#while ray maintains focus throughout - frustrated by focused
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momecat · 5 years ago
Audio
“As enemy fires too many mortars, 40 vehicles in single file must turn around, and Sgt. Brad Colbert calms Cpl. Ray Person down”
- Clip 2 of 3, from some of the 48 hours of recorded audio. (x)
Transcript
Ray: What’s that?
Brad: Who’s vehicle are those?
Ray: That’s ours.
Brad: No shit. What platoon?
Ray: I can’t see. I couldn’t see. – Yeah.
Brad: I-I don’t know what you’re doing. Would you tell me what you’re doing?
Ray: Uh – following on 2-0, they pull up beside the road. Three is finally come around. They’re gonna pull through – we’re gonna pull through Assassin. And then go to the 1-3.
Brad: I’m watching our Lieutenant’s vehicle on the side of the berm. I’m wondering why we aren’t there too – is that required of us?
Ray: Uh, no. Everyone else is leaving – they should get their vehicle quickly, before they get left behind – there they go! (loud HMMWV noise) Go around. Boo – goddammit!
Brad: Alright. Everything’s cool. It’s cool.
Ray: They’re trying to go too. Fuc–
Brad: Let them go. Let them go! Let. Them. Go. It is Oh-kay. It is O-kay. Alright? Be cool. 2-0-2-1.
Ray: I can’t hear you.
Brad: (repeats) 2-0-2-1.
Ray: Nope.
Brad: 2-0-2-1 –
Ray: Someone’s gotta hop on- hot key.
Brad: – 2-0-2-1. 2-0-2-1.
Ray: I got you.
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dragonofdarknesschaos · 4 years ago
Note
I've been thinking (because I'm quarantined and bored, sorry )..how it could be possible for Jack to form a good friendship? ...I mean even if a person shows affection, good intentions or a real interest on his stuff... the chance of Jack's betrayal is still there. I don't know I'm wondering ..if he can have a healthy friendship.
*cackles*  Jack Spicer, as he is in XS, is not capable of forming a stable and healthy relationship, despite the fact that he desperately wants and needs one.  And if that ain’t the tragedy of the whole series.
The Jack of Showdown
Just when Jack finally starts to actually warm up and be open and honest about his feelings with others, he either gets grossly mistreated (“The Deep Freeze,” “The Apprentice”) or is presented with the choice of being loved and accepted, despite who he is and what he’s done, or giving in to his baser instincts and double crossing his new would-be friends to get praised by someone who could not care less about him (“The Apprentice”).  It’s difficult to tell if Jack feels he doesn’t deserve to be happy for some deep and personal reason, or if he’s so focused on being seen as EVIL™ and not good; that he believes he must take any and all opportunities to prove his evil worth.  Whatever the reason, the Jack in XS would need someone that will stick by his side no matter what decisions he makes, or what actions he takes to push that person away.  Someone who unconditionally supports him and wants to be by his side.  The problem is, that’s more of a pet and has the potential to become quite toxic.
The Jack of Chronicles
As for the Jack of XC, he has some boundaries, and he’s not quite as ruthless.  He knows he’s kind of a loser, but he still really wants a girlfriend to help boost his sense of masculine ego.  But more importantly, he just wants a friend, to the point that he was willing to pay people to hang out with him (just like in XS “Something Jermaine,” “Judging Omi” and XC’s “Magic Stallion and the Wild Wild West,” “Buddy Blue Ray and the Golden Bunnies,” and “Heal Me”).
Jack enjoys Wuya’s company, but she gets frustrated with his lack of action in favor of building capital or just having fun (the Golden Toilet arc, “Super Cow Patty,” “Tokyo Madness,” and “Omi Saves the Holidays” among many others).  Jack seems to have moved out of his parent’s basement, and is now in his own warehouse/factory, so he’s really trying to focus on starting up his Evil Business idea and often refers to himself as an “evil entrepreneur” throughout the series.  While Wuya appreciates the “go get ‘em” spirit, she still feels that Jack isn’t doing enough to help her, which is the whole reason they teamed up in the first place.  Because of her nagging attitude and matriarchal approach to the relationship, Jack often feels smothered and refuses to act.  However, he still has boundaries and refuses to do certain things if they are not in his interests as well (“Back in the Flesh Again”).
Jack and Shadow
With Wuya as Jack’s pseudo-mother, he needs a datemate to call his own.  Gone is his curiosity in Kimiko (though he does seem to think she’s still cool), but if it’s any other girl, he will do his best to impress her.
Case in point Willow--who he tried to ask on a date if he won the Showdown Trio in “The Fall of Xiaolin.”  She strongly states that she isn’t interested in him in the least, and because the two never see each other again, I would assume Jack dropped the pursuit.
Shadow on the other hand, he likely sees a lot of himself in her.  They’re both evil, admire Chase, they seem about the same age, and... that’s about where the similarities end.  Shadow’s actions say that she is repulsed by Jack, but she never pushes him away, and even praises his “doo-hickies” (“The Laws of Nature,” “Rocco”).  With the use of camera drones, Jack witnessed a lot of the private behavior and abuse between Chase and Shadow, and even some of the abuse in person ( “Tigress Woo,” “Rocco”).  Even the cold open of “Who Shrunk Master Fung?” features Jack being very careful not to harm a strange bird, who is later revealed to be Shadow.  Case in point, the Jack of XC has a streak of kindness in him, and it is unclear if Shadow sees that and resents Jack for having it, or if she admires that aspect of him.  Regardless, after the events of “The Laws of Nature,” where Jack effectively double crosses Chase (and her by extension), Shadow likely made the choice to never trust Jack completely.  She double crosses him at the end of their wonderful team up in “Back in the Flesh Again.”  And Jack doesn’t even get upset or angry about the loss and betrayal.  He’s even more smitten and tries to brag to Omi and Ping Pong before realizing they aren’t into it and flies off.
Overall Jack and Shadow have feasible grounds for a relationship--even a romantic one--if they could both create some honesty and trust between each other, but neither is willing to do that, despite Jack’s over sharing (literally every time he opens his mouth around Chase).  For further reading on Jack’s relationship with Shadow and Chase, check out this post.
Jack doesn’t interact with Tigress, Kimiko’s older sister, much, but he does bother to keep tabs on her and warns Kimiko about her sister’s more nefarious activities (“Tigress Woo”).  It’s unclear if he did this in an effort to get closer to the Monks as a friend, or if he was stalking Tigress because he was attracted to her.  In either case, Tigress is never seen again or mentioned by Jack.
Jack’s Other Interests
There are a handful of episodes in XC that revolve around Jack seeing or meeting another evil-doer and fixating on them, often trying to model himself after them in some fashion.  He does this with PandaBubba to a lesser extent in “Magic Stallion and the Wild Wild West,” then goes full blown fan for Super Cow Patty (in his self-titled episode) and later Le Mime in the same episode, making fan videos and full costumes with personas for both his fixations.  In both instances with the truly evil characters (PB and Le Mime), Jack was looking for a sense of acceptance by an Evil Businessman and entrepreneurial peer, and a sense of belonging to a larger community with Le Mime and his henchmen.  That desire for belonging to a larger community is reiterated earlier in the series with “Heal Me” and Reverse!Jack’s cult.
However, when presented with an actual fan of his, Tiny Sim, Jack is actually somewhat reluctant to have the fan tag along with him.  And maybe that was for the best, as Jack soon discovers that the fan he inspired to become Evil is actually a lot better at it than he, himself, is (“Drawn to be Evil”).  In retaliation, Jack confines the fan to being just a creative idea intern.  Jack is essentially taking credit for all of Tiny Sim’s ideas, and not paying the kid a thing.  Sim, either because he’s doing what his idol taught, or because he feels cheated, makes it a priority to take a Wu or two when he can out of Jack’s stash (“Mark of the Dragon Spirit”).  Sadly, the series ended before the relationship between these two could be further developed.  It wouldn’t have been healthy, but at least it would have been something.
Another important note, Jack does make the clear distinction in both series that the gallery of sellswords he pays to be around him are only in it as long as there’s money for them to be had.  They are not his friends, they will never be his true friends, they’re just people he pays until the money runs out (“Something Jermaine,” “Judging Omi”).  So Katnappe, Tubbimura, Cyclops (after their initial debut), and to a lesser extent Vlad will never truly be Jack’s friends.  Vlad does make a return in XS’s “The Demon Seed” to try and cheer Jack up (not that he’s very good at it), but he doesn’t seem to want anything from Jack other than to do evil things and pal around.  This is a bit of a departure from their first encounter where Jack was presumably paying Vlad to be his hired muscle and inside man (“The Deep Freeze”).
Jack’s Robots
Jack’s relationship with his various Jackbots and other robots is an interesting one.  It’s possible that he created them out of a sick sense of wanting to have friends that he could control, but it comes back more to how the bots are presented in both series.
The Jackbots of XS seem to have a hive mind of sorts, as they will blindly (and sometimes literally) follow their master’s commands.  Those that fall are replaced as if nothing happened to the fallen Jackbot; their numbers are legion.  The bots are later programmed with emotions and feel sadness, but not fear.  This is interesting, because Jack is shown having temper tantrums from time to time, but he doesn’t break things, only tosses them around (“The Journey of A Thousand Miles”).
Jack’s relationship with the more “custom” humanoid robots is split into a binary.  On the one side are the bots that went rogue and have tried to annihilate him or simply want nothing to do with him: Chameleon Bot, Robo!Jack, and the patent-pending Shen Gong Wu Detect-o-bot.  On the other side are the bots he grew very attached to: Yesbot, his Cheerbot squad, and the Shen Gong Wu Detect-o-bot before it went rogue.  Both Yes~ and Detect-o~ allow Jack to be more of a child, as he is depicted being held like a scared child with both of them (if I remember correctly.  “Oil in the Family,” “The Demon Seed”).  He treats them like the parent he doesn’t have around.  The Cheerbots are his hott Barbie dolls that he gets to dress up and maintain.  He doesn’t go much farther than projecting personalities and life problems onto them.  Eventually they are absorbed into the Jackbot hive.
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Remember how Jackbots don’t show or know fear in XS?  XC opens with Jack having a tantrum, and many of his various designs of bot run away from him.  Jack is left cornering Chefbot, who has darts sticking out of his chef’s hat.  Rather peculiar for robots to be afraid of their master, especially since they are meant to be hoards of drones.  As Chefbot is developed as a character, Jack comes to respect his creation more, but Chefbot says he has no interest in hanging around someone like Jack; he wants to go places and be a real chef!  He can’t do that if he’s making paltry snacks for Jack.  Chefbot’s last appearance in the series is on a cooking show (either on TV or YouLook) making pizza, while Jack follows along from his RV.  Jack seems quite relaxed and at ease, even using the Banyan Twister Shen Gong Wu to stretch his body and the pizza dough.  It is never stated, but perhaps Jack is proud of his creation accomplishing it’s dream.
Thank You for Being a Friend
In conclusion, the Jack of XS is incapable of having a healthy friendship with anyone, either because he thinks he doesn’t deserve it or because he really is just a terrible person and pushes everyone away.  He would need someone to stand by and support him no matter what he does and no matter how horribly he treats that person.  Such a relationship has the potential to become toxic if boundaries are not set and if Jack doesn’t grow as a person.
The Jack of XC is desperate for a single friend, but 98% of the cast sees him as a pathetic loser, and not worth a second of their time.  Those that do see value in Jack’s companionship have all been hurt by Jack’s betrayal and lack of trust, or have betrayed Jack, because they have no trust in him (often from a previous encounter).  For this Jack to form a stable friendship, he needs someone who he can talk to honestly, openly, and not be judged for his feelings, and he seems to want someone who talks the same way to him.  He’s ready for a relationship, he just doesn’t have the rapport or trust built up with anyone.
TL;DR
Jack lacks basic trust in all his relationships.  He would need someone he can constantly count on, while also setting healthy and reasonable boundaries with that person.  If honesty and trust--ABSOLUTE TRUST--is there, Jack can have a friend, maybe even something more.
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mysteryoftheshockwave · 5 years ago
Text
Introduction to the Call Of Duty: Zombies Storyline (Basic Information - Events Of Moon)
BASIC INFORMATION  Artifacts:  -The Summoning Key - The Keepers craft the Summoning Key, a device that allows them to manipulate the Aether. Holding power over reality itself, they use it to create Agartha.  -The First Transference Device - The Keepers master the ability to travel between dimensions.
 -The Dark Aether - Some Keepers begin to experiment with the Dark Aether, which corrupts and corrodes their souls. Among them is The Shadowman.  -The Aether Pyramid - The Corrupted Keepers create the Aether Pyramid, a device capable of absolute power. A schism forms between them and those Keepers untainted by the Dark Aether.
 Events:  -In The Beginning - There was only the Aether and the Keepers. Among them were two beings who would later be known by many names. One would be known as Doctor Monty, the other as The Shadowman.  -The War Of Agartha Begins - War breaks out between the Corrupted, and the Uncorrupted Keepers.  -The War Of Agartha Ends - Facing defeat, the Corrupted Keepers hide the Aether Pyramid on a moon within one of the newly discovered dimensions. After banishing the Corrupted Keepers to the Dark Aether beneath creation, the remaining Keepers take on the mantle of Guardians. Trapped in the Dark Aether, the Corrupted Keepers contort and evolve over Eons, ultimately becoming the Apothicons. They desire, above all else, to return to Agartha.  -5 AD - Known the planet has a gateway to Agartha, the Apothicons send meteors of Element 115 to Earth. They believe humanity will one day use Element 115 to wage war amongst themselves, opening a rift that will allow the Apothicons to escape the Dark Aether.  -1292 - The Great War between humanity and the Apothicons begins.  -1294 - Sir Pablo Marinus is saved from the clutches of a Margwa by four unknown heroes. They would later become known as Primis.  -1299 - Together with the Keepers, Primis defeats the Apothicons, bringing The Great War to an end.  -1300 - Before they seemingly disappear from history, Primis instructs the Wolf King to begin building Der Eisendrache.  -1318 - Honoring the Wolf King's dying request, his loyal servant Arthur scatters and buries his bones in the grounds of Der Eisendrache, accompanied by the King's Wolf.  -1318 - Temporal Rifts teleport Arthur to Resolution 1295 in 2025 Angola.
(Everything up until now is a constant among all timelines)
ULTIMIS  -1908 - A meteor containing Element 115 crashes near the Stony Tunguska River.  -1925 - Doctor Edward Richtofen joins the Illuminati.  -1931 - Large deposits of Element 115 are discovered near Breslau, Germany. Doctor Ludvig Maxis, a German Scientist, is sent to investigate.  -1931 - Maxis forms Group 935, an international organization dedicated to the study of Element 115. Maxis tells his scientists they "represent the future of technological advancement" and will be "pioneers of human discovery." The group swears to work in secrecy from their respective governments. As Maxis says, "We cannot afford to let this power fall into the wrong hands."  -1934 - Samantha Maxis is born. Her mother dies in childbirth.  -1936 - Maxis invites Richtofen to join Group 935. He agrees, secretly acting on behalf of the Illuminati's interests.  -1937 - The Imperial Japanese Army discovers Element 115 meteor fragments in a swamp within Japanese territory. They build the Rising Sun Facility to continue research. Division 9 is created to oversee its operation.  -1937 - The United States government discovers deposits of Element 115 at Groom Lake.  -1939 - Maxis and Richtofen begin teleportation experiments with the Matter Transference Prototype, to mild success. The subjects are teleported, but their chemical composition is altered, leaving them catatonic and changed.  -1939 - Using Element 115, Maxis and Richtofen resurrect one of the teleported corpses for the first time. Initially it obeys, but soon becomes rabid and attacks them. The test subject is euthanized.  -1939 - Richtofen begins development of the Wunderwaffe DG-2.  -1939 - Maxis turns to the Reichstag for additional funding. Germany agrees to the request, expressing interest in their weapons research, teleportation technology, and the reanimated undead subject.  -1939 - During Test Trial 151, Richtofen and Doctor Schuster successfully teleport a walnut. This is the first successful test where the chemical composition of the object is maintained throughout the process.  -1939 - "Edward's Walnut Delivery" fails to impress Maxis, who declares it a waste of time. He reveals to Richtofen that Group 935 will soon be funded by Germany. Richtofen worries this will lead to massive defections, so he and Schuster decide to continue their teleportation experiments behind Maxis' back.  -1940 - Richtofen and Schuster conduct their first human teleportation test. Richtofen is so confindent in its success, he volunteers himself. Teleported to the Moon, he encounters the MPD, the Aether Pyramid hidden by the Apothicons. While inspecting the device, Richtofen is electrocuted and begins hearing the many voices of corruption, including that of The Shadowman. The device then teleports him to Shangri-La. Corrupted by the Dark Aether, Richtofen is gradually being driven insane by an obsession to find Agartha.  -1940 - Richtofen is worshipped by the natives of Shangri-La; an altar is built in his name. Richtofen encounters the Focusing Stone for the first time.  -1940 - After a near month absence, Richtofen returns to Schuster with a plan to build Griffin Station.  -1940 - Richtofen renounces his involvement with the Illuminati. When asked how he could abandon his obligation to the Order he says, "Teddy was a liar."  -1940 - Construction of Griffin Station on the Moon begins. Frustrated with Maxis' alignment with Germany, other disgruntled Group 935 scientists join the cause.  -1940 - Maxis instructs his assistant Sophia to write a letter to the Reichstag High Command requesting additional funds. Though he reports that mass production will soon be under way shortly, Der Reise lacks not only the funding, but sufficient volumes of Element 115.  -1940 - In response to Maxis' request, Germany creates two new facilities for Group 935. They are the Kino Facilty, a repurposed theater, and the Asylum Facility at the Wittenau Sanatorium in Berlin.  -1940 - As per Germany's request, the Japanese Imperial Army hands over the Rising Sun Facility to Group 935. Division 9 remains involved on site.  -1940 - Group 935 establishes a research facility in Siberia near the Tunguska River.  -1940 - Group 935 establishes a research facility at Der Eisendrache.  -1941 - Nikolai Belinski's wife is killed during the German advance into the Soviet Union. In an effort to numb the pain, Nikolai increasingly turns to Vodka.  -1942 - Maxis gives Fluffy to Samantha. The dog is expecting a litter.  -1942 - Maxis tests the first file for storage on the data servant.  -1942 - On the data servant, Maxis catalogs locations  with prominent Element 115 deposits. He includes information about its various applications and cites that the reanimation of dead cells is a possible side effect.  -1942 - Richtofen completes the Wunderwaffe DG-2 prototype.  -1942 - With Griffin Station completed, Richtofen names Doctor Groph lead scientist, and returns to Earth to continue 'the charade' with Maxis. Working alongside Schuster, Groph is left to discover how to power the MPD.  -1942 - In a speech to his staff, Groph talks optimistically about Griffin Station's establishment as a permanent base of operations.  -1942 - Maxis develops the Ray Gun prototype at the Rising Sun Facility. H. Porter works on developing the 2nd Generation Model.  -1942 - A result of temporal rifts in 1963 Kino, Monty reaches across time and offers little nudges. One nudge is developing Group 935's Element 115 fused elixirs. They create four medicinal beverages known colloquially as Juggernog, Quick Revive, Speed Cola, and Double Tap.  -1942 - Group 935 continues development of a Weapons Upgrade Machine.  -1942 - Groph and Schuster unwittingly discover how to charge the MPD. When Schuster kills a rat near the device, its death inexplicably begins filling the tank, charging the device. They report their findings to Richtofen.  -1942 - Richtofen begins sending soldiers and scientists to the Moon to be sacrificed; their souls are used to charge to MPD.  -1942 - Takeo Masaki is dispatched by the Emperor to oversee the work of Group 935 and Division 9 at the Rising Sun Facility.  -1942 - Richtofen shares the Element 115-based Elixir Recipes with Griffin Station. They develop Mule Kick.  -1942 - Nikolai's brother is killed in the Battle of Stalingrad.  -1942 - Richtofen created the Monkey Bomb.  -1942 - In a personal log, Maxis expresses concern over Element 115's impact on Richtofen's behavior. No longer trusting him, he wonders if it was a mistake to invite him to Group 935.  -1942 - Accompanied by Sophia, Maxis is tranferred to the Kino facility to focus on creating Germany's undead army. Samantha is left in Richtofen's care.  -1943 - Maxis worries he and Sophia have grown too close. He considers sending her away.  -1943 - Nikolai is captured by German Forces during the Battle of Stalingrad. He becomes a subject in Group 935 experiments.  -1943 - Maxis reports success with Subject Two-Six, whose 'violent outbursts have been greatly reduced." Maxis believes "this method of treatment will be 100 percent effective in most cases."  -1943 - The Battle of Stalingrad ends.  -1943 - Maxis reports the treatment has been perfected. He believes if "Subject Two-Six can retain the impressions longer than twenty-six hours, then the delivery of the zombie army can be accelerated."  -1943 - After attacking a handler, Subject Two-Six is killed and deemed "another setback."  -1943 - Harvey Yena begins his work with Group 935.  -1943 - Primis arrives from Dimension 63. In an effort to prevent the events that are about to unfold, they formulate a plan to stop this dimension's Richtofen.  -1943 - Richtofen is contacted from the House by Maxis, who warns that "The test subjects must never be allowed to be awakened, the havoc that could be wreaked upon the future by such simple-minded individuals would be catastrophic."  -1943 - Takeo reports to the Emperor that the work being done at the Rising Sun Facility is "unacceptable."  -1943 - Primis Richtofen is teleported to the House in Agartha, reuniting him with Maxis.  -1943 - On the orders of the Emperor, Takeo is taken prisoner by Group 935 and Division 9. He is used as a test subject for experiments.  -1944 - After the setbacks with Subject Two-Six, Maxis reports new success with the Undead Army. However, he maintains his belief that the undead cannot be controlled or maintained.  -1944 - Pablo Marinus, a Mexican Spy, is captured by Group 935 at Der Eisendrache.  -1945 - In his cell, Pablo writes of vision of a great war. He describes a "great battle against strange demon-like creatures who [were] trying to devour the Earth. In his vision, he sees four knights protect him from certain death. He makes a note that the knights wore tunics similar to those in Der Eisendrache.  -1945 - NACHT DER UNTOTEN - An Allied plane malfunctions over an airfield and crashes. German Army trucks, transporting the undead and Element 115 between Group 935 facilities, is struck in the crash. The marines surviving the crash hold out against the undead as long as they can.  -1945 - Peter McCain infiltrates Group 395 at Der Reise.  -1945 - Groph and Schuster develop the Wave Gun.  -1945 - Richtofen travels to the Siberian Facility to do further research on "live specimens." As her temporary guardian, he takes Samantha with him. Group 935 begins transferring three test subjects for experimentations: Nikolai, Pablo, and Takeo.  -1945 - While Richtofen works at the Siberian Facility, Group 935 begins development of Deadshot Daiquiri.  -1945 - The test subjects arrive at the Siberian facility for Richtofen's experiments.  -1945 - CIA Handler Cornelius Pernell confirms that Peter McCain has successfully infiltrated Group 935 and has been transferred to the Asylum Facility. Cornelius suspects Group 935 is losing control of their experiments and has sent in a Marine Recon Unit to extract McCain. Thomas "Tank" Dempsey is to lead the squad.  -1945 - Peter is outed as a spy and captured by Group 935.  -1945 - Richtofen reports Pablo has died following a spleen removal. He also reveals he's been performing experiments on Samantha.  -1945 - WW2 ends. Group 935 continues their research.  -1945 - Temporal Rifts begin to affect the Asylum facility. An Orderly reports increasing problems with test subjects. Many in the facility have begun hearing voices coming from the walls, including the sobbing of a boy and a girl, screaming, and "a man shouting for children to close the windows."  -1945 - An outbreak occurs at the Asylum facility. Peter McCain escapes.  -1945 - VERRUCKT - Dempsey, John Banana, Smokey, and fourth marine arrive at the Asylum Facility to find it overrun by zombies. They fight off the horde as long as they can. Dempsey is apprehended by Group 935.  -1945 - John Banana writes messages and records his last words while being eaten alive by an undead Smokey.  -1945 - Richtofen reports another spy has been captured and will be brought in to replace "the Mexican." The subject is Dempsey.  -1945 - Cornelius Pernell attempts to send a transmission to Peter McCain, telling him to rendezvous at the Rising Sun Facility.  -1945 - Dempsey arrives at the Siberian Facility.  -1945 - Richtofen documents the personality traits of his test subjects. Dempsey's "intellect seems low, but his will is strong." Takeo is "still staring at the floor, muttering what sounds like some kind of proverb over and over again." Nikolai has "recently begun responding to stimuli, but only after [injections of] a new serum made primarily from vodka." Richtofen notes that their minds have been almost entirely broken, with no memory remaining of who they once were.  -1945 - Maxis returns to Der Reise. He orders Richtofen to do likewise so they may continue their work on the Matter Transference Device.  -1945 - Richtofen returns to Der Reise with Dempsey, Nikolai, Takeo and Samantha.  -1945 - Maxis reports on Richtofen's findings with his live test subjects, noting that while their baseline psyche remains intact, all specific memories have been lost.  -1945 - Infuriated to learn that Maxis has not been mass-producing the DG-2 as he swore he would, Richtofen revels in his plot to destroy Maxis and Samantha, vowing that he will no longer continue to work on his undead army.  -1945 - Groph reports to Richtofen the MPD is nearly ready.  -1945 - Groph radios Richtofen to inform him that the device has been powered up and is awaiting the conduit. Richtofen says he will proceed with Operation Shield and dispose of Maxis and Samantha.  -1945 - Though frustrated that the 'matter tranference tests... have been largely unsuccessful," Maxis acknowledges "that the test subjects [departure] from their original point of origin is undeniable." However, Richtofen's suggestion that the subjects have been transported not through space, but time itself causes Maxis to worry if his "irrationality may soon prove a libility to our endeavors."  -1945 - Maxis and Richtofen perform teleportation test trials on Test Subjects 3, 4 and 5. All fail, including Test 5, where Maxis uses Fluffy. As Test 6 fails, Fluffy - now changed - is teleported back into the chamber. Samantha sees Fluffy and runs into the teleporter. Maxis chases after her. Richtofen seals them both in the test chamber and teleports all three of them.  -1945 - Samantha is teleported to the Moon while Groph and Schuster work on the MPD. Running into the MPD, she is drawn inside of it, where she becomes corrupted by the Dark Aether.  -1945 - Maxis is teleported to the Crazy Place and develops the power to merge with electricity.  -1945 - Richtofen returns to the Moon. Learning Samantha is trapped in the MPD, he orders Groph to teleport Maxis there to coax her out of the device. He also warns Groph to keep an eye out for an "evil looking dog."  -1945 - In an effort ot free Samantha, Maxis approaches the MPD and persuades her to come out. Once she does, Maxis givers her an instruction, "Kill them.... all." Maxis kills himself and merges with the technology of Griffin Station, while Samantha unleashes the undead upon the base.  -1945 - H. Porter activates the alarm as an outbreak occurs at Der Reise. Before taking a cyanide capsule, he says he's "all out of hope... god forgive us all."  -1945 - Richtofen returns to Der Reise and awakens Dempsey, Takeo and Nikolai. With no recollection of who they are or who Richtofen is, they agree to help him. The four would become known as Ultimis.  -1945 - Peter McCain parachutes over the Rising Sun Facility. He dies shortly after.  -1945 - SHI NO NUMA - Ultimis travels to the Rising Sun Facility to recover Richtofen's diary. Upon reading it, Richtofen begins to form his plan to defeat Samantha.  -1945 - DER REISE - Ultimis returns to Der Reise. With his diary, Richtofen plans to use the telelporter to return to the moon and confront Samantha. Unfortunately, the Wunderwaffe DG-2 overloads the teleporter and sends them through time to Kino - causing Richtofen to drop his diary.  -1945 - Group 935 is disbanded.  -1946 - The United States and the Soviet Union share the resources recovered from Group 935's various research stations. Richtofen's diary is among the items recovered by the Soviet Union.  -1946 - The Pentagon hires many former Group 935 scientists in an effort to replicate their work.  -1946 - As with their US counterparts, the Soviets hire many former Group 935 scientists. Among them is Harvey Yena, who forms the Ascension Group.  -1952 - The Pentagon begins experiments involving their own versions of the undead.  -1955 - The US Government transfers a number of Element 115 experiments to the Groom Lake Facility.  -1955 - Gersh and Yuri Zavoyski begin working for the Ascension Group.  -1956 - SHANGRI-LA - Explorers Brock and Gary discover Shangri-La. During an eclipse, they're unwittingly trapped in a time loop. Sally, sent back in time from 2011, is trapped in the same loop. Ultimis arrives in Shangri-La. With the help of Brock and Gary, they acquire the Focusing Stone. From their, Ultimis travels to the Groom Lake Facility.  -1959 - The Pentagon constructs their own prototype teleporter, and commence experimentation.  -1962 - Studying Group 935's medicinal elixir research, The Ascension Group develops PhD Flopper and Stamin-Up.  -1962 - Gersh begins work on Project Thunder.  -1962 - Gersh and Yuri begin work on the Gersh Device, Codenamed Project Mercury.  -1963 - The Pentagon begins development on their own version of the Wunderwaffe DG-2.  -1963 - The Pentagon begins development on their own versions of the Winter's Howl.  -1965 - KINO DER TOTEN - From Der Reise, Ultimis is teleported to Kino. This marks the first time Ultimis travels across space and tiem. Temporal Rifts occur across dimensions. In light of these developments, Monty feels obligated to step in, and begins to make changes in the background across time. He helps Group 935 invent Perk Machines. He adds chalk drawings to the walls. Little nudges. Ultimis locates a Lunar Lander and fly to the Ascension Facility.  -1963 - Gersh informs the senior staff that Yuri has been removed from Project Mercury and has been transferred to Rocket Research.  -1963 - Yuri begins to notice the appearance of children's toys around the facility.  -1963 - Upon reading Richtofen's diary, Yuri begins to hear Samantha's voice. Over several days, her voice will consume him, driving him to the brink of insanity. She orders him to resume work on the Gersh Device. He obeys.  -1963 - Gersh announces to the committee that Project Thunder is nearing completion. Gersh reveals Yuri may need to be removed from Ascension entirely, having observed his being "hostile towards other scientists... and frequently [observed] muttering to himself."  -1963 - Obeying Samantha's wishes, Yuri tricks Gersh into activating the Gersh Device. The rift created absorbs him and allows Samantha to travel through. Yuri is also absorbed and transported to the Pentagon.  -1963 - ASCENSION - Ultimis arrives at the Soviet Cosmodrome and free Gersh from the Casimir Mechanism. Richtofen recovers his diary, and learns that they need the Vril Device from the Siberian Facility for his plan. Maintaining his etheral form, Gersh sends them into a rift to their next destination before beginning his travels across space and time.  -1963 - FIVE - In the Pentagon, John F. Kennedy, Richard Nixon and Robert McNamara meet with Fidel Castro in the aftermath of the Cuban Missile Crisis. Due to the events at the Cosmodrome, a zombie outbreak occurs. Samantha sends Yuri to the Pentagon to thwart their survival. After Gersh is freed and Ultimis departs from the Cosmodrome, the outbreak ends at the Pentagon. All four survive.  -1963 - In an effort to avoid another undead outbreak, the US Government creates the Broken Arrow program, establishing several facilities across the country. The Groom Lake Program is folded into Broken Arrow.  -1973 - Broken Arrow recovers a shard of Element 115 from Division 9.  -1979 - Russman begins work at Broken Arrow. Over the course of his employment, his extensive exposure to Element 115 leads to significant memory loss.  -1983 - Broken Arrow begins live animal experiments with the shard, creating Bios.  -1986 - A containment breach involving the Bios occurs at one of the Broken Arrow facilities. Russman is one of the few to escape alive. The facility is shut down and abandoned. Its projects are tranferred to other locations.  -2011 - CALL OF THE DEAD - After entering the rift, Ultimis arrives at the Siverian Facility in 2011, where they find themselves trapped in a closet while George A. Romero films his latest project at the location. Samantha, in her pursuit of Ultimis, unleases an undead outbreak. The film's stars fight the undead horde, ultimately recovering the Vril Device (the Goldenrod) for Richtofen. Ultimis teleports to Shangri-La in an effort to acquire the next artifact required to defeat Samantha: The Focusing Stone.  -2011 - Following the disappearance of the Call of the Dead cast and crew, Romero's assistant Sally begins the search for her boss. Her journey leards her to Shangri-La during an eclipse, which sends her back in time to April 25th, 1956.  -2025 - Broken Arrow creates the Denizens.  -2025 - Broken Arrow accidentally creates Avogadro.  -2025 - In desperate need of more Element 115, Broken Arrow uses an excavator to drill near the Nuclear Testing Facility known as Nuketown.  -2025 - MOON - Using the Vril Device (Goldenrod), the Black Egg found on the Moon, and the Focusing Stone, Richtofen completes his Grand Scheme and swaps bodies with Samantha on the Moon, giving him full control of the zombies and the Aether. Maxis contacts the remaining members of Ultimis through the station's electronics and askfor their help to defeat Richtofen. They agree. They launch missile at Earth, leaving it fractured and broken. They sever Richtofen's connection with the Aether, but he maintains control over the zombies. Once Maxis controls the Aether in 2035 he returns to the Moon and plucks Samantha from Richtofen's body to join him in Agartha.
BLACK OPS IIII STORYLINE (QUOTES USED)
 -2035 - The remaining members of Ultimis are sent back in time to the 1960's with Richtofen's soulless and comatose body before the events of 'FIVE'.  -1963 - Cornelius Pernell makes audio punch cards. In them, he talks about his plans for Broken Arrow and the experimenting. He also talks about Ultimis arriving. He says, "Earlier today, while Doctor Schuster was performing Test Number 11, we had an unexpected arrival through the teleporter. We've been unable to verify what year they came from - our struggle with temporal anomalies during teleportation is well documented - but we are certain of where they came from: the Moon. This event alone is baffling enough, and is without explanation, but it becomes downright absurd when you take into account that I know two of the four individuals: Corpral "Tank" Dempsey of the United States Marine Corp., who I knew personally, and was declared K.I.A. after a failed rescue op to recover Peter McCain; and Doctor Edward Richtofen from Group 935, who went missing weeks after we formalized the agreement to initiate Operation Stapler. I didn't recognize the other two, but they, and Corpral Dempsey were in a delusional, near-catatonic state. Medical evaluations shows they've suffered from exessive Element 115 exposure, and, quoting our medic, I'm not even sure how they're still alive. As for Doctor Richtofen, initially, we believed him D.O.A.. Upon closer examination, we discovered his body is very much alive, just zero brain activity. How it came to be that these four men were on the Moon, we may never know. However, for the immediate future, we'll be keeping them here at Groom Lake. They are ideal candidates for additional 115 testing."  -1963 - After assisting Primis Richtofen in aquiring the blood vials, Undead Richtofen goes to Groom Lake to reunite his soul with his body. Cornelius makes note of this in another punch card when he says, "I'm filing this report on behalf of Private Gordan. Private Gordan was working graveyard in Hangar 4 where our new test subjects are being kept. At 0300 this morning, Private Gordan reports a, quote, "bright, blue, oval-shaped light beam materialized in the room," endquote. Out of said light beam, stepped, and I quote, "a zombie dressed in a World War Two German Military uniform." This 'zombie' did not interact with Private Gordon, but, instead, slowly walked up to the comatose body of Doctor Edward Richtofen, who, up until now, we've been unable to resusitate. Private Gordon then observed this 'zombie' touching the body of Doctor Richtofen, at which point, the zombie... turned.. to ash, and Doctor Richtofen immediately let out a gutteral shriek and began cackling. I cannot verify Private Gordon's story, but what I can tell you is that, as of this morning, Doctor Richtofen is very. Much. Alive. And he is very animated. So much so, we've since had to have him sedated."  -1963 - CLASSIFIED - After being experimented on by the staff of Broken Arrow, Ultimis is now forced to fight for their lives while in the Pentagon during a zombie outbreak. At some point, they are captured and locked up in Hangar 4 again. Dempsey questions how Richtofen had gotten back into his body after the events of Moon, to which his question is shrugged off by both Richtofen and Nikolai. As Nikolai starts drinking from his vodka again, Primis steps through a newly opened portal in the cell, and Primis Nikolai recruits them to help defeat Doctor Monty. They leave through the portal after an intruder siren goes off.  -2025 - Camp Edward, better known as 'Nuketown', was created in the 70's as a nuclear testing facility and an Element 115 drilling site by Broken Arrow. Using the blueprints of the MPD, Broken Arrow had created the American Pyramid Device. Cornelius Pernell and his staff used something called the Elemental Shard, a special Element 115 fragment that can truly bring back the souls and minds of the dead, and can regenerate the energy it uses (regular 115 only revives the body, and it can be used up, and that's why zombies attack people), and they brought back Peter McCain. When the DOD told them to hand over the Elemental Shard, Cornelius Pernell had broken it in half and gave them one half, claiming it to be the whole thing so he could continue his experiments. Marlton Johnson takes a canister of Element 115 as evidence of what's going on before he hides in a broom closet in the nuclear bunker, then returns it when an A.D.A.M. unit is brought to the door. Rushmore, the AI of the facility, who seems to have most of his programming based off of Cold War US propoganda, along with all the A.D.A.M. units and mannequins, had been given souls created by the Elemental Shard, and it made them feel emotion, which caused many problems for the staff and other people there.  -2025 - ALPHA OMEGA - After Ultimis is recruited by Primis, they travel to Camp Edward, a Broken Arrow facility in Nevada to retrive the Elemental Shard. After they do, they get a disturbing radio call from Maxis in the House in Agartha telling them that Monty is aware of what they're doing. Maxis manages to teleport the children out of the house before Monty kills him, and Samantha and Eddie arrive in the garage Primis and Ultimis are in. The corruption Monty had claimed to remove from her soul shows up once again as she wishes for death to Monty, and to destroy the Aether and Agartha. (Meanwhile, little Eddie is just looking happy as can be, despite seeing Maxis get eaten alive and seeing the bloodlust Samantha clearly has.)
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revolutionofyoga-blog · 5 years ago
Text
Yoga - The Antidote to Arthritis and a Key to Healthy Aging
Forty years ago, when I first became interested in yoga and therapeutic exercise, I was assisting an older woman who was immobilized in her wheelchair by arthritis. Long before I understood the degree to which yoga can rehabilitate the body, I was helping people who were unable to dress, bathe or feed themselves independently due to the pain and stiffness in their joints. This has helped me understand the extreme suffering that can be inflicted by arthritis.
Back then, people with joint pain and swelling were advised by doctors not to move! The thinking was "If it hurts, don't move it." We now know that inactivity is one of the worst responses for someone with arthritis.
As Loren Fishman, MD, points out in his book, Yoga for Arthritis, "Arthritis restricts movement, yoga increases range of motion-these two were made for each other."
Arthritis is the leading cause of disability in this country, limiting everyday activities for millions of people. Drugs, surgeries, and steroids can alleviate some of the discomforts, but study after study has shown that exercise is most beneficial to most forms of arthritis, specifically low-impact, flexibility-enhancing exercises such as yoga.
Tumblr media
Osteoarthritis, a painful and often debilitating condition caused by decades of wear and tear on the joints, is considered to be one the side effects of living longer. By the time we reach age sixty-five, X-rays for at last a third of us will show some signs of osteoarthritis, the most common of a group of diseases collectively referred to as arthritis.
Arthritis in its many forms affects more than seventy million (or one in three) American adults, according to estimates by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention.
Arthritis is so common in our culture that most people consider the pain and discomfort it brings to be a normal part of aging. Arthritis makes normal activities increasingly painful and difficult and diminishes or destroys the quality of life.
An Overview of Arthritis
The word arthritis means "joint inflammation." Modern medicine recognizes more than a hundred varieties of conditions that produce deterioration in joint structures. The common thread among these conditions is that they all affect the joints-those nearly 150 ingeniously designed structures located where two or more bones come together.
Arthritis-related joint problems may include pain, stiffness, inflammation and damage to joints. Joint weakness, instability and visible deformities may occur, depending on the location of the joint involved.
Arthritis is classified into two main types. Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory disorder, resulting in stiffness in the joints and muscles, joint erosion and pain. Osteoarthritis is a degenerative disorder that erodes the cartilage in joints, which leads to bones rubbing together. Osteoarthritis frequently occurs in people who are overweight or whose joints are painful from extreme overuse.
In spite of the prevalence of arthritis, be careful not to jump to the conclusion that your achy joints are necessarily due to it. Overuse and injuries can also result in tendonitis, bursitis, carpal tunnel syndrome and other fairly common conditions that are unrelated to arthritis.
Arthritis and Exercise
To remain healthy, muscles and joints must move and bear weight or they will lose strength. This weakness, coupled with joint swelling, will make the joints unstable. Joints in this condition are vulnerable to dislocation, increased injury and pain. Thus, regular gentle movement helps to reduce pain and to maintain mobility.
Physical movement promotes health in many systems of the body. It increases circulation, which in turn reduces swelling and promotes delivery of oxygen and nutrients to the tissues. With immobilization, a cycle of deterioration begins.
Because movement is crucial to so many physiological processes, the arthritic person's overall health tends to deteriorate without it. The normal functioning of the immune system declines, infections and illnesses occur, and the person often becomes frustrated and depressed. This cycle is self-perpetuating.
When someone comes to me with arthritis, I teach them how to practice yoga safely with the support of yoga props. For those who are new to yoga, the term "yoga props," simply refers to any object, such as a wall, a sturdy table or a chair, a folded blanket, a firm pillow, a strap or other item that makes practicing yoga safer and easier. Yoga props are especially helpful for older beginners who may have balance problems and are coping with common health issues such as arthritis and osteoporosis. In addition to common household objects that can be used as yoga props, there are professional yoga props such as a sturdy wooden bar known as the "yoga horse," yoga wall ropes, yoga bolsters in many shapes and sizes, yoga straps, special yoga chairs, yoga blocks, firm yoga blankets and more elaborate props like yoga backbenders that give people with arthritis and other common health conditions new hope and confidence.
Physicians are increasingly advising regular gentle exercise for people with arthritis because it tones muscles and reduces stiffness in joints. Yoga is an ideal form of exercise for this because its movements are fluid and adaptable. Yoga loosens muscles that have been tightened by inactivity, stress and tension. In yoga we progress gradually, beginning with simple stretches and strengthening poses and advancing to more difficult postures only as we become stronger and more flexible.
Tumblr media
If necessary, you can begin with gentle movements while sitting in a chair or lying on the floor. You can gradually add weight-bearing standing postures, with the support of a wall, counter or table, wall ropes, chairs, blocks, and other props.
The weight-bearing yoga standing poses are among the key poses for safely increasing range of motion in all the joints as well as increasing strength and flexibility.
It's important to note that weak muscles are considered a risk factor for osteoarthritis. Be especially aware of weakness in the quadriceps, the large frontal thigh muscles: The weaker the quadriceps, the higher the risk of developing osteoarthritis in the knee. Yoga standing poses are valuable for strengthening the quadriceps without wear and tear on the hip and knee joints.
Practicing yoga can help improve respiration throughout the day. Calm, slow, rhythmic breathing helps to release both physical and emotional tension by flooding the body and brain with oxygen. The regular, daily practice of deep relaxation is restorative to every cell of the body.
I encourage those of you with arthritis to seek the help of an experienced teacher who can help you learn to distinguish between good pain and bad pain and to make yoga part of your daily life.
The positive effects yoga can have on mood and overall outlook are especially important to someone with arthritis. A yoga class offers positive support and the opportunity to connect with people who are health-minded and have experienced the benefits of yoga. Numerous studies emphasize the value of group support in coping with health challenges such as arthritis.
With arthritis, as with any injury or disease, listen to your body with focused attention to avoid injury and determine which movements are most healing. Take classes with a teacher who is knowledgeable about arthritis. If you are new to yoga, I recommend a few private lessons, if possible, or start in a small group class with individualized instruction, where you can practice at your own pace.
Guidelines for Practicing Yoga in Class and at Home
1. Respect pain. All yoga students, but especially those with arthritis, must learn the difference between the beneficial feeling of muscles stretching and the pain that signals harm. Learn to distinguish between the normal discomfort of moving stiff joints through range of motion, and the pain caused by a destructive movement or an excessive demand on a joint. Sudden or severe pain is a warning. Continuing an activity after such a warning may cause joint damage.
In general, if pain and discomfort persists more than two hours after a yoga session, ask a knowledgeable teacher to check your alignment and help you modify the pose. Try moving more slowly, practicing more regularly and experiment with how long to stay in a pose. There is no set answer to the perennial question "How long should I stay in the pose?" Stay long enough so that a healthy change has been made but not so long that your body stiffens from staying in a position too long.
2. Balance work and rest. Balancing activity and rest applies to yoga as well as to other daily activities. Do not exercise to the point of fatigue. Stop before you are exhausted! Weakened, fatigued muscles set the stage for joint instability and injury. Balance your active yoga session with yoga's deeply relaxing restorative poses. Restorative poses are passive poses that help your internal healing processes to work. If you are fatigued, practice restorative poses first. You will benefit more from active, more challenging poses, if you are well rested.
3. Practice with focus and awareness (pay attention to how you feel) and breathe properly. Avoid mechanical repetitions and counting while exercising. Watch the flow of your breath and your body's response to a particular pose or exercise. Without fully expanding your lungs, the muscles you are exercising cannot be adequately supplied with oxygen. Holding your breath while stretching inhibits relaxation. Smooth, peaceful, rhythmic breathing through the nose reduces pain and tension and increases the feeling of deep relaxation that follows a yoga session. Learn to tune into what your body is telling you.
4. Learn to use yoga props. People with arthritis may already be quite stiff by the time they start yoga. The use of props helps improve blood circulation and breathing capacity. By supporting the body in a yoga posture, props allow the muscles to lengthen in a passive, non-strenuous way. Props help conserve energy and allow people to practice more strenuous poses without hurting or over exerting themselves.
Yoga for Arthritic Hips and Knees
The areas most commonly affected by arthritis are the hips, knees and hands. With decreased movement, the muscles and soft tissues around the hip shorten, putting additional wear and tear on the gliding surfaces. If a person becomes more sedentary in an effort to minimize pain, bones and cartilage receive less weight-bearing stimulation. Bone spurs may even develop to further limit movement.
Lack of exercise also weakens the thigh and calf muscles. Their strength provides stability and support for the knee. When the soft tissues of the joint swell, this causes compression and reduces space in the joint even further.
Standing poses are crucial for stretching and building supportive strength in the hips, buttocks and thighs. Moving the head of the femur in the hip socket helps distribute synovial fluid, thus lubricating the joint and all points of contact.
Tumblr media
The same standing poses recommended for hips are also critical for knee rehabilitation. They create more space in the knee joint for synovial fluid circulation and develop the strength of the thigh and calf muscles for better support.
Sit on the Floor Every Day!
I encourage all my students, especially those with osteoarthritis of the knees, to sit on the floor every day, in various cross-legged and other bent knee positions, as part of their daily life routine. This helps assure that you do not lose the ability to sit comfortably on the floor. Sitting with the legs crossed loosely is a simple, natural position that helps remove stiffness in the hips and knees. To help you sit comfortably on the floor with your back straight, sit on one or more folded blankets, a firm bolster, large dictionary or other height. Avoiding sitting on the floor will only make your hips and knees stiffer with the passage of time.
0 notes
specialyogaforteens-blog · 5 years ago
Text
Yoga - The Antidote to Arthritis and a Key to Healthy Aging
Forty years ago, when I first became interested in yoga and therapeutic exercise, I was assisting an older woman who was immobilized in her wheelchair by arthritis. Long before I understood the degree to which yoga can rehabilitate the body, I was helping people who were unable to dress, bathe or feed themselves independently due to the pain and stiffness in their joints. This has helped me understand the extreme suffering that can be inflicted by arthritis.
Back then, people with joint pain and swelling were advised by doctors not to move! The thinking was "If it hurts, don't move it." We now know that inactivity is one of the worst responses for someone with arthritis.
As Loren Fishman, MD, points out in his book, Yoga for Arthritis, "Arthritis restricts movement, yoga increases range of motion-these two were made for each other."
Arthritis is the leading cause of disability in this country, limiting everyday activities for millions of people. Drugs, surgeries, and steroids can alleviate some of the discomforts, but study after study has shown that exercise is most beneficial to most forms of arthritis, specifically low-impact, flexibility-enhancing exercises such as yoga.
Tumblr media
Osteoarthritis, a painful and often debilitating condition caused by decades of wear and tear on the joints, is considered to be one the side effects of living longer. By the time we reach age sixty-five, X-rays for at last a third of us will show some signs of osteoarthritis, the most common of a group of diseases collectively referred to as arthritis.
Arthritis in its many forms affects more than seventy million (or one in three) American adults, according to estimates by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention.
Arthritis is so common in our culture that most people consider the pain and discomfort it brings to be a normal part of aging. Arthritis makes normal activities increasingly painful and difficult and diminishes or destroys the quality of life.
An Overview of Arthritis
The word arthritis means "joint inflammation." Modern medicine recognizes more than a hundred varieties of conditions that produce deterioration in joint structures. The common thread among these conditions is that they all affect the joints-those nearly 150 ingeniously designed structures located where two or more bones come together.
Arthritis-related joint problems may include pain, stiffness, inflammation and damage to joints. Joint weakness, instability and visible deformities may occur, depending on the location of the joint involved.
Arthritis is classified into two main types. Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory disorder, resulting in stiffness in the joints and muscles, joint erosion and pain. Osteoarthritis is a degenerative disorder that erodes the cartilage in joints, which leads to bones rubbing together. Osteoarthritis frequently occurs in people who are overweight or whose joints are painful from extreme overuse.
In spite of the prevalence of arthritis, be careful not to jump to the conclusion that your achy joints are necessarily due to it. Overuse and injuries can also result in tendonitis, bursitis, carpal tunnel syndrome and other fairly common conditions that are unrelated to arthritis.
Arthritis and Exercise
To remain healthy, muscles and joints must move and bear weight or they will lose strength. This weakness, coupled with joint swelling, will make the joints unstable. Joints in this condition are vulnerable to dislocation, increased injury and pain. Thus, regular gentle movement helps to reduce pain and to maintain mobility.
Tumblr media
Physical movement promotes health in many systems of the body. It increases circulation, which in turn reduces swelling and promotes delivery of oxygen and nutrients to the tissues. With immobilization, a cycle of deterioration begins.
Because movement is crucial to so many physiological processes, the arthritic person's overall health tends to deteriorate without it. The normal functioning of the immune system declines, infections and illnesses occur, and the person often becomes frustrated and depressed. This cycle is self-perpetuating.
When someone comes to me with arthritis, I teach them how to practice yoga safely with the support of yoga props. For those who are new to yoga, the term "yoga props," simply refers to any object, such as a wall, a sturdy table or a chair, a folded blanket, a firm pillow, a strap or other item that makes practicing yoga safer and easier. Yoga props are especially helpful for older beginners who may have balance problems and are coping with common health issues such as arthritis and osteoporosis. In addition to common household objects that can be used as yoga props, there are professional yoga props such as a sturdy wooden bar known as the "yoga horse," yoga wall ropes, yoga bolsters in many shapes and sizes, yoga straps, special yoga chairs, yoga blocks, firm yoga blankets and more elaborate props like yoga backbenders that give people with arthritis and other common health conditions new hope and confidence.
Physicians are increasingly advising regular gentle exercise for people with arthritis because it tones muscles and reduces stiffness in joints. Yoga is an ideal form of exercise for this because its movements are fluid and adaptable. Yoga loosens muscles that have been tightened by inactivity, stress and tension. In yoga we progress gradually, beginning with simple stretches and strengthening poses and advancing to more difficult postures only as we become stronger and more flexible.
If necessary, you can begin with gentle movements while sitting in a chair or lying on the floor. You can gradually add weight-bearing standing postures, with the support of a wall, counter or table, wall ropes, chairs, blocks, and other props.
The weight-bearing yoga standing poses are among the key poses for safely increasing range of motion in all the joints as well as increasing strength and flexibility.
It's important to note that weak muscles are considered a risk factor for osteoarthritis. Be especially aware of weakness in the quadriceps, the large frontal thigh muscles: The weaker the quadriceps, the higher the risk of developing osteoarthritis in the knee. Yoga standing poses are valuable for strengthening the quadriceps without wear and tear on the hip and knee joints.
Practicing yoga can help improve respiration throughout the day. Calm, slow, rhythmic breathing helps to release both physical and emotional tension by flooding the body and brain with oxygen. The regular, daily practice of deep relaxation is restorative to every cell of the body.
I encourage those of you with arthritis to seek the help of an experienced teacher who can help you learn to distinguish between good pain and bad pain and to make yoga part of your daily life.
The positive effects yoga can have on mood and overall outlook are especially important to someone with arthritis. A yoga class offers positive support and the opportunity to connect with people who are health-minded and have experienced the benefits of yoga. Numerous studies emphasize the value of group support in coping with health challenges such as arthritis.
With arthritis, as with any injury or disease, listen to your body with focused attention to avoid injury and determine which movements are most healing. Take classes with a teacher who is knowledgeable about arthritis. If you are new to yoga, I recommend a few private lessons, if possible, or start in a small group class with individualized instruction, where you can practice at your own pace.
Guidelines for Practicing Yoga in Class and at Home
1. Respect pain. All yoga students, but especially those with arthritis, must learn the difference between the beneficial feeling of muscles stretching and the pain that signals harm. Learn to distinguish between the normal discomfort of moving stiff joints through range of motion, and the pain caused by a destructive movement or an excessive demand on a joint. Sudden or severe pain is a warning. Continuing an activity after such a warning may cause joint damage.
In general, if pain and discomfort persists more than two hours after a yoga session, ask a knowledgeable teacher to check your alignment and help you modify the pose. Try moving more slowly, practicing more regularly and experiment with how long to stay in a pose. There is no set answer to the perennial question "How long should I stay in the pose?" Stay long enough so that a healthy change has been made but not so long that your body stiffens from staying in a position too long.
2. Balance work and rest. Balancing activity and rest applies to yoga as well as to other daily activities. Do not exercise to the point of fatigue. Stop before you are exhausted! Weakened, fatigued muscles set the stage for joint instability and injury. Balance your active yoga session with yoga's deeply relaxing restorative poses. Restorative poses are passive poses that help your internal healing processes to work. If you are fatigued, practice restorative poses first. You will benefit more from active, more challenging poses, if you are well rested.
3. Practice with focus and awareness (pay attention to how you feel) and breathe properly. Avoid mechanical repetitions and counting while exercising. Watch the flow of your breath and your body's response to a particular pose or exercise. Without fully expanding your lungs, the muscles you are exercising cannot be adequately supplied with oxygen. Holding your breath while stretching inhibits relaxation. Smooth, peaceful, rhythmic breathing through the nose reduces pain and tension and increases the feeling of deep relaxation that follows a yoga session. Learn to tune into what your body is telling you.
4. Learn to use yoga props. People with arthritis may already be quite stiff by the time they start yoga. The use of props helps improve blood circulation and breathing capacity. By supporting the body in a yoga posture, props allow the muscles to lengthen in a passive, non-strenuous way. Props help conserve energy and allow people to practice more strenuous poses without hurting or over exerting themselves.
Yoga for Arthritic Hips and Knees
The areas most commonly affected by arthritis are the hips, knees and hands. With decreased movement, the muscles and soft tissues around the hip shorten, putting additional wear and tear on the gliding surfaces. If a person becomes more sedentary in an effort to minimize pain, bones and cartilage receive less weight-bearing stimulation. Bone spurs may even develop to further limit movement.
Lack of exercise also weakens the thigh and calf muscles. Their strength provides stability and support for the knee. When the soft tissues of the joint swell, this causes compression and reduces space in the joint even further.
Standing poses are crucial for stretching and building supportive strength in the hips, buttocks and thighs. Moving the head of the femur in the hip socket helps distribute synovial fluid, thus lubricating the joint and all points of contact.
The same standing poses recommended for hips are also critical for knee rehabilitation. They create more space in the knee joint for synovial fluid circulation and develop the strength of the thigh and calf muscles for better support.
Sit on the Floor Every Day!
I encourage all my students, especially those with osteoarthritis of the knees, to sit on the floor every day, in various cross-legged and other bent knee positions, as part of their daily life routine. This helps assure that you do not lose the ability to sit comfortably on the floor. Sitting with the legs crossed loosely is a simple, natural position that helps remove stiffness in the hips and knees. To help you sit comfortably on the floor with your back straight, sit on one or more folded blankets, a firm bolster, large dictionary or other height. Avoiding sitting on the floor will only make your hips and knees stiffer with the passage of time.
Hint: If there is pain in the knees, try increasing the height under the buttock so that your pelvis is higher than the knees, and place folded blankets or yoga blocks under the knees. A knowledgeable yoga teacher can help you adjust your props so that sitting on the floor becomes easy and comfortable. Increase the length of time you sit gradually, and be sure to cross your legs the opposite way (opposite leg in front).
Caution: Do not strain your knees by attempting to sit prematurely in more advanced, bent-knee positions such as the classic Lotus Pose. Forcing your body into any position can result in serious injury. STOP if you feel pain, and consult a knowledgeable teacher.
0 notes
imitationpersonne · 5 years ago
Text
If They Had a Kid
Monoma and Felix
Most probably don’t know who my OC Felix is. I had a page all about him on my old blog before it got terminated, but I haven’t remade it yet. If anybody honestly wants me to post more about him, feel free to let me know; I would be happy to hear of anybody’s interest! Otherwise, it’ll probably be eons before I get around to it.
Name: Mirai (“future”) Aron (middle name, “lofty/inspired”)
Gender: Male
General Appearance: Cafe au lait blond with grey-hazel eyes. He wears designer clothes but doesn’t pay much attention to the price of anything. He just likes to look nice, almost feels like it’s expected of him but not in a way that he feels particularly pressured. Most often his fashion choices are tasteful, but every once in a while, he dons an article just a little bizarre that might catch others off-guard. The moral of the story he doesn’t seem to learn is just because something is name brand, it doesn’t automatically check out aesthetically.
Face Claim:
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[Via this]
(His backstory gets long, folks! Read it under the cut.)
Special Talents: After he turned four and there was still no known indication of a quirk, his parents began to suspect he may be quirkless. It would make sufficient sense; Felix’s mother was quirkless, after all. Curiously, a visit to the quirk specialist revealed no extra toe bone in his x-ray, but even the doctor was unable to determine what his quirk might be. He couldn’t copy anything or see the foot tracks of traveling people. Ultimately, their best guess was that perhaps he had developed a quirk potential without the proper activation gene, or some other of many similar dysfunctions.
“Defective” was a tough descriptor to swallow, especially as the son of two international pro heroes. It arguably wasn’t any better to explain to others that he technically wasn’t ‘quirkless’, when he had no quirk to show them. He pretended it didn’t bother him, kept up a smile whenever his peers brought it up. He was a sweet boy, and his friends at least did him the kindness of keeping the subject to a minimum. That didn’t stop him from getting picked on entirely, of course, but he liked to think staying mild about it encouraged others to do the same.
He wasn’t one to be openly negative about himself...but the situation really did affect him deeply. He felt empty, or like there was something missing about him. He wasn’t special. He was the only one who wasn’t. Arguably as awful a feeling, he didn’t have any legacy to carry on. He knew how important it was for Felix to have followed in his father’s footsteps, how proud he was (and Neito was) to be a hero. He wanted to do the same, to make both of his fathers proud. But he couldn’t; he just didn’t have it in him.
He couldn’t help but feel as if he were letting his parents down, despite their insistence to the contrary. Felix especially made sure to impress upon him he would be just as happy with whatever path he chose, that there was never any pressure or desire for him to have to go into heroism. Neito eventually concluded it would probably be a healthier, more peaceful result for them all anyway. The pro hero life could really take a toll, even in silent, unspoken ways. There were plenty of other valuable careers he could surely excel at. Neito had almost convinced himself of this choice at one point in time.
He knew he had to accept that, but in the back of his mind lingered the sense of a missed calling. He didn’t feel broken or defective. He felt nothing. Normal. That was probably the problem, he thought. ...But no, it wasn’t. There was a gradual change that he hardly noticed at all--a phenomenon he just assumed everybody experienced, at first--but at some point, it became apparent. People began to recognize in him what seemed to be preternaturally quick reflexes on occasion, catching a hand before it struck or even stopping someone before they made a disastrous move. But it wasn’t anything special, he reasoned; it was just because of their ‘shadow’. The after-image of a person, except before they moved.
It had never occurred to him that this wasn’t a common event witnessed by all people. He’d seen such aura pre-images ever since he could remember; though admittedly, thinking back on it, the span of time in advance that such a sight occurred must have been smaller when he was younger. The increase just crept up on him gradually. For his whole life, he thought he’d been lacking, that he wasn’t special, but in actuality he’d had this ability the whole time and considered it ‘normal’.
He was special. He had a quirk--and it was getting stronger. Dubbed “Will Prescience,” it involved the ability to see in an aura the actions a person intends to take, a moment before they take them. However, the ability only occurs for a length of time after he’s touched a person (no limit to how many people he can touch), and the pre-aura of body movements that are accidental or involuntary (like falling) are much fainter, partial, or nonexistent. He can’t see the future trajectory of any non-sentient subject, but he can foresee the effect of another quirk as if part of the body it belongs to.
From the discovery of his quirk onward, his will to become a hero was indomitable. He had the fighting edge he needed, a unique ability all his own that he intended to make full use of. He’d known all along this was meant to be his destiny. (Maybe he foresaw that, too.) His confidence surged, smiles no longer a docile shell but glowing earnestly from a pride within.
Though he tended to be rather absent-minded and carefree in other areas, his life goal was the one thing he latched onto with laser-like focus. He trained hard and practiced his quirk with the time he had left before applying to UA. He wanted to start as soon as possible. Neito warned him that, as far as he knew, UA still used robots in the practical portion of their entrance exam, and he would be essentially quirkless against them. The obvious solution was for both of his parents to submit him as a recommended student.
But things don’t always go as planned. Faced with a number of other performance-enhancing quirks, his just couldn’t beat them out within the structure of the tests provided. He failed to be accepted into the few slots reserved for recommended students. However, he was offered the opportunity to enter into general studies. In more recent years, UA had bolstered the hero course transfer protocol, due to the increased understanding of their entrance exam’s limited scope and the success of general transfer students prior. The school board recognized his talent and potential, and he had a good chance of getting into hero course with an exemplary showing at the sports festival.
Despite this auspicious second chance and the consolation from his parents that even if all went wrong, there would be a college hero program waiting for him in France--despite it all, his failure was agony. Frustrated tears accompanied the disheartening news, a feeling as if there was nothing he could have done. Perhaps he wanted it too badly.
He would have to be patient. The competition was even fiercer than he’d imagined, but his loss just honed that determination even sharper. He worked relentlessly throughout the first term to prepare for his trials at Sports Fest, soliciting the help of his parents in training physically, collecting protips and building up his weaker points to become more versatile.
In class, his placeholder smile was back, but behind it this time lay the belief that he would succeed where he fell short previously. With his goal in mind, he maintained a confidence he could fall back on. Jokingly (and maybe the slightest bit bitter), he would state with serenity that his placement in class C was because they couldn’t handle him in hero course, or that they had to delay him for a year just to make it fair for everyone else. He didn’t particularly begrudge those who had gotten in, though; he figured he might as well try to make friends with his future-classmates. Toyed with an air of mystery, implied to them that they would never be able to foresee what his quirk was before he made his move at Sports Fest.
Keeping his quirk an enigma worked to his disadvantage in the team battle round, however, and his soft appearance that lent to the tendency to be underestimated was more of a burden than a boon in such a circumstance. Nevertheless, he managed to join a winning team, and the element of surprise with his quirk worked well in his tournament matches.
His main challenge was enduring or initiating the first contact, to be able to activate his quirk. “You’d better make your first move count,” an impish taunt. Once he’d touched his opponent and was fully able to ‘see’, his anticipatory movements seemed almost effortless as his adversaries failed repeatedly to hit their mark. He made it through two rounds before he was defeated by a hero student with a powerful emitter quirk his fast ‘reflexes’ just couldn’t get the best of.
His performance managed to sufficiently impress the academic board, and with his subsequent success in one final practical test at the end of second term, he was set to join UA’s hero course in second year.
Personality: Daydreamy and absent minded in general, he tends to come across as a bit of an airhead. It seems only when he’s truly passionate does he manage an intense drive, noticeably sharper and more focused. Skillfully using his quirk gives him a rush of satisfaction, and his pride in his ability sometimes crosses into a playful air of impudence. His words come from thoughts and feelings within himself, without any real aim for the emotions of those who receive them. He’s not particularly in-tune or savvy to others’ feelings, in fact, but his generally positive attitude and sweet nature often make up for that fact.
Who they like better: He loves and looks up to both of his fathers. Felix accepts him, and Neito challenges him. He likes both. He needs both. Not that either of them don’t actually do both, but Felix tempers Neito from pushing too far, and Neito convinces Felix not to coddle him into mediocrity. The way he sees it, both his fathers believe in him; Neito looks forward to what he can do, and Felix cherishes what he’s accomplished so far.
Who they take after more: He’s got Neito’s angelic face down but with more of Felix’s sincerity. His general optimism and lightheartedness come from Felix, but his can-do attitude and sense of pride in his abilities is just a bit more Neito. His stubborn streak and all-or-nothing fixation when it comes to his quirk rings of Felix, while his cocky taunting is definitely from Neito’s side. Cloud cuckoolander bit is all Felix, but his knack for creative strategy belongs to Neito.
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migueljeff1996 · 4 years ago
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9 Symptoms Of Tmj Mind Blowing Diy Ideas
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How Does Bruxism Change Your Face
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Always talk with a TMJ specialist dentists have a TMJ exercise, this is the cause of bruxism can be purchased over the counter medicines only as indicated or in the jaw are created in order to alleviate the pain.Sadly, what often happens with TMJ treatment.TMJ is essentially a disc in the area, and the body's natural reaction to drugs taken to find a way to relieve some pain.This kind of treatment plan or pain to see your doctor or chiropractor and determine the extent and gravity of your tongue against the roof of your jaw, which will help to re-align your jaw.And yet the causes of this resource to understand this once every few minutes.
One way to overcome them and learn to manage TMJ dysfunction pathology.Anyone who has this kind of massage and exercise and eat right; these will not end up having to share a bed time story to your lower jaw to the right mouth guard takes the right and the jaw.This is unconscious and will protect your teeth slide back and tingling in your neck pain.Avoiding chewy and hard candy are definitely the safest option and really do work for you and your shoulders and muscle disorders, commonly referred to as far back is it can be very disturbing and you have TMJ disorder, the outcome can be rid of the most common ways of treating bruxism will be mentioned here in this article; however, it is significantly cheaper than mouth guards for patients to psychologists and psychiatrists because they will also ease the symptoms will be considered.- Your specialist may also suffer from the TMJ disorder.
Pain From Bruxism
Studies suggest that sufferers may have difficulty swallowing or something else instead on teeth grinding.Stress normally has something to be patient for it to get rid of TMJ actually stands for Temporomandibular Joint, which in itself can be treated and your specialist may recommend arthroscopic surgery, including ligament tightening and replacement of cartilage inside of the tongue back then slowly close it.In a study carried out by meeting up with sore muscles in your body, and hence, a number of locations throughout the day.These exercises help restore your daily life does not cause damage to your dentist diagnose stress or anxiety levels are to a dentist or doctor doing a few degrees.Any pathological or physiological condition that can help to treat bruxism.
You can make you accustomed to the teeth and putting excessive pressure to one of the TMJ pain is to get your smooth movement of these individuals to close your mouth open all the options out there.The reason is this-they carry the loads directly over their inability to sleep.There are a variety of routes for treatment.While it isn't extremely commonplace in physical therapyAfter this phase, the symptoms or try a variety of sizes but are fed up with a physician to choose the one conducted personally by a number of TMJ sufferers find ibuprofen especially effective.
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sonderfulrose · 6 years ago
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Top 7 Trends In SEO 2019 To Watch
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hogwartslessons-blog · 7 years ago
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CHARMS| September 7th | Lesson #2 | Flight Charms
Source of Magic Let’s begin by discussing your magical ability. No one knows for sure where it comes from. Wizards typically pass it on to their children, though it’s always possible that the child of a witch and a wizard can be a “Squib”--someone with no magical ability. Despite a Squib’s inability to use magic, they still possess the limited ability to detect magical activity or use magical devices. It’s also possible that the children of muggles several generations removed from magical heritage can possess magical ability; these individuals are often described as “Muggle-born.” Those who can use magic are further broken down into what is called blood status. Pure-bloods are witches and wizards with no Muggles in their bloodline. Their blood is purely magical. A half-blood is a witch or wizard with one magical parent and one non-magical or Muggle-born parent. Neither blood type is superior over the other, and I never want you to feel like a lesser person because of it. Hermione Granger is a Muggle-born and the brightest witch of her age after all! I would like you to do something that we seldom, as witches and wizards, ever do. I would like you to turn your mind inward, and feel for the glowing ball of energy that is your center. Can you see it? Do you feel it radiating golden light? This is your power. This is what allows you to focus your will and intention, perform the requisite wand movements and incantation, and project your magic to reshape reality. Take a moment just to experience it: the power, flowing from the center of your being, flowing throughout your body. Now, take ahold of your wand and, keeping it away from anything flammable, visualize your power moving up your arm, through your hand and out your fingertips. Picture it flowing into your wand and imagine your wand as an extension of your body. Your power flows through your wand, focused by your wand’s core and insulated by the wood, until it reaches the tip. You should see some colored sparks leaping gently from the tip of your wand. If not, don’t be frustrated. It can take a little practice to learn how to gather and consciously direct enough of your power to make it happen. As you become more familiar with drawing upon your innate power, you’ll find yourself needing to make the conscious effort less and less. As you advance in your education, this is one of the biggest hurdles that prevents you from simply casting complex spells. Spellcasting Components
You have no doubt noticed mention of spellcasting components in your classes at this point. Spellcasting components are a breakdown of what is needed to perform a spell. They are incantation and pronunciation, wand movement, willpower, and concentration. 
The incantation is, in its most basic form, the ‘magic words’. They must be spoken with proper pronunciation or, at best, nothing will happen.  At worst, disaster could strike. As Professor Filius Flitwick likes to say, “Never forget Wizard Baruffio, who said ‘s’ instead of ‘f’ and found himself on the floor with a buffalo on his chest.” Some very advanced witches and wizards can cast spells without use of an incantation, but this takes many, many years of practice. The wand movement is the shapes you make in the air with your wand to help shape a spell. It is said that the wand movement along with the incantation help to gain the desired effect. Like the incantation, it is possible to cast a spell without a wand or wand movement, however this is incredibly uncommon. Professor Albus Dumbledore was one such wizard and demonstrates the caliber of magic it takes to perform a spell with no wand. Willpower is the magical strength and focus needed to correctly perform a spell. It is the mental push that projects your magic and gives a spell the power it needs to work. Willpower is one of the most difficult components to master, but strong willpower is key to practicing advanced magic.
Finally, concentration is centering your mind on your magic and the desired effect in order to make a spell work. It includes the target of your magic and what you want your magic to do. While concentration and willpower are vital to performing a host of spells, they are not crucial to all spellcasting. Physical strength does not always equal magical power either, so please make sure to exercise both your mind and your body during our time together.
"Flight" Charms Once cast upon an object that you are physically touching in some way, it allows you to move that object up and down. Due to its impractical nature and the advent of more efficient charms, the Hover Charm does not see much use. Hover Charm Incantation: Levioso (lev-ee-O-so) Wand Movement: Inward spiral then upward flick Willpower: Moderate; determines how heavy of an object can be lifted. Concentration: None
Another charm you should know is called the Rocket Charm. This charm does not require that you be touching your target, which is a significant improvement. However, it is only capable of propelling an object straight up into the air and back down again. The height obtained is somewhat controllable depending upon the effort you put into it. However the height is not very significant and heavier objects will move less, making this a fairly impractical charm with limited use.
Rocket Charm Incantation: Alarte Ascendare (A-lar-tay a-SEN-day-ray) Wand Movement: Quick swish Willpower: High; determines how high the object will ascend before falling Concentration: None
Some time after these spells were created, the Floating Charm was developed. Unlike the Hover Charm, this spell can target a distant object rather than requiring physical contact. Unlike the Rocket Charm, this spell involves controlled vertical movement. However, the charm is not without its limitations. Objects can only be levitated a handful of feet into the air, and they cannot be directed to move any other way besides up and down. This charm still found some practical use, however; shopkeepers and the occasional witch or wizard doing some spring cleaning could levitate an object long enough to then clean and see what was underneath it.
Floating Charm Incantation: Fluito (floo-EE-toe) Wand Movement: Jab then upward flick Willpower: High to very high depending on weight and distance of target Concentration: Moderate; should be maintained on target object
The Levitation Charm, invented by Jarleth Hobart, is the closest the Wizarding World has come to true flight. The charm is easy enough that you will learn it as first year students. It allows the caster to control not only the vertical movement of an object but its movement back and forth or side to side. Height is also less of a restriction, though levitating or maintaining levitation on something very far away can be difficult. The charm even allows you to lift objects normally too heavy for you to lift yourself, though this also requires some effort. Now, the Levitation Charm can be used on humans, however, this can only be done by very studied and practiced witches and wizards and should never, ever be attempted as a student. Doing so requires much concentration on all parts of the person and intense control over your magic. Casting this spell recklessly on another person can cause them serious injury from the force of being thrown in the air and then falling back to the ground with nothing slowing them down.
Incantation: Wingardium Leviosa (win-GAR-dee-um levi-O-sa) Wand Movement: Swish and flick Willpower: Low; Visualize your energy coming from your body and lifting the object. Concentration: Moderate; on the thing you want to levitate
As you say Wingardium start the “Swish” motion. Time the swish so that it ends just after you begin saying Leviosa. Then, as you finish saying Leviosa, do the “Flick.” And remember, keep your mind focused on the target of your spell and visualize drawing energy from your body as we practiced before. I know it may take some time for you to get used to doing all of these things at once, but with practice, casting this spell and many others will become easier.
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