remain at the top of their game every year. Whether you're relocating a little office or require a knowledgeable specialist for a huge, complicated relocation, look no further compared to office movers in the Business Moving Network.
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agritecture · 7 years
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Nature-inspired water collection system wins $100,000 Ray of Hope Prize®
CONTENT SOURCED FROM BIOMIMICRY INSTITUTE
By 2050, 9 billion people will live on our planet, and 70% of them will live in cities, creating a demand for sustainable local food production solutions. An international team based in New York City has developed a prototype product that mimics the way living systems capture, store, and distribute water, and has been awarded the 2017 $100,000 Ray C. Anderson Foundation Ray of Hope Prize in the Biomimicry Global Design Challenge. 
The challenge is an international design competition and accelerator program that crowdsources nature-inspired climate change solutions. Team NexLoop, whose members include Jacob Russo, Anamarija Frankic, and C. Mike Lindsey, was awarded the prize at the National Bioneers Conference today.
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“NexLoop is an impressive team across the board,” said John A. Lanier, executive director of the Ray C. Anderson Foundation. “They have a deep understanding of how biomimicry aids in the design process, and their plans for hyper local water capture and storage in urban settings could play a crucial role in scaling local, sustainable agriculture. We are proud to award them this year’s Ray of Hope Prize.”
Team NexLoop developed the AquaWeb to help urban local food producers collect, filter, store, and distribute atmospheric moisture with a modular, all-in-one water sourcing and management system. AquaWeb harnesses freely available rain and fog and uses passive strategies to distribute this water so that urban farms, including greenhouses, indoor vertical farms, and container farms, can save energy and become more resilient to disturbances.
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Each aspect of AquaWeb’s design was inspired by living systems. These include how cribellate orb weaver spider webs collect fog from the air, how drought-tolerant plants like the crystalline ice plant store water, and how mycorrhizal fungi like the Jersey cow mushroom distribute water. The team also looked to the dwarf honey bee’s hexagonal nest structure for AquaWeb’s efficient and modular design.
The trustees of the Ray C. Anderson Foundation also awarded a $20,000 second place prize to Team Windchill from the University of Calgary, Canada, who created an electricity-free refrigeration system inspired by how animals regulate temperature. The $15,000 third place prize went to Team Evolution’s Solutions from the University of California, San Diego, who created a food waste nutrient recycling and supply system inspired by bacteria that helps hydroponic farmers grow food more efficiently and sustainably.
“These teams taught us what is possible when we ask: How does nature preserve? Turn food waste into fertilizer? Allocate nutrients equitably? Pull water from air? Find dispersed nutrients? Cool without refrigeration?” said Janine Benyus, co-founder of the Biomimicry Institute. “Their designs are elegant and refreshingly new approaches to the essential question: How will we feed ourselves in a way that feeds the planet?”
A total of six international teams spent the past year in the world’s only Biomimicry Accelerator program, developing working prototypes with the help of biomimicry experts and business mentors in order to create viable, market-ready solutions. A full list of the finalists’ innovations can be found here. The Biomimicry Accelerator is a commercialization platform for biomimicry entrepreneurs to bring needed sustainability solutions to market faster. The Biomimicry Accelerator is part of the Biomimicry Institute’s Biomimicry Global Design Challenge, a worldwide design competition sponsored by the Ray C. Anderson Foundation that crowdsources biomimetic, or nature-inspired, solutions to climate change issues, like food systems, water management, and alternative energy.
This year marks the second year that the Ray of Hope Prize® was presented at the National Bioneers Conference. The conference, held this year from October 20-22, 2017, is a yearly gathering of dynamic changemakers dedicated to solving our world’s most pressing environmental and social challenges.
“Our vision moving forward is to help seed biomimicry and biomimetic thinking as the default position for design, industry, economy, and culture,” said Kenny Ausubel, Bioneers co-founder and CEO. “The Biomimicry Global Design Challenge doubles down on innovation, providing a business incubation process as well as potential investment capital for the finalists to accelerate market-ready, scalable biomimetic solutions to our greatest challenges. As such, we are honored to be continuing and deepening our partnership with them.”
A new round of the Biomimicry Global Design Challenge has just launched, focused again on finding nature-inspired climate-change solutions. It is a new opportunity for teams to join and compete for the annual $100,000 Ray of Hope Prize. Individuals and teams can learn more about the Challenge at challenge.biomimicry.org.
CONTENT SOURCED FROM BIOMIMICRY INSTITUTE
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annieboltonworld · 5 years
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Juniper Publishers- Open Access Journal of Environmental Sciences & Natural Resources
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An Investigation of Ground Water Aquifer Characteristics of Sarcee Reserve
Authored by Roger Saint-Fort
Abstract
This study investigates the ground water aquifer characteristics used domestically by the residents of Sarcee Reserve. Local flow systems in the sub-horizontal sandstones and shales probably occur with the well fractured sandstone units acting as collectors for the downward moving ground water of overlying units. Four basic types of ground waters were identified based on the major ions chemistry. The Na, K-HCO3, CO3 type represents 56% of the ground water samples and is most representative of moderate to deep bedrock. A mixed type dominated by SO4-2 or HCO3- anions and either Ca, Mg, or Na, K cations form 30% of this classification. Typically found in ground water discharge areas. A Ca, Mg-HCO3, CO3 type represents 8% of the ground water of this type and occurs in relatively shallow fractured bedrock. The NaSO4 chemical type represents 6% of the ground water samples. It is generally associated with ground waters in surficial deposits. TDS in the ground water samples ranged from 249 to 1600mg/L. Ground water aquifer quality on the reserve is generally good. Reported poor ground water quality in many instances may be directly attributed to poor well materials and construction. Flavor may be affected by geogenic sources of minerals dissolved in its matrix or products of bacteriological growths. However, repeated presence of objectionable taste, odor, or color in the water may cause the community to question its safety for domestic use.
Keywords: Ground water; Aquifer; TDS; Geogenic; Piper diagram; Health
Introduction
Hess [1] estimated that about 6.2 million Canadians rely on ground water as a source of potable drinking water and usual domestic purposes. Ground water is the main source of potable drinking water for the residents of Tssu Tina nation. Due to geogenic activities, ground water in its pristine state, is expected to contain a multitude of naturally occurring minerals dissolved in its matrix. Therefore, in the ultimate sense of drinking water quality, ground water can’t be considered as always sparkling pure water. Generally, the latter contains an array of geogenic sources of minerals dissolved in its matrix. In addition, a wide variety of anthropogenic sources for aquifer contamination exists. These may include septic tanks, landfills, leakage from underground storage tanks and sewage lagoons. While the presence of dissolved contaminants can adversely impact the usefulness. Furthermore, their qualitative as well as quantitative fate and behavior will remain function of complexphysico/biochemical interactions taking place at the interfaces of the vadose and saturated zone systems as contaminants are passing through different hydrologic zones. There is growing concern on the portability of ground water resource in particular dissolved geogenic concentration levels as they may pose a significant health risk to human health [2]. In that regard, there is a large portfolio of research demonstrating the interplay between lack of access to adequate drinking water in communities and good health [3]. The primary objective of this study was to ascertain the degree of ground water aquifer characteristics that is being used by the residents of the reserve.
Study Area
The study area is designated as Sarcee Reserve No. 145. The land area of the reserve covers 283 km2 with an estimated population of 2,000 residents [2]. Sarcee reserve is located in Township 23, Ranges 2, 3 and 4 West of the 5th Meridian on the southwestern edge of the City of Calgary (coordinates 50o 58’N 114o21’W) and extends west to the Bragg Creek Town site. The most important economic activity is the Grey Eagle casino and commercial gravel mining with small scale activities like agriculture and waste management.
Method of Study
The method of study involved field visits, analyzing ground water drilling records, water quality data, aerial photos, topographical and geological maps. Due to the fact that records for wells drilling and water quality characteristics were available for only 80 houses, some interpretation was, to a certain extent, general in nature, however scientifically insightful. Representative ground water samples were collected from various households in clean glass bottles having a foillined, labelled and appropriately handled prior to be analyzed. All analyses were carried out according to standard methods of water analysis.
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Climate
The climate of the subject geographical area is largely subcontinental with short and moderately warm summers, brief springs and fall seasons, and rather long cold winters. It is influenced by the interplay between the cold Artic and Pacific air masses. Dry warm westerly s air mass (Chinooks) often flow over the mountains in the winter to assuage the winter [3]. The temperature commonly ranges from between -35 and 25oC. Average annual precipitation is approximately 50 cm.
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Geologic Setting
Physiography
Sarcee reserve is physically situated in a transition zone between the Western Alberta Plains to the east and the Foothills of the Rocky Mountains to the west. Elevations vary from approximately 1120m on the eastern edge of the reserve to over 1430 m in the western sector of the reserve. It primarily consists of an upland area bisected into two distinct highlands by a glacial outwash feature known as Six Mile Coulee. To the east, Bullhead Hill is the dominant feature, while to the west, the features known locally as Blueberry Hill and Spy Hill which are an up thrust unit of the Cretaceous Brazeau formation, are the predominant land features [4]. The reserve is drained by the Elbow River which runs along the west and northern boundaries, entering the reserve in its northeast corner to drain into the Glenmore reservoir. The southeast corner of Sarcee reserve is drained by Fish Creek which then travels through South Calgary to empty into the Bow River. Milburn Creek drains the west central highland which empties into the Elbow. The south portion of Six Mile Coulee drains into Fish Creek.
Bedrock Geology
The eastern area of the reserve is underlain by the siltstone and shale sequence of the Tertiary Paskapoo Formation. The occurrence of Late-Cretaceous Tertiary Bears paw Formation stratigraphically crosses the western part of the reserve as well. A tongue of Cretaceous Alberta Group also crosses the reserve [5].
Surficial Geology
The bedrock within the boundary of the reserve is overlain by nearly continuous till cover. The exception is the higher elevations of Blueberry Hill which has exposures of Cretaceous porcupine Hills Formation at the surface [4]. The major unit found on the reserve is the Spy Hill Drift which consists of till and stratified drift deposited by a glacier [5]. This till consists of clay rich silty till. This till is generally structure less but can contain local and isolated deposits of sand and gravel. The drift is generally thin throughout the reserve ranging from 4 to 6 m thick and decreasing to zero at some higher elevations. Within the natural drainage channels such as Six Mile Coulee, Milburn Creek, the Elbow and Fish Creek Valleys, deposits of sand, gravel, lacustrine clays and silts are common in the valley floors. Commercial gravel deposits are being exploited in the area of Two Guns and on the west boundary of the reserve.
Results and Discussions
Hydrogeology
The ground water flow regime for the study area was inferred with a certain degree of interpretation because of data gaps. Vegetation association, aerial photos, and field observations were used to delineate areas of natural ground water recharge and discharge. The lodrge pole brine-brome grass (Bromus sp.), bearberry (Arctostaphylos ava-ursi) are indicative of natural ground water recharge conditions along ridges, where the water table is relatively deep. Meadows, often containing springs and seepages, supporting the growth of willow (Salix sp.), sedge (Carex sp.) and swamp birch (Betulapumoilia var. glandulifera) are indicative of groundwater discharge in areas of more gentle slopes where the water table is relatively shallow. Discharge areas are typically lower elevations and areas near the Elbow River and Fish Creek. Other significant areas of discharge are Six Mile Coulee, Lott Creek, and Milburn Creek. Seepages, springs, swamps, and hummocky ground as ground water discharge features were also observed.
A simple water budget approach to estimate the volume of water entering the recharge areas was used. As surficial deposits thin or absent, it is likely that the recharge areas are quite effective in replenishing the local aquifers. The basic equation is expressed as Eq.(1)
R = [Pr – {(Sc x Pr) + E t} A (1)
Where R is the volume of water recharging the ground waters, Pr is annual precipitation, Sc represents a runoff coefficient, Et is evapotranspiration, and A is site area available for recharge. Values derived for the various variables are Pr = 0.50m/yr; Sc = 0.20; Et = 0.20m/yr; and A = 2800ha. Annual ground water recharge was estimated at 5 x 106m3.
Hydro geochemistry
Most natural ground waters can be represented as solutions of three cationic constituents: calcium, magnesium, and the alkali metals; and of the three anionic constituents: sulfate, chloride, and those contributing to alkalinity [6]. The composition of ground water may be represented conveniently by trilinear plotting. These plots may aid prospective ground water users to forecast the type of ground waters at a particular geographical location and depth. Hydro chemical results for single wells were plotted and their respective groupings are shown on hydro chemical facies (Figures 1-4).
The ground water chemistry appeared highly variable. The major ion chemistry indicates four basic types of ground waters encompassing Sarcee reserve: A Ca, Mg-HCO3, CO3 type represents ground water in relatively shallow fractured bedrock. Such hydrochemistry represents 8% of the ground water samples of this type. Ground waters of the calcium-magnesium bicarbonate type are typical of areas of recharge and of short flow systems. Total dissolved solids (TDS) content, a measure of how much dissolved salts are in the water, range from 249 to 489 mg/L for an average concentration of 337mg/L with a standard deviation of 86. Average well depth below ground surface is approximately 125 ft.
The Na, K-HCO3, CO3 type occurs throughout the area and is most representative of moderate to deep bedrock in area. It was determined that 56% of the ground water samples are of this type. They occur mainly in ground water discharge areas and in the major river valleys. Because of higher sodium content, hardness is generally less than 100 mg/L while TDS contents of up to 1366 mg/L reflect the deeper, more mineralized nature of these ground waters. TDS values ranged from 329 to 1360 mg/L for an average concentration of 610 mg/L with a standard deviation of 225. It is important to note that the 400 mg/L content of TDS generally coincides with a change in dominant cations. Average well depth below ground surface is approximately 160 ft.
A mixed type of the ground waters, dominated by SO4-2 or HCO3- anions and either Ca, Mg, or Na, K cations. In that regard, 30% of the ground water falls under this classification. Wells depth tend to be quite variable ranging spatially from 100 to 200 ft. TDS values ranged from 387 to 1290mg/L for an average concentration of 514 mg/L with a standard deviation of 202. This water type occurs mainly in ground water discharge areas. Low ground water movement may be responsible for locally high TDS and SO4-2 while active ground water flushing has HCO3- as the dominant anion. The data indicate that the maximum TDS content for the mixed type ground water is 1290mg/L, but that about 55% of the ground water has a content less than 500mg/L. The sulfate rich ground water seems to have a much greater effect on the TDS content than does the cation exchange process.
The NaSO4 chemical type represents 6% of the ground water samples analyzed. It is generally associated with ground waters in surficial deposits. Sulfate content is generally highest in relatively shallow less than 50 ft completed in till and glaciofluvial sediments. Sulfate content at this depth is probably related to the gypsum content of these sediments within the annual phreatic range. The highest TDS content of any ground water sample was denoted in the NaSO4 ground water type. TDS value ranged from 830 to 1600mg/L for an average value of 1071mg/L with a standard deviation of 308.All the ground waters have a TDS content greater than 500mg/L. The relatively shallowness and sulfate rich ground waters level do not seem to have a much greater effect on TDS content than does the cation exchange process. Excessive mineralization and ground water discharge configuration are the probable reasons for the quality noted. Sulfates concentration in aquifer formations are generally lower in ground water from bedrock aquifers than in those from aquifers in surficial deposit. This could be ascribed to the reduction process occurring when water comes into contact with methane, a natural gas often from bedrock aquifer in Alberta or other agents such as decomposed organic matter. The two geochemical reduction process [7] are represented by the following reactions:
CaSO4 + CH4 ↔ CaS + CO2 + H2O (1)
CaS + 2 CO2 + 2 H2O ↔ H2S + Ca (HCO3)2 (2)
Waters affected by sulfate reduction gain in bicarbonate as well, and the calcium in the resulting bicarbonate will, by natural softening processes, be exchanged for sodium. The reduction of sulfates then indirectly increases the sodium alkalinity content of bedrock ground waters. A summary of the major contributing minerals to the hydrochemistry and their congruent dissociation are highlighted in the geochemical reactions:
Dolomite: Ca/Mg(CO2) <----->Ca2 + Mg+2 + 2 CO2 [3]
Fluorite: CaF2<----->Ca2 + 2F- [4]
Calcite: CaCO3 <-----> Ca2 + CO3-2 [5]
Epsomite: MgSO4•7 H2O <-----> Mg+2 + SO4 -2 + 7 H2O [6]
Sylvite: KCl<----->K+ + Cl- [7]
Mirabillite: Na2SO4•10 H2O <-----> 2 Na+ + SO4 -2 + 10 H2O [8]
Gypsum: CaSO4•2 H2O <-----> Ca2 + SO4 -2 + 2 H2O [9]
Halite: NaCl<-----> Na+ + Cl- [10]
Many minerals that are affecting the ground waters chemistry in the aquifer formations will be expected to dissolve congruently and incongruently according to the equilibrium concentrations attained in the water.
Ground water aquifer quality on the reserve is generally good. Reported poor ground water quality in many instances may be directly attributed to poor well materials and construction. Flavor may be affected by inorganic salts or metal ions, or products of bacteriological growths. However, repeated presence of objectionable taste, odor, or color in a water supply may cause the community to question its safety for domestic use. Guideline levels for drinking water is typically based on taste quality according to level of TDS and not health risk [8]. Water with extremely low TDS may be insipid and taste flat. The palatability of ground waters on the reserve with a TDS value less than 600 mg/L is regarded as good drinking water. It was found that 50% of the water samples have such designation. The hydrochemistry data indicate that 35% of the ground water samples can be regarded as of fair quality.
They are characterized by TDS concentrations between 600 to 900 mg/L. Poor quality was represented by 10% of the ground water samples. The hydrochemistry is characterized by TDS concentrations between 900 to 1200 mg/L. However, in 5% of ground water samples, TDS concentrations were found to be greater than 1200 mg/L. This makes the palatability of the water as unacceptable. Furthermore, from a health risk standpoint, daily consumption of ground water with high TDS concentrations may have adverse effects on residents experiencing renal, cardiac and circulatory problems [9,10]. Wells with fluorides concentration greater than 2 mg/L in the ground water could lead to dental fluorosis or mottling of the tooth enamel [11].
Geochemical conditions leading to the development of salinity in the ground water formations on the reserve can be conceptualized in terms of the dynamic equilibrium arising between mineral availability and mineral solubility [8]. Furthermore, high soluble chloride minerals including halite (NaCl), will often occur as salt strata originally formed during water evaporation of marine basins. Anhydrite (CaSO4) and gypsum (CaSO4•2 H2O) are considered as the most common of the sulfate bearing sedimentary minerals that may release SO4 - 2 upon dissolution. Geochemical evolution from active use of the ground waters may be described according to the following reactions were exchanged represents cations exchanged on ground water fabric:
CaSO4•2 H2O -----> Ca+2 + SO4 -2 + 2 H2O [11]
Ca+2 + 2 Na (exchanged) <-----> 2 Na+ + Ca (exchanged) [12]
Ca+2 + Mg+2 (exchanged) <-----> Mg+2 + Ca (exchanged) [13]
CaCO3 + H2CO3 -----> Ca+2 + 2 HCO3 - [14]
NaCl -----> Na+ + Cl- [15]
KCl -----> K+ + Cl- [16]
Mg+2 + 2 Na (exchanged) <-----> 2 Na+ + Mg (exchanged) [17]
Ca+2 + 2 K (exchanged) <-----> 2 K+ + Ca (exchanged) [18]
Mg+2 + 2 K (exchanged) <-----> 2 K+ + Mg (exchanged) [19]
Cl- will remain dissolved in the ground water solution matrix, unaffected by various ion exchanges, precipitation, or biochemical degradations.
Well Yield
Local ground water flow systems in the sub-horizontal sandstones and shales formation probably occur with the fractured sandstone units. The latter acting as conduits and collectors for the downward moving of overlying units. Hence, well yields on the reserve are expected to be intrinsically variable and hydraulic conductivities highly anisotropic. Sustainable yield is considered to be the rate at which individual wells can be pumped continuously for a period of 20 years so that at the end of this period water level in the ground water formation will not be drawn below the aquifer’s top [12]. The Paskapoo formation contains sandstone units which are capable of high sustained well yields. This is evidenced by the well yields data in the eastern area of the reserve. Distribution of wells location relative to bedrock geology indicate that the sandstone units within the Paskapoo formation are the major producing horizons. Where drift aquifers are present, they are highly permeable and productive since they consist primarily of glaciofluvial sand and gravel deposits. However, they can also be unpredictable due to variations in porosity and aerial extent. Based on drillers logs, highest yield are recorded in the NE-SE sections with an average yield of 12 gpm ranging from 4 to 60 gpm. Average depth completion is 130ft. Lowest yields are typically denoted the NW-SW sections in ¼ sections 19 and 30 in range 4 and ¼ section 18 in range 3. With an average depth completion of 110ft, the wells yielded on the average 10gpm ranging from 4 to 35gpm.
Conclusion
This study indicates that the ground water quality of the investigated aquifers tend to vary spatially due to natural factors. The ranges of TDS are significantly varying in the water and in some instances exceed the desirable as well as health guidelines permissible limits. Piper diagrams indicate the dominancy of Na, K-HCO3, CO3 water and mixed type dominated by SO4 -2 or HCO3 - anions and either Ca, Mg, or Na, K cations.
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bradlew123-blog · 4 years
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saffron1me-blog · 4 years
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3 Ways Not To Waste Your Money On Junk Removal Companies
Consistent junk elimination is the important thing to make sure your household have a wholesome dwelling environment and sell a more dynamic environment. Rubbish elimination in Calgary, Alberta is being converted into greater in the mainstream because of the ever-growing demand for waste disposal and in an attempt to hold the surroundings.
Unlike many other organizations, the junk elimination enterprise can be included in a veil of thriller, and it's tough to differentiate among the legit and not-so-excellent ones. If you are searching for to pick and pick out a company imparting a low-fee service, then clearly it is maximum likely to provide you the headaches. Hence, we've introduced collectively a list of beneficial tips to find a better organisation on the exceptional rate and follow rules.
#1 Better Customer Service
Finding a Calgary junk removal business with responsive and beneficial customer support may be a roughhouse. So make certain to check out numerous options like referrals and on line directories to pick out the one that quality contains your want. You may have to investigate and solution a few questions your self.  junk removal near me
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Can you become aware of the main appeal of any junk elimination agency? Unquestionably, the trucks! The dimensions and quantity of the cars they own will assist you to determine whether they may be able to sporting out a professional junk elimination Calgary. So, ask round and affirm the type of equipment and device they use to select up your rubbish and precisely how many journeys they would want to accomplish the task.
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going-to-graceland · 6 years
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Why Hire an Office Mover in the Business Relocation Network?
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Many movers assert to offer office relocating services, yet the majority of treat office relocations like a regular family action when it concerns the kind of devices as well as procedures they make use of. The outcome is a topsy-turvy and unsecure action that winds up costing way even more money and time compared to expected. Companies that want their relocation handled expertly count on office movers in the Industrial Relocation Network for every one of their relocating needs. The network is a subscription organization comprised of reputable office movers that have actually been acknowledged as the most effective of the most effective in their geographical area. To better comprehend the advantages of hiring office movers in the Industrial Moving Network, you have to familiarize yourself with the services that establish them in addition to your average mover. Moving Providers Office movers in the Business Relocation Network are professionals at transferring offices of all types and sizes. They have experience with the many complexities of relocating an office and doing so with the least amount of downtime. Participants of the network give complete office moving services that are commonly taken into consideration the very best in business. From relocating medical care facilities to making plants to data centers, Industrial Relocation Network office movers utilize ingenious methods and also state-of-the-art tools to ensure relocations are precisely handled. Data Centers Companies with information centers have an unique collection of issues when relocating from one area to one more. They have clients that rely on them for uptime, so they need an office mover that could deliver delicate devices within a tight timetable. Commercial Moving Network office movers offer information facility relocating solutions that consist of disconnect/reconnect, cabling, and accuracy packaging that ensures this high-tech and very costly equipment is never ever harmed during the relocation. Disposal Solutions Participants of the Industrial Moving Network are committed to eco-friendly moving. They assist business lower waste as well as throw away unneeded products safely and also economically-- and in an eco-friendly way. Whether relocating a small office or a large corporation, office movers in the network do so with both the company's and the atmosphere's best interests in mind. That is why they use extra disposal and also recycling solutions for all unwanted furnishings, electronic devices, as well as waste. Additionally, Industrial Relocation Network members also supply protected paper shredding and disposal services for outdated files. Relocating Medical Care Facilities In addition to the relocation worries of other markets, medical care centers encounter extra challenges and also obligations regarding privacy issues. They must fulfill the requirements of HIPAA as well as other personal privacy plans, which is why Business Relocation Network Calgary Movers offer secure chain-of-custody procedures, organized moving, as well as technology setup. This allows clinical offices to relocate their documents securely and also be ready to see patients as quickly as they're resolved in the new structure. Packing Solutions The majority of organisations don't have the moment or competence to evacuate their very own workplaces. This is because loading an office requires precision, careful preparation, as well as the best materials to prevent damages and loss. From relocating tiny electronics to large pieces of art to a huge quantity of documents, Commercial Relocation Network office movers take much better care of their customers' residential or commercial property than other movers. Space Decommission A lot of services have lease terms that need them to decommission the home back over to the property manager. Office movers in the Industrial Moving Network could handle the entire coordination process to make sure that services can concentrate on their relocation as well as stress less about their old location. A few of these decommission solutions consist of meeting with residential or commercial property monitoring, disposing of trash on the home, cleaning up the facility, and also performing final walk-throughs with residential or commercial property management authorities. Selecting an Office Mover When it's time to relocate your office, take into consideration the track record and the broad range of solutions supplied by the office relocating firm. The Commercial Moving Network approves just the most effective of the very best, and it continually audits its members to ensure they remain at the top of their video game time after time. Whether you're relocating a little office or require a seasoned specialist for a huge, complicated relocation, look no further than office movers in the Business Moving Network.
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kadportraits · 6 years
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Why Hire an Office Mover in the Industrial Moving Network?
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Lots of movers declare to supply office moving services, however a lot of treat office movings like a regular house relocation when it involves the sort of devices and processes they make use of. The outcome is a topsy-turvy as well as unsecure step that ends up costing method even more money and time than expected. Companies that want their step took care of professionally trust office movers in the Business Moving Network for all their relocating needs. The network is a subscription company consisted of trusted office movers that have actually been identified as the very best of the most effective in their geographical location. To better recognize the benefits of working with office movers in the Business Moving Network, you have to acquaint yourself with the solutions that establish them besides your average mover. Moving Solutions Office movers in the Commercial Relocation Network are experts at transferring offices of all types and dimensions. They have experience with the many details of moving an office and doing so with the least amount of downtime. Members of the network supply turnkey office relocating services that are widely considered the best in business. From relocating health care centers to making plants to data centers, Industrial Relocation Network office movers make use of cutting-edge approaches and modern tools to ensure relocations are specifically taken care of. Information Centers Companies with data centers have an one-of-a-kind collection of worries when transferring from one area to an additional. They have customers that rely on them for uptime, so they require an office mover that can provide sensitive equipment within a limited routine. Industrial Relocation Network office movers offer data center moving services that consist of disconnect/reconnect, cabling, as well as precision packaging that ensures this high-tech and very costly tools is never ever damaged throughout the moving. Disposal Providers Members of the Commercial Moving Network are devoted to eco-friendly moving. They aid firms minimize waste and get rid of unnecessary materials securely and financially-- and in an environmentally friendly manner. Whether moving a tiny office or a big company, office movers in the network do so with both the firm's as well as the environment's benefits in mind. That is why they use additional disposal as well as reusing solutions for all unwanted furnishings, electronics, and also waste. In addition, Commercial Moving Network participants likewise offer safe record shredding and also disposal solutions for obsolete files. Relocating Medical Care Facilities In addition to the moving concerns of various other markets, medical care centers deal with extra challenges and responsibilities regarding privacy problems. They should fulfill the criteria of HIPAA as well as various other personal privacy policies, which is why Business Relocation Network office movers provide safe chain-of-custody processes, presented relocating, and modern technology setup. This makes it possible for clinical workplaces to move their documents firmly and also be ready to see people when they're settled in the brand-new structure. Loading Solutions The majority of services don't have the time or proficiency to pack up their own workplaces. This is because loading an office calls for precision, cautious preparation, and also the best products to stop damage and loss. From relocating small electronic devices to large pieces of art to a large volume of data, Business Relocation Network office movers take much better treatment of their customers' residential or commercial property than other movers. Area Decommission A lot of services have lease terms that need them to decommission the building back over to the property owner. Calgary Best Movers in the Business Relocation Network could take care of the whole coordination process to ensure that services could focus on their action as well as stress less about their old area. Some of these decommission solutions include conference with building monitoring, dealing with garbage on the residential or commercial property, cleansing the facility, as well as executing last walk-throughs with residential or commercial property monitoring officials. Choosing an Office Mover When it's time to relocate your office, think about the credibility as well as the broad series of services supplied by the office moving company. The Business Relocation Network approves only the most effective of the very best, and also it consistently audits its members to ensure they stay at the top of their video game time after time. Whether you're relocating a tiny office or require an experienced professional for a huge, complicated relocation, look no more compared to office movers in the Business Moving Network.
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csrgood · 7 years
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Nature-Inspired Water Collection System Wins $100,000 Ray of Hope Prize®
By 2050, 9 billion people will live on our planet, and 70% of them will live in cities, creating a demand for sustainable local food production solutions. An international team based in New York City has developed a prototype product that mimics the way living systems capture, store, and distribute water, and has been awarded the 2017 $100,000 Ray C. Anderson Foundation Ray of Hope Prize in the Biomimicry Global Design Challenge. The challenge is an international design competition and accelerator program that crowdsources nature-inspired climate change solutions. Team NexLoop was awarded the prize at the National Bioneers Conference on Saturday.
“NexLoop is an impressive team across the board,” said John A. Lanier, executive director of the Ray C. Anderson Foundation. “They have a deep understanding of how biomimicry aids in the design process, and their plans for hyper local water capture and storage in urban settings could play a crucial role in scaling local, sustainable agriculture. We are proud to award them this year's Ray of Hope Prize.”
  Team NexLoop developed the AquaWeb to help urban local food producers collect, filter, store, and distribute atmospheric moisture with a modular, all-in-one water sourcing and management system. AquaWeb harnesses freely available rain and fog and uses passive strategies to distribute this water so that urban farms, including greenhouses, indoor vertical farms, and container farms, can save energy and become more resilient to disturbances. Each aspect of AquaWeb’s design was inspired by living systems. These include how cribellate orb weaver spider webs collect fog from the air, how drought-tolerant plants like the crystalline ice plant store water, and how mycorrhizal fungi like the Jersey cow mushroom distribute water. The team also looked to the dwarf honey bee’s hexagonal nest structure for AquaWeb’s efficient and modular design.
  The trustees of the Ray C. Anderson Foundation also awarded a $20,000 second place prize to Team Windchill from the University of Calgary, Canada, who created an electricity-free refrigeration system inspired by how animals regulate temperature. The $15,000 third place prize went to Team Evolution’s Solutions from the University of California, San Diego, who created a food waste nutrient recycling and supply system inspired by bacteria that helps hydroponic farmers grow food more efficiently and sustainably.
  “These teams taught us what is possible when we ask: How does nature preserve? Turn food waste into fertilizer? Allocate nutrients equitably? Pull water from air? Find dispersed nutrients? Cool without refrigeration?” said Janine Benyus, co-founder of the Biomimicry Institute. “Their designs are elegant and refreshingly new approaches to the essential question: How will we feed ourselves in a way that feeds the planet?”
  A total of six international teams spent the past year in the world’s only Biomimicry Accelerator program, developing working prototypes with the help of biomimicry experts and business mentors in order to create viable, market-ready solutions. A full list of the finalists’ submissions can be found here. The Biomimicry Accelerator is a commercialization platform for biomimicry entrepreneurs to bring needed sustainability solutions to market faster. The Biomimicry Accelerator is part of the Biomimicry Institute’s Biomimicry Global Design Challenge, a worldwide design competition sponsored by the Ray C. Anderson Foundation that crowdsources biomimetic, or nature-inspired, solutions to climate change issues, like food systems, water management, and alternative energy.
  This year marks the second year that the Ray of Hope Prize® was presented at the National Bioneers Conference. The conference, held this year from October 20-22, 2017, is a yearly gathering of dynamic changemakers dedicated to solving our world’s most pressing environmental and social challenges.
  “Our vision moving forward is to help seed biomimicry and biomimetic thinking as the default position for design, industry, economy, and culture,” said Kenny Ausubel, Bioneers co-founder and CEO. “The Biomimicry Global Design Challenge doubles down on innovation, providing a business incubation process as well as potential investment capital for the finalists to accelerate market-ready, scalable biomimetic solutions to our greatest challenges. As such, we are honored to be continuing and deepening our partnership with them.”
  A new round of the Biomimicry Global Design Challenge has just launched, focused again on finding nature-inspired climate-change solutions. It is a new opportunity for teams to join and compete for the annual $100,000 Ray of Hope Prize®. Individuals and teams can learn more about the Challenge at challenge.biomimicry.org.
source: http://www.csrwire.com/press_releases/40499-Nature-Inspired-Water-Collection-System-Wins-100-000-Ray-of-Hope-Prize-?tracking_source=rss
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