#Post-COVID-19 economic disparities

[greenthestral]

Global Manufacturing Rebounds Amid Pandemic, Yet LDCs Struggle to Catch Up: A Tale of Two Realities

Global Manufacturing Rebounds: A Sign of Hope Amidst the Pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic wreaked havoc on the global economy, disrupting supply chains, halting production lines, and shuttering factories worldwide. However, as the world slowly began to recover, there was a glimmer of hope in the form of a rebounding manufacturing sector. Many countries witnessed a resurgence in production and industrial activities, bringing a sense of relief and optimism for a post-pandemic recovery.

The Uneven Recovery: LDCs Left Behind

As global manufacturing started to rebound, it became evident that not all nations were benefiting equally from this resurgence. The Least Developed Countries (LDCs), often already grappling with economic challenges, found themselves further left behind in the race for recovery. While some advanced economies experienced a remarkable upswing, LDCs faced a harsh reality where their manufacturing sectors struggled to regain pre-pandemic levels.

Understanding the Impact on LDCs

The disparity between the developed and developing nations in terms of manufacturing recovery raises crucial questions about the global economy's inclusivity. To comprehend the full impact, it is essential to analyze the factors contributing to the struggles faced by LDCs.

Supply Chain Disruptions and Limited Access to Resources

One of the primary reasons for the challenges encountered by LDCs is the disruption in global supply chains. During the height of the pandemic, borders were closed, and trade came to a halt. LDCs, heavily reliant on imports for raw materials and machinery, found their access to these essential resources restricted. As a result, their production capabilities were severely constrained, hindering their ability to capitalize on the recovering global demand.

Technology Divide and the Fourth Industrial Revolution

Another significant factor exacerbating the plight of LDCs is the technology divide. The pandemic accelerated the Fourth Industrial Revolution, promoting automation and digitalization across industries. Advanced economies with access to cutting-edge technologies could adapt swiftly to the new normal, enhancing their manufacturing efficiency and productivity. In contrast, LDCs with limited technological infrastructure struggled to keep pace, leading to further disparities in output and growth.

Financial Struggles and Limited Government Support

LDCs also faced significant financial challenges during the pandemic. Many of these nations lacked the fiscal resources and stimulus packages needed to support their manufacturing sectors adequately. Moreover, the shift in global focus towards economic recovery in the developed world meant that financial aid and investment opportunities for LDCs were scarce. As a result, these nations found it difficult to revive their manufacturing industries and create much-needed employment opportunities.

The Importance of Inclusive Global Recovery

The uneven recovery of the manufacturing sector underscores the importance of pursuing an inclusive approach to global economic revival. Leaving LDCs behind not only perpetuates existing economic disparities but also poses potential risks to the stability of the global supply chain and international trade.

Building Resilience Through Sustainable Growth

To bridge the gap and ensure that LDCs are not left behind, a sustainable growth strategy is imperative. This approach involves providing these nations with better access to resources, technology transfer, and capacity building. Collaborative efforts between developed and developing countries can create a more resilient global supply chain, reducing vulnerabilities and increasing opportunities for shared prosperity.

Empowering Local Industries and Promoting Fair Trade

Supporting the growth of local industries in LDCs is another vital aspect of an inclusive recovery. Encouraging fair trade practices can help boost their manufacturing capabilities and improve their integration into the global market. Additionally, fostering international partnerships that prioritize mutual growth and knowledge sharing can enable LDCs to harness their full potential.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the rebound of global manufacturing is undoubtedly a promising sign for the world's economic recovery from the pandemic's devastation. However, it is crucial to recognize that the recovery has not been uniform across all nations. LDCs continue to face significant challenges, and their struggles highlight the need for a more inclusive and equitable approach to economic revitalization.

As we move forward, it is essential for governments, businesses, and international organizations to come together and address the disparities in the manufacturing sector. By empowering LDCs, promoting sustainable growth, and fostering fair trade practices, we can pave the way for a more resilient and prosperous global economy that leaves no country behind. Only then can we truly build a world where the benefits of recovery are shared by all, regardless of their economic standing.

What's In It For Me? (WIIFM)

Welcome to this eye-opening blog article where we delve deep into the fascinating and contrasting realities of global manufacturing's post-pandemic rebound. As the world gradually emerges from the shadows of the COVID-19 pandemic, we witness a glimmer of hope in the form of a resurging manufacturing sector. However, beneath this positive trend lies a sobering truth – not all nations are experiencing the same level of growth and progress.

Throughout these pages, we will explore the factors that contribute to the divergent paths taken by various countries in their recovery journey. Discover the reasons why some nations seem to prosper, witnessing an upswing in industrial activities, while others, particularly the Least Developed Countries (LDCs), face an uphill battle to catch up. The disparities in their recovery are stark, and it is essential to understand the underlying dynamics shaping this reality.

By delving into the complexities of global manufacturing's rebound, you will gain valuable insights into the intricate interplay of factors at play. From supply chain disruptions to technology disparities and limited access to resources, we'll explore the challenges faced by LDCs in their pursuit of revival. Understanding these challenges is crucial, as it brings us to a fundamental question – what role can each one of us play in fostering an inclusive global recovery?

As we journey through the pages of this blog, we'll uncover the power we hold as individuals, organizations, and global citizens to make a difference. Supporting LDCs in their manufacturing efforts can pave the way for a more resilient and sustainable sector, creating a win-win situation for all. By investing in fair trade practices, empowering local industries, and promoting knowledge transfer, we can contribute to a brighter future for these developing nations.

The stakes are high, and the choices we make now will shape the world of tomorrow. By embracing inclusive growth and supporting sustainable manufacturing practices, we can build a fairer and more prosperous world for all. Together, we can ensure that no nation is left behind in the pursuit of economic revival and progress.

So, join us on this enlightening journey, as we uncover the hidden realities of global manufacturing's resurgence. Let us strive for a future where prosperity is shared, and the benefits of recovery reach every corner of the world. Together, we have the power to create an inclusive and equitable global recovery, leaving a lasting positive impact on the lives of millions. The time for action is now, and the journey starts with you.

Call to Action (CTA)

Ready to make a difference? Join us in advocating for an inclusive global manufacturing recovery. Share this blog article with your network to raise awareness about the challenges faced by LDCs and the importance of equitable growth. Together, let's support sustainable practices and empower local industries, paving the way for a brighter future for all nations. It's time to take action and be a part of the change we want to see.

Blog Excerpt

As the world navigates through the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic, the manufacturing sector has shown signs of resurgence, instilling hope for economic recovery. However, beneath the surface of this positive trend lies a stark reality - while some countries experience robust growth, others, particularly the Least Developed Countries (LDCs), are struggling to keep pace. This blog delves deep into the factors contributing to this disparity, the impact on global trade, and the urgent need for inclusive measures to ensure no nation is left behind in the journey towards a stronger and more sustainable manufacturing industry.

Meta description in 320 characters

Discover the contrasting realities of global manufacturing post-pandemic. Uncover why some nations thrive while LDCs are left behind. Join us in advocating for an inclusive recovery for a prosperous future.

[covid-safer-hotties]

Also preserved on our archive

Scientists and doctors somehow: "Wow this is really widespread! We should make up a different definition to make the numbers of this problem smaller!"

Holy shit... I'm so tired...

By Dr. Sanchari Sinha Dutta, Ph.D.

New research highlights the need for a more specific definition of long-COVID, as nearly one in five SARS-CoV-2 negative patients also reported long-term symptoms, raising concerns about overdiagnosis.

A study published in the journal Nature Communications provides an overview of post-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) symptoms among emergency department patients who tested positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection.

Background The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly burdened global healthcare and economic systems, with more than 775 million reported infections worldwide. A large proportion of COVID-19 survivors are still experiencing persistent or recurring symptoms, which the World Health Organization (WHO) collectively defines as the post-COVID or long-COVID condition.

According to the WHO definition, long-COVID occurs in individuals with a history of suspected or confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. The long-COVID symptoms, which an alternative diagnosis cannot explain, typically appear three months after the onset of COVID-19 and last for at least two months.

The WHO has listed more than 50 symptoms of long-COVID, including dyspnea, post-exertional malaise (PEM), anosmia, and cough, among others. However, many of these symptoms could overlap with other viral infections or medical conditions, leading to diagnostic challenges. This makes it difficult to distinguish long-COVID from other health conditions, raising concerns about its diagnostic specificity.

In this study, scientists compared the proportion of emergency department patients who developed WHO-defined long-COVID symptoms between SARS-CoV-2-positive and SARS-CoV-2-negative patients. The study also evaluated whether the WHO’s current definition may be too broad, potentially leading to overdiagnosis in some instances.

Study design The study was conducted on patients registered in the Canadian COVID-19 Emergency Department Rapid Response Network (CCEDRRN), a pan-Canadian collaboration collecting data on patients who were tested for SARS-CoV-2 in 50 emergency departments in eight provinces.

A total of 6,723 emergency department patients were recruited for the study, of which 58.5% were SARS-CoV-2 positive.

The study's primary outcome was to determine the proportion of patients reporting at least one WHO-defined long-COVID symptom at three months. Secondary outcomes included the proportion of patients with persistent symptoms at 6 and 12 months.

The study also used mixed-effects multivariable models to identify key risk factors for developing long-COVID symptoms, adjusting for various covariates such as age, sex, comorbidities, and hospital admission. The proportion of patients who were tested for SARS-CoV-2 and met the WHO long-COVID criteria at 6 and 12 months was determined in the study.

Important observations The proportion of SARS-CoV-2 positive patients who reported at least one long-COVID symptom at three months was 38.9%, compared to 20.7% of SARS-CoV-2 negative patients. Among SARS-CoV-2 positive patients, 45.5% of females reported long-COVID symptoms compared to 32.8% of males, indicating a significant gender disparity.

The proportions of SARS-CoV-2 positive patients who reported at least one long-COVID symptom at 6 and 12 months were 38.2% and 33.1%, respectively, compared to 19.5% and 17.3% of SARS-CoV-2 negative patients. The proportions of test-positive and test-negative patients with at least one ongoing long-COVID-consistent symptom at 12 months were 5.8% and 3.4% lower, respectively, than the proportion of symptomatic patients at three months.

The most significant risk factor for reporting long-COVID symptoms at three months was testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 during an emergency department visit (adjusted odds ratio, aOR = 4.42, 95% CI: 3.60–5.43). Other risk factors included ICU admission (aOR = 1.84, 95% CI: 1.34–2.51), female gender (aOR = 1.51, 95% CI: 1.33–1.73), and presenting with loss of taste or smell (aOR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.03–1.85) during the emergency department visit.

Further risk analysis showed that patients reporting "managing well" at baseline were at higher risk of developing long-COVID symptoms than those reporting "fit and well" (aOR = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.14–1.52). Notably, a lower risk of symptom development was observed in patients with lower educational backgrounds (aOR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.58–0.97).

Study significance The study finds that more than one-third of emergency department patients with a laboratory-confirmed acute SARS-CoV-2 infection exhibit long-COVID symptoms three months after their initial emergency department visit. The researchers also highlight that one in five patients who tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 infection met the WHO criteria for long-COVID, raising concerns about the broad scope of the clinical definition.

A key finding is that the high rate of long-COVID symptoms observed in SARS-CoV-2 negative patients suggests that the current WHO definition may lead to overdiagnosis. The overlap of non-specific symptoms with other conditions presents a challenge for accurately diagnosing long-COVID.

Furthermore, the study finds that about one in five patients with no history of SARS-CoV-2 infection also exhibit long-COVID symptoms, complicating distinguishing true long-COVID cases.

A high rate of long-COVID symptoms observed in SARS-CoV-2 negative patients at three months indicates that the development of long-COVID after suspected but not confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection is non-specific and can occur in SARS-CoV-2 naïve patients.

According to the WHO definition, long-COVID is a non-specific syndrome that occurs in many patients who present to the emergency department for an acute illness requiring SARS-CoV-2 testing. However, the current study findings highlight the need for a more specific WHO definition, potentially used in combination with serology or biomarker testing to identify the underlying processes that contribute to the development of long-COVID.

The study finds that SARS-CoV-2 positive patients more frequently exhibit three or more symptoms or certain symptoms, such as loss of taste and smell, dyspnea, and newly persistent cough, as compared to SARS-CoV-2 negative patients.

Existing evidence indicates that most COVID-19 patients experience olfactory symptoms (loss of taste and smell) during the acute infection phase. These symptoms typically subside within one month of infection. However, the persistent presence of olfactory symptoms observed in this study indicates that the presence of these symptoms during acute infection may predict long-COVID.

The scientists highlight the need for future studies to more conclusively understand long-COVID pathophysiology and develop more specific diagnostic criteria.

Study Link: www.nature.com/articles/s41467-024-52404-4

[autisticadvocacy]

ASAN is deeply troubled by reports made by The Washington Post this Tuesday that the CDC is planning to change its COVID-19 isolation guidelines. ASAN condemns the potential new guidelines, which would remove the five-day isolation period currently recommended after a positive test for COVID-19. Instead, people with a positive test result would not need to isolate if they have been fever-free for at least 24 hours without the aid of medication. 

ASAN has spoken repeatedly on the failures of the US government to respond adequately to COVID-19. Despite the ongoing pandemic, the end of the public health emergency and subsequent Medicaid unwinding have been devastating to the disability community and other marginalized communities. Efforts to encourage adherence to masking guidance and improve indoor air quality have been underwhelming. Through their actions, the CDC and US Government as a whole have indicated the strategy to combat COVID-19 is seemingly a vaccine-only response, but, with adult uptake of the latest bivalent booster being only 21.9%, even these efforts are beyond inadequate. 

This change is particularly alarming given who is likely to be among the most impacted. Changing the isolation window disproportionately exposes and affects vulnerable populations such as disabled and immunocompromised people, older adults, and other high-risk groups. These guidelines would increase COVID-19 exposure and make people at high risk of poor outcomes from COVID-19 less safe in a range of public and private spaces. 

Asymptomatic spread remains a serious concern with the latest variants. Reduced access to at-home and PCR testing since the end of the public health emergency contributes to transmission. Removing the isolation window adds increased pressure to return to school and work while potentially infectious. This will disproportionately affect individuals with hourly jobs that must be performed in person and families with children that are lower-income and families of color, as many communities aggressively enforce truancy laws against these households. Counting on the availability of treatments like Paxlovid as a mitigation strategy is highly inequitable as racial and ethnic disparities in outpatient treatment of COVID-19 remain prevalent. An approach to COVID-19 that accepts widespread and repeated infection leaves the most vulnerable among us unprotected. As we have seen throughout the pandemic, it has also led to the emergence of new variants, putting our communities at additional risk. Each repeated infection increases an individual’s likelihood of developing Long COVID, a potentially lifelong disability with limited treatment options. 

The CDC has continually failed to take into account disabled people when making COVID-19 policies and regulations. The CDC is moving in the wrong direction by reducing COVID-19 isolation periods. Instead, it should release improved guidelines to promote masking and increase availability, accessibility, and understanding of vaccines, testing, and treatment. States and the federal government also must address the continued effects of the pandemic and the end of the public health emergency on health care access and home and community based services, make investments in improving indoor air quality and preventing and treating Long COVID, and address the economic and human impacts of this crisis. ASAN condemns the possible shortening of isolation guidelines and will continue to hold the federal government accountable for protecting the public from the ongoing risk of COVID-19.

[mariacallous]

In 2001, Goldman Sachs banker Jim O’Neill created the acronym “BRIC” to refer to Brazil, Russia, India, and China—countries he predicted would soon have a significant impact on the global economy. In 2006, Goldman Sachs opened a BRIC investment fund pegged to growth in these four nations. The moniker captured the global excitement about emerging powers at the time and transformed into a political grouping in 2009, when leaders of the four countries held their first summit. South Africa joined a year later.

BRICS as a political body has faced countless critics and doubters from the start. Analysts in the Western press largely described the outfit as nonsensical and predicted its imminent demise. In 2011, the Financial Times’ Philip Stevens announced it was “time to bid farewell” to the “BRICS without mortar.” A year later, another columnist at the paper, Martin Wolf, asserted that BRICS was “not a group” and that its members had “nothing in common whatsoever.” BRICS has also been described as a “motley crew,” “odd grouping,” “random bunch,” and “disparate quartet.” In 2015, Goldman Sachs decided to close the BRIC fund (which never grew to include South Africa) due to its low returns.

BRICS member countries have numerous differences and disagreements. While Brazil and Russia are commodity exporters, China is a commodity importer. Brazil, India, and South Africa are democratic countries with vibrant civil societies, but China and Russia are autocratic regimes. Brazil and South Africa are nonnuclear powers, in contrast to China, India, and Russia, which boast nuclear arsenals. Perhaps most seriously, China and India face an ongoing border conflict.

And yet, despite their differences, not one BRICS leader has ever missed the group’s annual summits. (Meetings took place virtually during the COVID-19 pandemic.) Instead of unraveling, diplomatic and economic ties have strengthened, and BRICS membership has become a central element to each member’s foreign-policy identity. Even significant ideological shifts—including the election of right-wing populist leaders such as India’s Narendra Modi in 2014 and Brazil’s Jair Bolsonaro in 2018—have not significantly altered countries’ commitment to the club.

Yet as BRICS approaches its 15th summit in Johannesburg this August, the grouping is experiencing an unprecedented disagreement over enlargement. The outcome will be a test of BRICS identity in the face of rising Chinese influence.

Despite the many disagreements and tensions among them, BRICS members have more in common than Western analysts often appreciate. The strategic benefits the outfit produces for its participants still far exceed its costs. Four aspects stand out.

First, all BRICS members see the emergence of multipolarity as both inevitable and generally desirable—and identify the bloc as a means to play a more active role in shaping the post-Western global order. Member states share a deep-seated skepticism of U.S.-led unipolarity and believe that the BRICS nations increase their strategic autonomy and bargaining power when negotiating with Washington. As Indian Foreign Minister Subrahmanyam Jaishankar said in opening remarks at the BRICS foreign ministers’ meeting in Cape Town, South Africa, on June 1, the concentration of economic power—presumably in the West—“leaves too many nations at the mercy of too few.”

Second, the BRICS grouping also provides privileged access to China, a country that has become enormously relevant for all other members. Brazil and South Africa in particular, which had only limited ties to Beijing prior to the group’s founding, have benefited from BRICS as they adapt to a more China-centric world. It’s not just the summits attended by heads of state: Ministers and other officials frequently gather to discuss issues such as climate, defense, education, energy, and health. And, largely under the radar, the grouping has organized countless annual meetings—in some years more than 100—involving government officials, think tanks, universities, cultural entities, and legislators. BRICS membership also granted countries a founding stake in the Shanghai-based New Development Bank (NDB), created during the fifth BRICS summit in 2013.

Third, BRICS members have generally treated each other as all-weather friends. The group has created a powerful diplomatic life raft for member countries that temporarily face difficulties on the global stage: Fellow BRICS states protected Russian President Vladimir Putin from diplomatic isolation after Russia annexed Crimea in 2014 and stood by Bolsonaro when he found himself globally isolated after his close ally Donald Trump’s failed reelection bid for the U.S. presidency. After Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022, Putin could again rely on the other BRICS countries to provide him explicit diplomatic and economic support (China), help circumvent sanctions (India), participate in military exercises (South Africa), or embrace his narratives about the war (Brazil). Without BRICS support, Russia would find itself in a far more difficult situation today.

Finally, being a member of the BRICS creates considerable prestige, status, and legitimacy for Brazil, Russia, and South Africa, which for years have stagnated economically and are now anything but emerging powers. Even as Brazil has fallen behind in its share of global GDP, analysts continue to describe it as an emerging power—which facilitates investment and allows the government in Brasília, the capital, to punch above its weight diplomatically. That some 20 countries are now seeking membership in the group only confirms the notion that the BRICS seal remains powerful.

It is precisely on this last issue that the grouping is facing its biggest disagreement since its inception 14 years ago. Beijing, which does not need to preserve the grouping’s exclusivity to retain its global status, has for years aimed to integrate new members and slowly transform the bloc into a China-led alliance. Since 2017, when it presented the “BRICS Plus” concept—a mechanism to bring countries closer to the outfit before eventually granting them full membership—Beijing has sought to put expansion on the agenda. Following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, expansion has also been of interest to Moscow, as it could help create a Russia-sympathetic bloc to counter Western attempts to isolate the country.

Brazil and India, on the other hand, have long been wary of adding new members to BRICS, as they have less to gain from a diluted club that includes smaller powers. Both Brasília and New Delhi fear that expansion would entail a loss of Brazilian and Indian influence within the group. In their eyes, new members would join largely to gain easier access to Beijing, making BRICS positions more China-centric and potentially less moderate. This explains why Jaishankar recently cautioned that deliberations on expansion were still a “work in progress,” and Brazilian Foreign Minister Mauro Vieira said that “BRICS is a brand and an asset, so we have to take care of it, because it means and represents a lot.” South Africa, which traditionally has the least influence within BRICS, has sought to hedge its bets.

There is no formal application process—or specific criteria—to become a BRICS member. Some countries have simply been added to the list of potential future members after an informal expression of interest. But in last year’s BRICS summit declaration, member countries vowed to promote “discussions among BRICS members on BRICS expansion process” and stressed “the need to clarify the guiding principles, the standards, criteria and procedures.” The debate about BRICS expansion is not directly related to the NDB, which in 2021 added Bangladesh, Egypt, the United Arab Emirates, and Uruguay as new members and announced that at least 30 percent of loans would be provided in the currencies of member states rather than the U.S. dollar.

In theory, each BRICS member has a veto over the group’s decisions, which explains why yearly summit declarations have often been vague. In practice, the grouping’s profound asymmetries—China’s GDP is larger than that of all other members combined—creates informal hierarchies. South Africa’s 2010 accession was led by China to bolster Beijing’s engagement on the African continent. It also made the IBSA grouping (of India, Brazil, and South Africa) superfluous. If killing IBSA was a desired side effect of South Africa’s BRICS membership—to show that three large democracies in the developing world discussing can’t discuss the future of the global south without China—Beijing succeeded: The 10th IBSA leaders’ summit, scheduled to take place in 2013, has been postponed indefinitely.

China and Russia may therefore succeed, despite Brazilian opposition and Indian skepticism, in adding new members to the club, particularly since Brazilian President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva—to his advisors’ chagrin—recently expressed support for inviting Venezuela to BRICS during improvised remarks.

Disagreements over whether to expand BRICS are about more than exclusivity and status. Several potential accession candidates—such as Iran, Syria, and Venezuela—have largely pursued an anti-Western foreign policy. Their integration could complicate Brazil’s and India’s efforts to preserve a nonaligned strategy amid growing tensions between the West and the Beijing-Moscow axis.

The key to BRICS’ success since 2009 has been its capacity to circumvent internal disagreements and focus on unifying themes, such as the desire to build a more multipolar world and strengthen south-south relations. India-China ties are notoriously fraught and, despite New Delhi’s decision to help Moscow export its oil, India has systematically sought to reduce its dependence on Russian weapons and increased its arms purchases from Europe. The status quo may be the best BRICS can achieve without exposing its rifts. While Russia has long attempted to position the BRICS grouping as an anti-Western bloc, Brazil and India have steadily sought to prevent Moscow from doing so.

The uncertainty about how the South African government in Pretoria should handle hosting the upcoming BRICS summit in Johannesburg reflects the dilemmas it and Brasília currently face in the context of growing tensions between Moscow and the West. Since South Africa is a party to the Rome Statute, the founding charter of the International Criminal Court (ICC), it would be obligated to arrest Putin—whom the ICC has indicted—if he attends. For months, South Africans have debated how to handle the delicate situation. As former South African President Thabo Mbeki recently pointed out: “We can’t say to President Putin, please come to South Africa, and then arrest him. At the same time, we can’t say come to South Africa, and not arrest him—because we’re defying our own law—we can’t behave as a lawless government.”

While hosting Putin without arresting him would strain South Africa’s ties to the West, not hosting him—or organizing the summit elsewhere—would dilute BRICS’ commitment to being all-weather friends. The most likely scenario is that South Africa finds a legal loophole to host Putin without detaining him—representing a diplomatic triumph for the Russian president.

Still, it is largely a lose-lose dilemma for South Africa, and means that being part of BRICS has started to have a tangible cost for the country by negatively affecting its ties to the United States and Europe. Pretoria has already had a taste of this: After South Africa drew closer to Russia after its invasion of Ukraine—including by allegedly supplying Moscow with weapons—the G-7 decided not to invite it as a guest to a recent summit, for the first time since South African President Cyril Ramaphosa took office in 2018. Unless the Russia-Ukraine war ends soon, Brazil—which has also signed the Rome Statute and is slated to host the G-20 summit in 2024 and the BRICS summit in 2025 —will soon face the same problem.

For all its ongoing challenges, BRICS generates many benefits for its members and is here to stay. Yet if the group announces the inclusion of new members during the upcoming summit in Johannesburg, it would be simplistic to interpret it as a sign of strength. Rather, expansion should be read as a sign of China’s growing capacity to determine the bloc’s overall strategy—and may reflect the emergence not of a multipolar order, but of a bipolar one.

[sa7abnews]

Focusing on Improving Credit Scores Can Lift People Up Across America

New Post has been published on https://sa7ab.info/2024/08/16/focusing-on-improving-credit-scores-can-lift-people-up-across-america/

Focusing on Improving Credit Scores Can Lift People Up Across America

In America, where you live can determine how long you live, and the disparity in life expectancy is not solely about access to healthcare or education. It’s intricately tied to something less obvious but profoundly impactful: your neighborhood’s average credit score. According to research from Operation HOPE, people in neighborhoods with an average credit score of 700 or higher can live 10 to 20 years longer than those in areas where the average score is around 580. This stark difference is a powerful indicator of how financial health directly correlates with overall well-being. The findings are clear: financial wellness is a crucial determinant of overall well-being and life expectancy.

A credit score is more than just a number; it’s a measure of financial stability, opportunity, and health. High-credit-score communities tend to have better access to credit, lower interest rates, and more opportunities for homeownership and entrepreneurship. This creates a positive cycle that strengthens the local economy and improves quality of life. Translation: More hope. In contrast, neighborhoods with lower credit scores often struggle with underinvestment, higher crime rates, and poorer health outcomes—issues that are exacerbated by the stress and financial instability that low credit scores represent.

The national average credit score recently hit 695, the highest in 13 years, thanks in part to the financial reprieve provided by the COVID-19 pandemic’s stimulus measures. However, this average masks significant disparities. In states like Mississippi, where the average credit score is as low as 666, the impacts of low financial health are felt most acutely. These communities often lack the resources and opportunities to improve their financial situation, trapping residents in a cycle of poverty and poor health. Mississippi has the lowest credit average and median credit score in America, and Minnesota has the highest in the nation, at 742. And this has a direct effect on one’s level of hope, “how you’re living,” and literally—how long you live.

Specifically, a difference of about 100-150 points in average credit scores between neighborhoods that are geographically close (for example, just 15 minutes apart) can correlate with a 20-year difference in life expectancy. If you live in a 500 credit score neighborhood, you are more likely than not to live to 61 on average, and if you live in a 700 credit score neighborhood that would average life span extends to 81 years on average.

If you live in a 500 credit score neighborhood—whether it be black and white urban, or poor white rural—here’s what you see: a check cashier, next to a payday lender, next to a (car) title lending store, next to a rent to own store, next to liquor store, and a church down the street, trying to make you feel just a little bit better once a week.

This is why we must focus on raising credit scores by an average of 100 points in these underserved communities, whether they are predominantly Black and brown urban areas or white rural ones.

Read More: Financial Literacy Is the Civil Rights Issue of This Generation

There’s a clear path forward to achieving this change. Communities should rally together to teach financial literacy at the earliest possible level, in schools and wherever you find our kids. Combine this financial literacy teaching with an aspirational moment, like you showing up as a guest instructor and wearing whatever professional gear that you wear to work, and presto, kids also have a living role model example of who they could be when they grow up. That use to be called home economics class where I grew up. More powerfully, you, local government leaders and business leaders should partner together to attack this community wide problem – coaching up individuals, communities and zip code areas near you with credit scores in the 500s. Your goal should be 100 point increase over a 12-18 month period. The easiest lift and an early success here is for individuals to send a letter to the three credit bureaus (Trans Union, Equifax, and Experian, a partner of Operation HOPE), challenging items that you and others identify as “errors on your credit report” (“well, that’s just not me or mine” typically qualifies). The Fair Credit Reporting Act states that if they cannot confirm the item or items, then they must remove them — within 30 days. When errors get removed like this, which happens often with my team of coaches, you can see an easy and quick 20-30 point score increase on your credit report. Think about what that early win does to your confidence and self esteem. It’s finally working for you then, versus working on you, or against you. And while organizations like mine are here to help, you can also download easy to use tools and do much of this yourself.

By improving credit scores, we can transform these neighborhoods into 700 credit score communities, where residents have better access to financial services, can borrow at lower interest rates, and are more likely to own homes and start businesses. These changes can lead to increased investment in the community, lower crime rates, better schools, and improved health outcomes. Simply put: More opportunity. More access. More capital. More optimism.

Imagine the impact if we could achieve this transformation across America. Within less than a decade, we could see a significant reduction in the economic and health disparities that have plagued our nation for generations.

The time to act is now. We have the tools and knowledge to make 700 credit score neighborhoods a reality, and in doing so, we can build a stronger, healthier, and more equitable America. This is not just a financial initiative; it’s a call to action for social justice, economic empowerment, and national renewal. Let’s commit to raising the credit scores of all Americans, from the urban centers to the rural heartlands, and create a nation where everyone has the opportunity to live a long, healthy, and prosperous life.

[swiftnliftnewsandarticle]

Economic Landscape Navigation

Examine information about the state of the world economy and potential investment opportunities in various areas and industries. Discover how to manage uncertainty in a dynamic market environment and make informed investment decisions by understanding how sector-specific dynamics, macroeconomic trends, and geopolitical developments interact.

Understanding the state of the international economy is crucial for investors in the interconnected world of finance in order to make wise choices in a volatile market. Finding investment possibilities and efficiently managing risks require a thorough awareness of the variables influencing the global economy, from sector-specific prospects to geopolitical changes and macroeconomic trends. We'll discuss the state of the world economy today and showcase investment opportunities in a variety of areas and industries in this post.

Global Economic Outlook: navigating uncertainty in the aftermath of the pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic's aftereffects, geopolitical unrest, supply chain disruptions, and fluctuating monetary and fiscal policies have left the world economy in a difficult and unpredictable place. The introduction of vaccinations has raised expectations for a robust economic rebound, but prospects for global growth remain clouded by the appearance of novel variations and regional disparities in immunization rates.

Furthermore, the global economic outlook is further clouded by geopolitical developments such as trade tensions, political unrest, and regional conflicts. The economic environment is becoming increasingly complex due to factors including supply chain constraints, rising inflationary pressures, and central bank policy reactions. As a result, investors must remain knowledgeable and flexible in their approach to investing.

Despite these obstacles, a number of variables—such as fiscal stimulus plans, accommodating monetary policies, and soaring consumer demand—are propelling economic recovery across a wide range of global regions. Opportunities across a range of geographies and sectors should present themselves to investors as economies progressively reopen and corporate activity picks back up.

Investment Possibilities by Region: Locating Growth Hubs

There are still disparities in the global economic recovery, but certain areas will fare better than others in the post-pandemic period. Investing in emerging markets, especially those in Asia, can be highly attractive due to their strong economic development, positive demographic trends, and swift technology advancements.

With a young and vibrant populace, a growing middle class, and a robust entrepreneurial ecosystem, India is another rising market giant. India's long-term economic potential, which is fueled by structural reforms, digital transformation, and infrastructure investments, is unaffected by the pandemic's immediate effects. A number of industries, including technology, healthcare, consumer products, and renewable energy, offer chances for investors interested in participating in India's economic boom.

Apart from Asia, unexplored territories like Latin America and Africa present opportunities for investors looking to get insight into developing economies. Even though these areas have unique risks and difficulties, such as political unpredictability, problems with governance, and economic volatility, they also provide possibilities for astute investors who can work through the difficulties and take advantage of long-term growth patterns.

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Rishi Sunak Claims Conservative Governance Has Improved Britain Since 2010

Rishi Sunak asserted during an interview on BBC's Sunday with Laura Kuenssberg that Conservative governance has markedly improved Britain since 2010, despite facing significant global challenges. Sunak highlighted numerous advancements achieved under his party's tenure and argued that Britain has become a better place to live compared to over a decade ago, attributing this progress to the Conservative Party's record in office. Acknowledging the profound impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and ongoing international conflicts, such as the situation in Ukraine, Sunak maintained an optimistic outlook regarding the country's current trajectory. He admitted that the past few years have been challenging but cited several positive economic indicators to support his claims. These included the normalization of inflation, sustained economic growth, rising wages, upcoming reductions in energy bills, and proposed tax cuts. Simon Walker / HM Treasury In response to questions about claims of regression in economic prosperity and public services quality under Conservative rule, Sunak firmly defended his government's record. He disagreed with assessments suggesting setbacks, pointing out improvements in education where British schoolchildren now rank among the top readers in the Western world. Sunak's comments come at a critical juncture as Britain approaches a general election, igniting a crucial debate on the nation's future direction. His optimistic assessment of the economy and social services is aimed at reassuring voters about the benefits of continued Conservative leadership. The reaction from analysts and commentators to Sunak's assertions has been varied. While some agree with the positive economic indicators he cited, others have expressed concerns about ongoing challenges in public services and economic disparities. Opposition parties swiftly countered Sunak's narrative, arguing that the benefits of Conservative policies have not been universally felt. Critics contend that austerity measures under Conservative administrations have exacerbated social inequalities and strained public services. As the electoral campaign intensifies, voters will evaluate Sunak's optimism against their own experiences and broader economic realities. The upcoming election will ultimately determine whether the Conservative Party's vision resonates with the electorate and shapes future policies. The debate over the impact of Conservative governance since 2010 is expected to dominate public discourse in the coming weeks, highlighting the importance of voter perceptions and policy choices in defining Britain's post-pandemic trajectory. Overall, Sunak's interview underscores the ongoing debate over the legacy of Conservative policies and their impact on Britain's socio-economic landscape. The upcoming United Kingdom general election, set for Thursday, 4 July 2024, holds significant importance as it will shape the composition of the House of Commons and thereby determine the country's government. This election will be pivotal in defining Britain's post-pandemic trajectory and the direction of its policies moving forward. Read the full article

[anncorn8899]

The Impact of COVID-19 on Rohnert Park’s Economy and Community.

Navigating Challenges:

COVID-19's Impact on Rohnert Park's Economy and Community The COVID-19 pandemic has brought unprecedented challenges to communities around the world, and Rohnert Park, California, is no exception. From economic downturns to social disruptions, the effects of the pandemic have been deeply felt by residents and businesses alike. Let's explore how COVID-19 has impacted Rohnert Park's economy and community, as well as the resilience and adaptation efforts undertaken to mitigate its effects. Click Here

1. **Economic Disruptions**: Like many cities across the globe, Rohnert Park's economy has been significantly impacted by the pandemic. Business closures, layoffs, and reduced consumer spending have led to financial hardships for local businesses and workers. Industries such as hospitality, retail, and entertainment have been particularly hard hit, as social distancing measures and travel restrictions have resulted in decreased tourism and foot traffic. Small businesses, in particular, have faced immense challenges in staying afloat amidst the economic uncertainty caused by the pandemic.

2. **Unemployment and Financial Strain**: The rise in unemployment rates has placed financial strain on many Rohnert Park residents, exacerbating existing socioeconomic disparities within the community. With job losses and reduced income, individuals and families have struggled to meet their basic needs, including housing, food, and healthcare. The economic downturn has highlighted the importance of social safety nets and support systems in providing assistance to those most vulnerable during times of crisis.

3. **Shifts in Work and Education**: The shift to remote work and virtual learning has transformed the way people in Rohnert Park work and study. While technology has enabled continuity in these areas, it has also highlighted disparities in access to digital resources and internet connectivity among residents. Students and workers have had to adapt to new ways of learning and collaborating, navigating challenges such as digital literacy and work-life balance in a virtual environment.

4. **Community Resilience and Support**: Despite the challenges posed by the pandemic, the Rohnert Park community has demonstrated resilience and solidarity in coming together to support one another. Local organizations, nonprofits, and volunteers have mobilized efforts to provide assistance to those in need, including food distribution, financial aid, and mental health resources. Community-driven initiatives and grassroots movements have emerged to address the unique needs of residents and businesses during this challenging time.

5. **Vaccination Efforts and Recovery Plans**: As vaccination efforts continue to ramp up, there is hope for a gradual recovery and reopening of the economy in Rohnert Park. Local businesses are adapting to new health and safety guidelines, implementing measures such as enhanced sanitation protocols and physical distancing to ensure the well-being of customers and employees. Economic recovery plans are underway, focusing on initiatives to stimulate growth, support small businesses, and create job opportunities for residents.

In conclusion, the COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound impact on Rohnert Park's economy and community, presenting both challenges and opportunities for growth and resilience. While the road to recovery may be long and arduous, the collective efforts of residents, businesses, and community organizations will play a crucial role in rebuilding and revitalizing Rohnert Park in the post-pandemic era. Through collaboration, innovation, and perseverance, the city will emerge stronger and more resilient than ever before.

[naziarafay203]

"President Biden’s Response to March Jobs Report: Key Insights and Analysis"

President Biden’s Reaction to Walk Occupations Report: Bits of knowledge & Investigation

In the wake of the recently published Walk Occupations report, President Biden has offered his insights and reactions, shedding light on the nation's economic landscape and the path forward. The report, which provides an in-depth analysis of job growth, unemployment rates, and wage trends for the month of March, serves as a crucial benchmark for policymakers and economists alike.

President Biden commended the report's findings, highlighting the robust job gains across various sectors of the economy. According to the report, the U.S. economy added a substantial number of jobs in March, exceeding expectations and signaling a strong recovery from the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic. The President emphasized the resilience of American workers and businesses, attributing the positive momentum to effective policy measures and widespread vaccination efforts.

However, President Biden also expressed concerns regarding the persistent disparities in employment among certain demographic groups and regions. The report revealed that while overall unemployment rates have declined, certain communities continue to face higher unemployment rates and limited job opportunities. In response, President Biden reaffirmed his administration's commitment to addressing these inequalities through targeted initiatives and investments in workforce development and education.

Furthermore, the President stressed the importance of continuing to support small businesses and entrepreneurs, who play a vital role in driving economic growth and creating jobs. He highlighted ongoing efforts to provide financial assistance, access to capital, and technical support to help small businesses recover and thrive in the post-pandemic economy.

In conclusion, President Biden's reaction to the March Walk Occupations report offers valuable insights into the state of the U.S. economy and the challenges and opportunities that lie ahead. While celebrating the encouraging job gains and economic progress, the President remains focused on addressing the underlying issues of inequality and supporting the most vulnerable communities. As the nation continues its recovery journey, President Biden's commitment to fostering inclusive growth and building a more resilient economy remains unwavering.

President Biden’s Response to March Jobs Report: Key Insights and Analysis

Positive Job Growth Highlights Recovery

President Biden has recently reacted to the March Jobs report, offering a comprehensive view of the economic progress made in the U.S. post-pandemic. The report, a vital tool for economists and policymakers, delves into job growth, unemployment rates, and wage trends.

Commendable Job Gains Across Sectors

President Biden lauded the report's positive findings, emphasizing the robust job gains seen across various sectors. March saw the U.S. economy adding a significant number of jobs, surpassing expectations. This trend underscores the country's resilience, a testament to effective policy measures and successful vaccination campaigns.

Addressing Persistent Employment Disparities

While celebrating the overall job growth, President Biden also voiced concerns about lingering employment disparities affecting certain demographic groups and regions.

Targeted Initiatives for Inclusive Growth

Acknowledging the disparities revealed in the report, President Biden reiterated his administration's dedication to tackling these inequalities head-on. He emphasized the importance of targeted initiatives and investments in workforce development and education to ensure that all Americans have access to quality job opportunities.

Supporting Small Businesses for Economic Resilience

President Biden highlighted the pivotal role of small businesses in driving economic growth and job creation, especially during the recovery phase.

Continued Assistance for Small Businesses

Recognizing the challenges faced by small businesses, President Biden discussed ongoing efforts to provide financial assistance, access to capital, and technical support. These measures aim to empower small businesses, enabling them to recover and thrive in the evolving economic landscape.Read more

Conclusion: A Focused Approach to Economic Recovery

President Biden’s reaction to the March Jobs report offers valuable insights into the current state of the U.S. economy. While celebrating the encouraging job gains and economic progress, the President remains committed to addressing the underlying issues of inequality and supporting vulnerable communities. As the nation continues its recovery journey, President Biden's dedication to fostering inclusive growth and building a resilient economy remains steadfast.

[newstfionline]

Wednesday, April 17, 2024

Covid pandemic made poorest countries even worse off, World Bank warns (Guardian) According to research by the World Bank “the rich get richer and the poor get poorer” also applies to countries—and Covid-19 has made the problem even worse. In a report released in concert with the bank’s bi-annual meeting, the financial institution found that, over the past five years, income per capita in half of the world’s 75 poorest countries rose more slowly than incomes in developed countries, indicating a growing wealth disparity between rich and poor nations. The data also shows that one-third of the countries eligible for the bank’s International Development Association (IDA) loans were poorer than they were before the Covid-19 pandemic. “These countries now account for 90% of all people facing hunger or malnutrition,” the Bank said. “Half of these countries are either in debt distress or at high risk of it. Still, except for the World Bank Group and other multilateral development donors, foreign lenders—private as well as government creditors—have been backing away from them.”

Stamps and U.S. mail decline (NPR) The cost of a Forever U.S. postage stamp will rise from 68 cents to 73 cents in July, following a price hike just this past January and the sixth increase since January 2021. Still, could be worse: Comparing the U.S. to 30 other peer countries, there are just four countries with cheaper stamps than the United States, and the 26 percent increase from June 2018 to June 2023 is half the average stamp price increase of 55 percent of those countries. One driver of the price hikes for first-class mail is declining volume, with the number of mailed items down 68 percent since 2007.

Wave of pro-Palestinian protests closes bridges, major roads across U.S. (Washington Post) Pro-Palestinian demonstrators blocked roads, highways and bridges across the country on Monday, snarling traffic and sparking arrests from coast to coast in what some activists declared to be a coordinated day of economic blockade to push leaders for a cease-fire in Gaza. The disruption appeared to span the country over several hours. Protesters in San Francisco parked vehicles on the Golden Gate Bridge, stopping traffic in both directions for four hours Monday morning, while hundreds of demonstrators blocked a highway in nearby Oakland, some by chaining themselves to drums of cement, California Highway Patrol representatives told The Washington Post. In New York, dozens of protesters stopped traffic on the Brooklyn Bridge and held demonstrations on Wall Street, according to ABC7. Pro-Palestinian demonstrations were also reported in Philadelphia, Chicago, Miami and San Antonio.

Venezuelans living abroad want to vote for president this year but can’t (AP) Giovanny Tovar left Venezuela five years ago in search of a job after his country came undone under the watch of President Nicolás Maduro. He now sells empanadas and tequeños in the streets of Peru’s capital, where he pushes around a small cart outfitted with a deep fryer. Tovar wants nothing more than to vote Maduro out of office. He sees an opportunity for change in July’s highly anticipated presidential election but he won’t be able to cast a vote. Neither will millions of other Venezuelan emigrants because of costly and time-consuming government prerequisites that are nowhere to be found in Venezuela’s election laws. More than half of the estimated 7.7 million Venezuelans who have left their homeland during the complex crisis that has marked Maduro’s 11-year presidency are estimated to be registered to vote in Venezuela. Analysts and emigrants assert people who left Venezuela during the crisis would almost certainly vote against Maduro if given the chance.

In Ukraine’s West, Draft Dodgers Run, and Swim, to Avoid the War (NYT) The roiling water can be treacherous, the banks are steep and slick with mud, and the riverbed is covered in jagged, hidden boulders. Yet Ukrainian border guards often find their quarry—men seeking to escape the military draft—swimming in these hazardous conditions, trying to cross the Tysa River where it forms the border with Romania. That thousands of Ukrainian men have chosen to risk the swim rather than face the dangers as soldiers on the eastern front highlights the challenge for President Volodymyr Zelensky as he seeks to mobilize new troops after more than two years of bruising, bloody trench warfare with Russia. “We cannot judge these people,” Lieutenant Tonkoshtan said. “But if all men leave, who will defend Ukraine?”

Sydney’s second knife attack in days being investigated as terrorist act (Washington Post) The stabbing of a Sydney bishop during a live-streamed church service is being investigated as a potential act of terrorism, police said Tuesday. A 16-year-old boy is in custody after police were called to an Assyrian church in suburban Sydney on Monday evening. They found a 53-year-old man with lacerations to his head. Another man, 39, suffered lacerations and a shoulder wound after he tried to intervene, police said. The boy had been restrained inside the building by members of the public. Christ the Good Shepherd Church said in a statement Tuesday that the attacker approached Bishop Mar Mari Emmanuel at the lectern as he was delivering a sermon at about 7:05 p.m. local time. The attacker lunged at the bishop with a concealed knife, delivering blows to his head and body. Parish priest Isaac Royel was also injured in the attack, the church said. The attack was captured on a live stream of the service on its Facebook page and on YouTube.

The Philippine president says he won’t give US access to more local military bases (AP) The Philippine president said Monday his administration has no plan to give the United States access to more Philippine military bases and stressed that the American military’s presence in several camps and sites so far was sparked by China’s aggressive actions in the disputed South China Sea. President Ferdinand Marcos Jr., who took office in 2022, allowed American forces and weapons access to four additional Philippine military bases, bringing to nine the number of sites where U.S. troops can rotate indefinitely under a 2014 agreement. Marcos’ decision last year alarmed China because two of the new sites were located just across from Taiwan and southern China. Beijing accused the Philippines of providing American forces with staging grounds, which could be used to undermine its security.

Israel’s War Leaders Don’t Trust One Another (WSJ) Six months into the conflict against Hamas, the Israeli public is deeply divided about how to win the war in the Gaza Strip. So, too, are the three top officials in the war cabinet meant to foster unity in that effort. Long-simmering grudges and arguments over how best to fight Hamas have soured relations between Israel’s wartime decision makers—Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, Defense Minister Yoav Gallant and the former head of the Israeli military, Benny Gantz. The three men are at odds over the biggest decisions they need to make: how to launch a decisive military push, free Israel’s hostages and govern the postwar strip. Now, they also must make one of the biggest decisions the country has ever faced: how to respond to Iran’s first-ever direct attack on Israeli territory. Their power struggle could affect whether the Gaza conflict spirals into a bigger regional fight with Iran that transforms the Middle East’s geopolitical order and shapes Israel’s relations with the U.S. for decades. “The lack of trust between these three people is so clear and so significant,” said Giora Eiland, a former Israeli general and national security adviser.

Retaliation for retaliation (Washington Post) After the retaliation, comes the retaliation. Israeli officials Monday said they would respond to the astonishing assault carried out two days prior by Iran that saw hundreds of ballistic and cruise missiles and drones launched from Iranian territory toward targets in the Jewish state. The Iranian barrage was successfully fended off by Israeli air defenses, backed by the United States and a number of the regional partners and allies. Nearly all of the Iranian launches were intercepted before they reached Israel. They inflicted no casualties. For Tehran, the attack was a response to an Israeli operation that killed seven senior Iranian officers of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps at an Iranian compound in Damascus, Syria. For Israel, the Iranian response demands its own reprisal. Gen. Herzi Halevi, chief of staff of the Israel Defense Forces, said Monday that “the launch of so many missiles and drones to Israeli territory will be answered with a retaliation.” What that would look like was unclear at the time of writing, though a new Israeli attack seemed in the cards. Iran and Israel have been locked for years in a tacit shadow war, punctuated by airstrikes, assassinations and acts of sabotage. But the current round of escalation has sharpened the prospect of open war between the two Middle East powers.

Ordinary Iranians Don’t Want a War With Israel (The Atlantic) You don’t need to be an expert on Iran to know some facts about Iranians in this moment: First, most are sick of the Islamic Republic and its octogenarian leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, who has been in charge since 1989, and whose rule has brought Iran economic ruin, international isolation, and now the threat of a war. You need only look at the majority of Iranians who have boycotted the past two nationwide elections, this year and in 2021, or the hundreds killed in the anti-regime protests of recent years to know that this government doesn’t represent Iranians. Second, the people of Iran have no desire to experience a war with Israel. Despite decades of indoctrination in anti-Israel and anti-Semitic sentiment by their government, Iranians harbor very little hostility toward Israel. In the past few months, many Arab capitals have seen mass demonstrations against Israel, but no such popular event has taken place in Iran. In fact, in the early stages of the Israel-Hamas war that broke out in October, many Iranians risked their lives by publicly opposing the anti-Israel campaign of the regime. Third, Iranians have a recent memory of how terrible war can be. I was born in Tehran in 1988, in the final throes of the brutal eight-year conflict that began when Iraq’s Saddam Hussein invaded Iran and continued for way too long because of the Iranian regime’s ideological crusade. The people of Iran know that their main enemy is at home, and that war will bring them only more repression and hardship.

Critics call out plastics industry over “fraud of plastic recycling” (CBS News) an Dell is a former chemical engineer who has spent years telling an inconvenient truth about plastics. “So many people, they see the recyclable label, and they put it in the recycle bin,” she said. “But the vast majority of plastics are not recycled.” About 48 million tons of plastic waste is generated in the U.S. each year; only 5 to 6 percent of it is actually recycled, according to the Department of Energy. The rest ends up in landfills or is burned. Dell founded a non-profit, The Last Beach Cleanup, to fight plastic pollution. Inside her garage in Southern California is all sorts of plastic with those little arrows on it that make us think they can be recycled. But, she said, “You’re being lied to.” Davis Allen, an investigative researcher with the Center for Climate Integrity, said the industry didn’t need for recycling to work: “They needed people to believe that it was working,” he said. “The plastics industry understands that selling recycling sells plastic, and they’ll say pretty much whatever they need to say to continue doing that. That’s how they make money.”

[greenthestral]

COVID-19 Pandemic: Unraveling the Global Learning Crisis

The COVID-19 pandemic has left an indelible mark on the world, disrupting economies, healthcare systems, and everyday life. One of the most significant areas affected by this unprecedented global crisis is education. With schools closing their doors to prevent the spread of the virus, the world has witnessed the deepening of a global learning crisis. The pandemic's impact on education has been profound, exacerbating existing inequalities and creating new challenges for learners, educators, and policymakers worldwide. In this article, we will delve into the ways the COVID-19 pandemic has intensified the global learning crisis and explore potential strategies to address these pressing issues.

The Disruption of Education During the Pandemic

When the World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 a pandemic in early 2020, governments worldwide swiftly implemented strict measures to curb the virus's spread. One of the most crucial measures was the closure of educational institutions. Overnight, classrooms turned into virtual learning environments, and educators had to adapt rapidly to online teaching methods.

While some countries were better equipped to transition to online education, others faced significant challenges due to a lack of infrastructure and access to technology. The digital divide became more pronounced as students from low-income families or remote regions struggled to keep up with their studies. As a result, millions of children and young adults were left without access to education, further exacerbating the global learning crisis.

Widening Educational Inequalities

The pandemic has widened existing educational inequalities worldwide. Students from privileged backgrounds with access to reliable internet connections, laptops, and private tutors were better equipped to continue their education remotely. On the other hand, students from marginalized communities often lacked the necessary resources to participate in online learning effectively.

Furthermore, learners with disabilities faced additional barriers, as many online platforms were not designed to accommodate their specific needs. This disparity in access to quality education has the potential to have far-reaching consequences, as it perpetuates social and economic inequalities for generations to come.

Learning Loss and the Educational Gap

Extended school closures and disrupted learning routines have resulted in significant learning loss for many students. Studies have shown that prolonged absences from the traditional classroom setting can lead to a decline in academic performance and cognitive development.

Moreover, the pandemic has created an educational gap between different age groups. Early childhood education, a critical developmental phase, has been severely impacted, potentially affecting children's long-term cognitive and social-emotional development. Similarly, older students faced the stress of delayed examinations, college admissions, and uncertainty about their future prospects.

Mental Health Impact on Students and Educators

The pandemic's toll on mental health has been considerable, impacting both students and educators. The abrupt shift to remote learning and the uncertainties surrounding the pandemic have caused stress, anxiety, and feelings of isolation among students. Many have struggled to cope with the challenges of online learning and the absence of social interactions with peers.

Educators, too, have faced unprecedented pressures, adapting to new teaching methods, dealing with technological challenges, and juggling personal responsibilities amidst the pandemic. The resulting burnout and fatigue among teachers have affected the overall quality of education and student support.

Solutions to Mitigate the Global Learning Crisis

While the COVID-19 pandemic has undoubtedly exacerbated the global learning crisis, there are several strategies that policymakers, educators, and communities can adopt to address these challenges and build a more resilient education system:

1. Bridging the Digital Divide

Governments and educational institutions must prioritize bridging the digital divide to ensure all students have equal access to quality education. This can be achieved through initiatives that provide laptops, tablets, or internet connectivity to students from disadvantaged backgrounds. Additionally, investing in the development of educational content optimized for low-tech devices can increase accessibility for students with limited resources.

2. Blended Learning Approaches

Blended learning, a combination of online and in-person instruction, can offer a flexible and inclusive approach to education. This approach allows for personalized learning experiences while maintaining the benefits of face-to-face interactions with teachers and peers. By incorporating digital tools and resources into the curriculum, educators can cater to diverse learning styles and individual needs.

3. Teacher Training and Professional Development

Empowering teachers with the necessary skills and tools to adapt to changing circumstances is crucial. Comprehensive training in online teaching methodologies and the use of technology in education can enhance the quality of remote learning. Moreover, providing ongoing professional development opportunities can help teachers stay motivated and engaged, ultimately benefiting their students' learning outcomes.

4. Prioritizing Early Childhood Education

Recognizing the significance of early childhood education, governments should prioritize resources for early learning programs. Investing in early childhood education can have a profound impact on children's cognitive and social development, setting them on a path to success in later years.

5. Strengthening Support Systems

To address the mental health challenges faced by students and educators, it is essential to establish robust support systems within educational institutions. Counseling services, peer support groups, and mental health awareness programs can create a nurturing and empathetic learning environment.

Conclusion

The COVID-19 pandemic has indeed deepened a global learning crisis, affecting millions of learners around the world. The disruption of education, widening educational inequalities, learning loss, and the mental health impact on students and educators have posed significant challenges to the education sector.

However, by implementing innovative strategies such as bridging the digital divide, adopting blended learning approaches, prioritizing teacher training, investing in early childhood education, and strengthening support systems, we can begin to mitigate the adverse effects of the pandemic on education.

As we navigate the path to recovery, it is vital for governments, educators, parents, and communities to come together and work collaboratively towards building a more resilient and inclusive education system that can withstand future challenges. Only through collective efforts can we ensure that every child has access to a quality education, regardless of the circumstances they may face. Let us seize this opportunity to reshape education for a brighter and more equitable future.

What's In It For Me? (WIIFM)

In this blog article on the COVID-19 pandemic's impact on education, you will gain a comprehensive understanding of how the global learning crisis has deepened in the wake of this unprecedented health crisis. Discover the challenges faced by students, educators, and policymakers, and explore effective strategies to address these issues. Learn about the widening educational inequalities, learning loss, and the mental health impact on learners and teachers. Moreover, find practical solutions and actionable steps to contribute to building a more resilient and inclusive education system for a brighter future.

Call to Action (CTA)

Join us in addressing the global learning crisis deepened by the COVID-19 pandemic. Share this article with your friends, family, and colleagues to spread awareness about the challenges faced by learners and educators worldwide. Engage in discussions about the importance of equitable access to quality education and the need for innovative solutions. Support initiatives that bridge the digital divide, prioritize early childhood education, and promote teacher training and professional development. Together, let's work towards building a stronger and more sustainable education system that can withstand future challenges.

Blog Excerpt

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound impact on education globally, deepening a pre-existing learning crisis. With schools closing their doors to curb the virus's spread, millions of students were left without access to education, exacerbating existing educational inequalities. This blog article delves into the far-reaching consequences of the pandemic on learners, educators, and communities. Discover how the sudden shift to remote learning widened the educational gap and led to learning loss among students. Uncover the mental health challenges faced by learners and teachers during these uncertain times. But, more importantly, explore actionable solutions to mitigate the global learning crisis and build a more resilient and inclusive education system.

Meta Description (320 characters)

Discover how the COVID-19 pandemic has deepened the global learning crisis. Explore its impact on education, widening inequalities, learning loss, and mental health challenges. Learn actionable strategies to address these issues and build a more resilient education system. Join us in shaping a brighter future.

[henrysmith778]

Henry Smith: Navigating the Investment Landscape in 2024

Global Investment Market Opportunities in 2024

Dr. Henry Smith, Head of Australian Affairs at Lonton, has released the latest investment outlook. While 2023 get rid of COVID-19, which marked a transition from the COVID-19 pandemic to a post-pandemic era, persistent monetary tightening and geopolitical risks continue to cause volatility in financial markets. Looking ahead to 2024, Dr. Smith suggests that major markets may experience slower growth but are likely to remain in a positive growth phase. In this "new normal" investment environment, Schroders is bullish on US stocks, Asian stocks, emerging stocks, and also recommends investing in investment-grade bonds, US high yield bonds, and emphasizes the importance of not overlooking gold and clean energy.

Dr. Smith points out that the high inflation environment and central bank tightening policies in 2022 and 2023 led to asset repricing, resulting in heightened uncertainty and risks. As the global economy moves towards positive growth in 2024, governments' efforts to combat inflation remain paramount, leading to continued volatility and disparities between regions and asset classes, favoring active investment strategies.

He illustrates how governments have been grappling with the dilemma of managing tightening policies in a high inflation environment while addressing concerns about economic slowdown due to rate hikes over the past two years. Although inflation has moderated, achieving the Fed's target of 2% is still challenging. Labor market pressures, which contributed to inflationary pressures in the past, have eased as more people return to the workforce post-pandemic, but wage pressures on the corporate side have yet to return to pre-pandemic levels. Additionally, the decline in consumers' excess savings rates from pandemic levels is gradually decreasing, but the potential for elevated consumption expenditure to create another wave of inflation remains a concern.

In terms of the stock market, Dr. Smith believes that the performance of US and Asian stocks in 2024 is promising given the overall positive global economic environment. For US stocks, he sees particular potential in the technology innovation sector driven by AI demand. While this year has mostly focused on the leading tech giants, other companies emerging from this sector are likely to rise in tandem with the economic growth environment next year.

Furthermore, with stable PMI trends in China and India and improving data in South Korea and Taiwan, compared to the Eurozone where PMI remains weak, Dr. Smith expects better performance from Asian and emerging markets stocks compared to European markets next year.

Dr. Smith also anticipates a reversal in currency performance in 2024, expecting Asian currencies and the Japanese yen to strengthen. Asian currencies, including China, Taiwan, and South Korea, are expected to benefit from the global goods cycle recovery, leading to improved export data. Meanwhile, the yen is expected to strengthen against the euro, particularly as Japan's recent inflationary pressures and resilient manufacturing and services PMI contrast with the rapid deterioration of PMI values in Europe, especially in Germany.

In the bond market, with divergent performance in the global bond market in 2023, with corporate bonds outperforming government bonds, and European bonds outperforming US bonds, Dr. Keiko Kondo remains bullish on corporate bonds in 2024. She believes it's prudent to invest in both investment-grade and high-yield corporate bonds, and also finds emerging market local currency bonds attractive, advocating for a diversified bond strategy.

She explains that US investment-grade bonds are supported by next year's economic fundamentals, with current yield levels reaching 5%, while European investment-grade bonds also offer 4.6%, making global investment-grade bonds attractive to investors in terms of both price and yield.

On the other hand, compared to the Russell 2000 index, US high-yield bonds are expected to outperform. The current credit spread in the US high-yield bond market implies a high default rate, indicating potential for future price increases, making high-yield bonds more valuable than small-cap stocks.

As for emerging market local currency bonds, with expectations of a weakening US interest rate environment in 2024, they are expected to benefit from higher yields, making them more favorable in the future market.

Furthermore, Dr. Smith recommends diversifying portfolios to include gold, clean energy, and cryptocurrency assets. Gold prices surged last year and Dr. Kondo remains optimistic for next year; starting from the Russia-Ukraine war, gold has served as a hedge against risk, offering diversified returns, and central banks have been net buyers of gold since 2022, a trend expected to continue in 2024, making gold an indispensable part of investment portfolios.

Regarding last year's emphasis on clean energy and alternative assets, Schroders' views remain unchanged this year. Dr. Smith adds that the Russia-Ukraine war has accelerated many countries' processes of energy diversification and energy transition. Although valuations of energy transition-related companies have declined with rising interest rates, the imbalance between supply and demand and attractive prices have created investment opportunities. As for alternative assets, considering their differences and even negative correlations with other major asset classes, Dr. Smith recommends incorporating alternative assets through diversified asset allocation. Finally, the increasingly prominent private debt in the private equity field, where larger companies are increasingly able to lend and the average lending size is growing, presents investment opportunities that should not be overlooked.

Additionally, Dr. Smith has also released his top ten predictions for 2024: First, he is bullish on US stocks (S&P 500 Index); Second, he is optimistic about investment-grade credit bonds; Third, he favors US non-investment-grade bonds (relative to the Russell 2000 Index); Fourth, he sees potential in local currency bonds in emerging markets; Fifth, he is bullish on gold; Sixth, he has a positive outlook on Asian stocks/emerging market stocks (relative to European stocks); Seventh, he is bullish on Asian currencies (relative to the US dollar); Eighth, he sees potential in the Japanese yen (relative to the euro); Ninth, he is optimistic about clean energy; Tenth, he sees promise in private equity assets.

Dr. Henry Smith, born in Melbourne, Australia, in 1979, moved to the United States with his parents during high school. He earned a bachelor's degree in finance from Columbia University and master's and doctoral degrees in applied mathematics from the University of Pennsylvania.

Certifications:

He holds the Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA), Certified Management Accountant (CMA), and US Certified Public Accountant (USCPA) certifications. He has previously worked at Goldman Sachs and BlackRock, primarily responsible for investment operations in Hong Kong, and is currently responsible for Australian affairs at Lonton Wealth Management Center LTD.

[employehub]

Indian CEOs’ average salary has increased by 40% to Rs 13.8 crore compared to the pre-Covid-19 period.

Surge in Indian CEOs’ Salaries Amidst Covid-19 Recovery

Amidst the tumultuous economic landscape brought about by the Covid-19 pandemic, Indian CEOs have experienced a significant uptick in their average salaries. According to recent reports, there has been a staggering 40% increase in the average CEO salary, reaching Rs 13.8 crore, when compared to the pre-Covid-19 period. This surge in compensation reflects not only the resilience of the Indian corporate sector but also the adaptability and strategic leadership demonstrated by these executives during challenging times.

Rise in CEO Salaries

The increase in Indian CEOs’ salaries can be attributed to various factors. Firstly, the pandemic has accelerated digital transformation across industries, leading to increased reliance on technology and innovation. CEOs who successfully navigated their companies through this transition are being rewarded for their vision and strategic acumen. Additionally, amidst economic uncertainties, shareholders and boards of directors prioritize stable and effective leadership, driving up the demand for experienced CEOs, thus pushing their compensation higher.

Impact of Covid-19

The Covid-19 pandemic has served as a catalyst for change, reshaping the dynamics of corporate governance and executive compensation. While many industries faced unprecedented challenges and disruptions, certain sectors witnessed exponential growth and profitability. CEOs leading companies in these resilient sectors, such as technology, healthcare, and e-commerce, have been instrumental in capitalizing on emerging opportunities and mitigating risks, thereby justifying the substantial increase in their salaries.

Alignment with Performance

It’s crucial to note that the surge in CEO salaries is often closely tied to performance metrics and shareholder value creation. Despite the challenging economic environment, CEOs who managed to maintain or enhance their companies’ profitability, market share, and brand reputation have been rewarded accordingly. This alignment between compensation and performance incentivizes CEOs to make strategic decisions that drive sustainable growth and long-term value creation for stakeholders.

Criticism and Concerns

However, the significant rise in CEO salaries has sparked criticism and raised concerns about income inequality and corporate governance. Some argue that such exorbitant compensation packages are unjustified, especially in a period of widespread economic distress and job losses. There are calls for greater transparency and accountability in the executive pay-setting process to ensure that CEO salaries are commensurate with their actual contributions and performance.

Broader Economic Implications

The surge in CEO salaries also has broader economic implications. While it reflects the robustness of certain sectors and the resilience of corporate leadership, it also exacerbates income inequality and societal disparities. The growing disparity between executive compensation and average worker wages raises questions about social justice and economic fairness. As such, there is a growing demand for reforms in executive compensation practices to address these systemic issues and promote more equitable distribution of wealth.

Long-term Sustainability

For the corporate sector to thrive in the post-pandemic era, it’s imperative to prioritize long-term sustainability and stakeholder value over short-term gains. CEOs must balance the interests of various stakeholders, including employees, customers, shareholders, and the wider community, in their decision-making process. Sustainable business practices, ethical leadership, and corporate social responsibility initiatives are essential for building trust, resilience, and enduring success in the face of evolving challenges and uncertainties.

Conclusion

[kspp]

Inequality in the booming Indian economy

After the introduction of the economic reforms during the 90s, the Indian economy has seen an upsurge in its growth, making itself an important player in the world economy. Although it is still a relatively poor country, its rapid economic growth has led to a significant fall in the number of people living below the poverty line, improving their living standards. However, despite a burgeoning economy and reduction in poverty, the inequality in terms of distribution of income and wealth tends to be on the rise. It should be a matter of concern for academicians and the government to reduce poverty and economic inequality; nevertheless, many economists suggest that economic growth is collateral. But to what extent are these inequalities fair and just?

The United Nations 2015 adopted 17 Sustainable Development Goals as a universal call to end poverty and reduce income inequalities; however, dominance by the affluent in market economies does not allow for such measures to take place effectively, and such policies are not pursued to a much greater extent by governments is a sad reality.

Historically, inequality has existed across marginalized communities of SCs, STs, OBCs and minorities living in an absolute deprivation of economic resources. It is noted that inequalities across religious and caste groups are far worse. Hindu Forward castes are much better than the national average; however, Muslims are worse off than the urban Dalits and Adivasis.

Speaking of gender inequalities, as discussed, women being more prone to precarious employment puts them a risk of oppression by men due to increasing inequalities.

The gap in income and consumption expenditure inequalities has been greater in urban areas than rural; nonetheless, in the post-reform period, it has widened in most Indian states and in India. As India’s single most important asset, the land is more unequally distributed than other economic resources.

It is also vital to note that consumption plays an important role in calculating inequality.

Consumption represents typical income and is considered more stable than measured income, which is subject to seasonal fluctuations. This usually happens as people try to balance out their spending overtime when their income changes by borrowing or saving.

The Indian government, in order to alleviate poverty, has stressed rapid economic growth, for growth has generated employment to alleviate poverty but has failed to address growing relative deprivation among individuals, which has pushed the downtrodden further down the road. According to the latest World Inequality Report 2022, India appears as a poor and economically unequal country with widening differences between the rich and the poor with an affluent elite with the top 10% of the population owning 57% of the total national income and the bottom 50% owning only 13%. These figures represent how focusing on absolute deprivation than relative deprivation of the poor leads to poor economic growth.

Therefore, a reduction in relative income inequality can help boost the economy. Focusing on economic growth to alleviate poverty and also stressing government intervention in reducing economic disparity can help achieve overall gains for the country.

To provide the economic benefits to all, progressive taxation of individual income and wealth of the rich and providing cash transfers and subsidies to the poor will expand the economic gains of the poor. Moreover, an increase in minimum wage during an increase in inflation can help boost the economy. The recent spread of COVID-19 disease has further exacerbated the trend of economic inequality by making the poor jobless. Many had to suffer severely because of poor public health conditions. Government expenditure on education and health care and social welfare is said to reduce inequality. Investing in health care for the poor and improving quality education for them can help boost the economy as it will open the door to opportunities which will have a positive impact on eliminating group based negative discrimination and promoting societal cohesion. Furthermore, providing equal opportunities for growth to the poor will help boost the economy and help limit the role of money in politics as the powerful often tend to influence policy-making and will help strengthen their trust in the legitimacy of the political system.

How income inequality in India can be narrowed. (2022, February 16). The Hindu BusinessLine: Business Financial, Economy, Market, Stock – News & Updates. How income inequality in India can be narrowed

When it comes to inequality, consumption is what matters.(2016, April 7). Economics21. When It Comes to Inequality, Consumption Is What Matters

How economic inequality is widening in today’s India.(2015, August 5).Down To Earth | Latest news, opinion, analysis on environment & science issues | India, South Asia. How economic inequality is widening in today’s India

WEISSKOPF, T. E. (2011). Why Worry about Inequality in the Booming Indian Economy? Economic and Political Weekly, 46(47), 41–51. Why Worry about Inequality in the Booming Indian Economy?

[henrysmith00]

Henry Smith Forecasts Global Investment Market Opportunities in 2024

Dr. Henry Smith, Head of Australian Affairs at Lonton, has released the latest investment outlook. While 2023 get rid of COVID-19, which marked a transition from the COVID-19 pandemic to a post-pandemic era, persistent monetary tightening and geopolitical risks continue to cause volatility in financial markets. Looking ahead to 2024, Dr. Smith suggests that major markets may experience slower growth but are likely to remain in a positive growth phase. In this “new normal” investment environment, Schroders is bullish on US stocks, Asian stocks, emerging stocks, and also recommends investing in investment-grade bonds, US high yield bonds, and emphasizes the importance of not overlooking gold and clean energy.

Dr. Smith points out that the high inflation environment and central bank tightening policies in 2022 and 2023 led to asset repricing, resulting in heightened uncertainty and risks. As the global economy moves towards positive growth in 2024, governments’ efforts to combat inflation remain paramount, leading to continued volatility and disparities between regions and asset classes, favoring active investment strategies.

He illustrates how governments have been grappling with the dilemma of managing tightening policies in a high inflation environment while addressing concerns about economic slowdown due to rate hikes over the past two years. Although inflation has moderated, achieving the Fed’s target of 2% is still challenging. Labor market pressures, which contributed to inflationary pressures in the past, have eased as more people return to the workforce post-pandemic, but wage pressures on the corporate side have yet to return to pre-pandemic levels. Additionally, the decline in consumers’ excess savings rates from pandemic levels is gradually decreasing, but the potential for elevated consumption expenditure to create another wave of inflation remains a concern.

In terms of the stock market, Dr. Smith believes that the performance of US and Asian stocks in 2024 is promising given the overall positive global economic environment. For US stocks, he sees particular potential in the technology innovation sector driven by AI demand. While this year has mostly focused on the leading tech giants, other companies emerging from this sector are likely to rise in tandem with the economic growth environment next year.

Furthermore, with stable PMI trends in China and India and improving data in South Korea and Taiwan, compared to the Eurozone where PMI remains weak, Dr. Smith expects better performance from Asian and emerging markets stocks compared to European markets next year.

Dr. Smith also anticipates a reversal in currency performance in 2024, expecting Asian currencies and the Japanese yen to strengthen. Asian currencies, including China, Taiwan, and South Korea, are expected to benefit from the global goods cycle recovery, leading to improved export data. Meanwhile, the yen is expected to strengthen against the euro, particularly as Japan’s recent inflationary pressures and resilient manufacturing and services PMI contrast with the rapid deterioration of PMI values in Europe, especially in Germany.

In the bond market, with divergent performance in the global bond market in 2023, with corporate bonds outperforming government bonds, and European bonds outperforming US bonds, Dr. Keiko Kondo remains bullish on corporate bonds in 2024. She believes it’s prudent to invest in both investment-grade and high-yield corporate bonds, and also finds emerging market local currency bonds attractive, advocating for a diversified bond strategy.

She explains that US investment-grade bonds are supported by next year’s economic fundamentals, with current yield levels reaching 5%, while European investment-grade bonds also offer 4.6%, making global investment-grade bonds attractive to investors in terms of both price and yield.

On the other hand, compared to the Russell 2000 index, US high-yield bonds are expected to outperform. The current credit spread in the US high-yield bond market implies a high default rate, indicating potential for future price increases, making high-yield bonds more valuable than small-cap stocks.

As for emerging market local currency bonds, with expectations of a weakening US interest rate environment in 2024, they are expected to benefit from higher yields, making them more favorable in the future market.

Furthermore, Dr. Smith recommends diversifying portfolios to include gold, clean energy, and cryptocurrency assets. Gold prices surged last year and Dr. Kondo remains optimistic for next year; starting from the Russia-Ukraine war, gold has served as a hedge against risk, offering diversified returns, and central banks have been net buyers of gold since 2022, a trend expected to continue in 2024, making gold an indispensable part of investment portfolios.

Regarding last year’s emphasis on clean energy and alternative assets, Schroders’ views remain unchanged this year. Dr. Smith adds that the Russia-Ukraine war has accelerated many countries’ processes of energy diversification and energy transition. Although valuations of energy transition-related companies have declined with rising interest rates, the imbalance between supply and demand and attractive prices have created investment opportunities. As for alternative assets, considering their differences and even negative correlations with other major asset classes, Dr. Smith recommends incorporating alternative assets through diversified asset allocation. Finally, the increasingly prominent private debt in the private equity field, where larger companies are increasingly able to lend and the average lending size is growing, presents investment opportunities that should not be overlooked.

Additionally, Dr. Smith has also released his top ten predictions for 2024: First, he is bullish on US stocks (S&P 500 Index); Second, he is optimistic about investment-grade credit bonds; Third, he favors US non-investment-grade bonds (relative to the Russell 2000 Index); Fourth, he sees potential in local currency bonds in emerging markets; Fifth, he is bullish on gold; Sixth, he has a positive outlook on Asian stocks/emerging market stocks (relative to European stocks); Seventh, he is bullish on Asian currencies (relative to the US dollar); Eighth, he sees potential in the Japanese yen (relative to the euro); Ninth, he is optimistic about clean energy; Tenth, he sees promise in private equity assets.

Dr. Henry Smith, born in Melbourne, Australia, in 1979, moved to the United States with his parents during high school. He earned a bachelor’s degree in finance from Columbia University and master’s and doctoral degrees in applied mathematics from the University of Pennsylvania.

Certifications:

He holds the Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA), Certified Management Accountant (CMA), and US Certified Public Accountant (USCPA) certifications. He has previously worked at Goldman Sachs and BlackRock, primarily responsible for investment operations in Hong Kong, and is currently responsible for Australian affairs at Lonton Wealth Management Center LTD.

[digitalmarketinglandscapesafrin]

Exploring Bangladesh's Educational Development: From Tradition to Revolution

Education in Bangladesh has undergone a profound evolution, shaped by historical, socio-economic, and technological factors. From its traditional roots to the modern era of digitization, this article delves into the multifaceted journey of education in Bangladesh, highlighting key milestones, challenges, and the transformative impact of technology on the educational landscape.

I. Historical Foundations: Traditional Education Systems Bangladesh has a rich history of traditional education systems deeply rooted in cultural and religious practices. The Madrasa system, dating back centuries, played a pivotal role in imparting Islamic education. Simultaneously, Sanskrit-based education centres contributed to the dissemination of Hindu religious knowledge.

Historically, access to education was limited, and the curriculum predominantly focused on religious studies. Formalized structures for widespread education were relatively scarce, and literacy rates were low.

II. Colonial Influence and the Emergence of Modern Education The British colonial period marked a significant turning point in the evolution of education in Bangladesh. The establishment of formal schools and the introduction of a Western-style education system aimed at creating a class of clerks and administrators to serve the colonial administration.

The advent of modern education institutions, such as Dhaka College in the 19th century, marked a departure from traditional educational norms. However, access remained restricted, primarily benefiting the elite class.

III. Post-Independence Reforms: A Push for Universal Education The liberation of Bangladesh in 1971 brought about a renewed focus on education as a means of national development. The government initiated various educational reforms, emphasizing the importance of access to education for all citizens.

Key reforms included the National Education Policy, which sought to eradicate illiteracy and promote universal primary education. Efforts were made to bridge gender gaps, recognizing the importance of educating girls for societal progress.

IV. Challenges and Strides in Access to Education While progress has been made, challenges persist in ensuring widespread access to quality education. Economic disparities, geographical constraints, and gender-based barriers remain hurdles. Remote areas often face a shortage of educational infrastructure and qualified teachers.

Nonetheless, initiatives such as stipends for girls, community-based schools, and awareness campaigns have contributed to increased enrollment and a gradual shift towards a more inclusive educational landscape.

V. The Digital Revolution: Technology's Impact on Education The advent of the digital era has brought about a revolutionary transformation in the way education is accessed and delivered in Bangladesh. The proliferation of smartphones, internet connectivity, and digital platforms has created unprecedented opportunities for remote learning and skill development.

Online education platforms, educational apps, and e-learning resources have become integral components of the modern educational experience. These technologies have democratized access to information, breaking down barriers related to geography and socio-economic status.

VI. Distance Learning and Virtual Classrooms The COVID-19 pandemic further accelerated the adoption of online education in Bangladesh. With physical classrooms temporarily closed, educational institutions swiftly pivoted to virtual classrooms and remote learning methods.

This shift highlighted both the resilience of the education sector and the potential of technology to facilitate uninterrupted learning. Virtual classrooms not only provided a solution during crises but also opened avenues for blended learning models that combine traditional methods with digital tools.

VII. Skills for the 21st Century: The Role of Vocational Education As the demands of the job market evolve, there is a growing recognition of the importance of vocational education. Vocational training programs equip students with practical skills and technical know-how, aligning education more closely with industry needs.

Initiatives to promote vocational education and technical training aim to address the mismatch between traditional academic curricula and the skills demanded by the job market, fostering a workforce that is more adaptable and industry-ready.

VIII. International Collaborations and Global Learning Opportunities Bangladesh has increasingly engaged in international collaborations in the education sector. Partnerships with foreign universities, exchange programs, and joint research initiatives contribute to a globalized approach to education.

International exposure enhances the quality of education, provides students with diverse perspectives, and fosters cross-cultural understanding. These collaborations position Bangladesh within the global educational landscape, promoting academic excellence and research contributions.

IX. Challenges and Opportunities in Higher Education While strides have been made in primary and secondary education, challenges persist in the higher education sector. Issues such as infrastructure limitations, outdated curricula, and a shortage of qualified faculty members need attention.

However, ongoing efforts to address these challenges, combined with the integration of technology and global collaborations, present opportunities for the higher education sector to undergo transformative reforms.

X. Conclusion: Charting the Future of Education in Bangladesh The evolution of education in Bangladesh is a dynamic journey marked by resilience, reforms, and a growing embrace of technology. From its traditional roots to the digital age, education in Bangladesh continues to adapt to societal needs and global trends.

As the nation navigates the challenges of access, quality, and relevance, there is an inherent optimism fueled by ongoing reforms, international collaborations, and the transformative power of technology. The future of education in Bangladesh holds the promise of a more inclusive, innovative, and globally competitive landscape, where every citizen has the opportunity to unlock their full potential through education.