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rocketwerks · 6 years ago

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J.B. Mosby Dry Goods Store

201-205 West Broad Street Built, 1916 Architects, Starrett & Van Vleck; Associate Architects, Carneal & Johnston

January 2019

If ever you're looking for an expression of Southern Lost Cause chip-on-the-shoulder defiance, with just a touch of bitterness, look no further than the grand opening of J. B. Mosby's Dry Goods Store.

(Chronicling America) — Richmond Times-Dispatch — Sunday, September 30, 1917 — advertisement announcing the new store’s grand opening

The building itself is a Richmond product.

[RVCJ03] — Samuel Binwanger, Founder of Binwanger & Co., Builder’s Supplies — H. S. Binswanger, Director of Binswanger & Company, Incorporated, Building Materials

We refer with pleasure to our Contractors, The Wise Granite Company; also our Sub-Contractors, The Richmond Structural Steel Co., Pomborton & Benson, W. F. Mahoney, W. B. Catlett, Mr. Granville Gray, manager of the Otis Elevator Co.; Fulton Brick Works. Binswanger & Co. and others, all of Richmond, who completed this building in the specified time, five months, thereby establishing for themselves a most enviable record.

(Library of Virginia) — Carneal & Johnston Negative Collection — ca. 1916

Carneal & Johnson, of Richmond, were the associate architects, whose able services helped in a large measure to make this beautiful building possible.

In other words, the Mosby store, admitted by everybody to be without a superior in the United States for beauty and convenience, is distinctly a Richmond product from its conception to its completion.

(Chronicling America) — Richmond Times-Dispatch — Sunday, September 30, 1917 — advertisement announcing the new store’s grand opening

For some years past we have felt the necessity for a new and modern building to take care of the rapidly increasing business so liberally bestowed upon us by the people of Richmond and vicinity. The present site at Jefferson and Broad Streets was selected from the best figures available as being the center of the residential section of Richmond in the near future.

[ADR] — J. B. Mosby Building in 1981, abandoned for a decade — note the sign at lower left, For Sale Rent 266-9656

We have just opened on our third floor three new departments, devoted exclusively to furnishings for Babies, Children and Juniors. Each department is separate and complete in Its appointments. Everything for the Baby from its birth up to six years of age. The Department for Children comprises all furnishings necessary between six and twelve years, and the Junior Department up to seventeen years, including Party Dresses, etc.

(Commonwealth Times) — interior of the former J. B. Mosby Dry Goods Store, now Quirk Hotel

The present house of J. B. Mosby & Co. began business many years ago under the firm name of Temple, Pemberton, Cordes & Co., with Mr. J. B. Mosby as a silent partner and identified with the retail dry goods business since '65. Shortly afterward Messrs. Temple, Pemberton and Cordes retired from the firm. At this time two young men, George C. Dietrich, Jr., and Eugene A. Deitrich, who had been connected with the business from its beginning, were then admitted into partnership. the firm name becoming J. B. Mosby & Co.

At a later date the business was incorporated.

(Architecture Richmond) — interior of the former J. B. Mosby Dry Goods Store, now Quirk Hotel

In 1912 Mr. Mosby retired from active business on account of failing health and disposed of his holding to his two younger partners, who have since continued the business under the old firm name, with E. A. Dietrich as president; George C. Dietrich, Jr., vice-president, and E. G. Hulcher, secretary and treasurer.Mr. Hulcher also having been connected with the business since boyhood.

In February, 1917, Mr. J. C. Warriner and Mr. J. F. Jones, faithful employees of the firm for many years, were admitted to an interest in the business. (Chronicling America)

[RHC] — circa 1944 — Selective Service System-Richmond City Local Wards, left 1st floor window — Richmond Veterans’ Information and Service Center, right 1st floor window

Junius B. Mosby is not to be confused with John Singleton Mosby of Mosby’s Raiders. The former surrendered with Lee’s forces at Appomattox in 1865, whereas the latter did not formally surrender until June 17th of that year. Both Junius and John were also born in Powhatan, so you have to think they were related, but despite an attempt to decode their family tree, it remains unresolved.

Today, the former dry goods store is Quirk Hotel, the brainchild of Ted Ukrop. Architecture Richmond has an excellent write-up about its transformation by none other than the redoubtable Robert P. Winthrop, and is well worth reading. He points out that the building, despite the grand opening's claims to the contrary, not solely a Richmond project.

(J.B. Mosby Dry Goods Store is part of the Atlas RVA! Project)

Sources

[RHC] Richard Hayes Collection. Dementi Studio photograph. Circa 1944.

[RVCJ03] Richmond, Virginia: The City on the James: The Book of Its Chamber of Commerce and Principal Business Interests. G. W. Engelhardt. 1903.

#mustseerva #rvahistory #broadstreet #rva #cityatomic

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go-redgirl · 5 years ago

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Pelosi on Mail-In Ballot Push: ‘We’re Now calling It Voting at Home’ Breitbart ^ | May 25 2020 | TONY LEE

OPINION: No! No! No Nancy Pelosi, we will not be voting by Mail-in Ballots as long as you ‘crooked’ Democrats are in Congress.

We will be voting as usual with ‘ safe distancing’ gloves and a mask at the ballot box. You crooks will never get the opportunity ‘rigg’ our voting system.

No one in this country trust the Democrats in this country with something as precious as individuals voting rights in this country.

Safe distancing, gloves an a mask to cover your mouth is all that’s needed.

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INDIVIDUALS/COMMENTS/POST:

To: knighthawk

Here we are five months before the election and people have had ENOUGH and they are going out and living life, enjoying themselves.

In November this will be a distant memory.

There is ZERO reason to shut down polling places when “social distancing,” masks and hand sanitizer are the perfectly acceptable methods to keep Walmart, Safeway and ACE Hardware open.

posted on 5/25/2020, 2:07:59 PM by ProtectOurFreedom

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To: knighthawk

Nope. Let them kill it in the SEnate, and then if it gets by McConnel, the President will veto it.

Of course, Nanzi knows this.

She’s banking on the DNCMedia carrying her water by saying not allowing vote by mail is a. Racist b. Sexist c. Hurts the poor d. Hurts the unemployed e. Kills Grandma f. Is voter suppression (which turns it completely on its head)

The real answer is to NOT allow it, Mitch.

She and her fellow media Trump haters can pound sand.

posted on 5/25/2020, 2:10:33 PM by Alas Babylon! (The prisons do not fill themselves. Get moving, Barr!)

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To: ProtectOurFreedom

Their chicken shi## followers will be voting from home, Im going out to vote and in light of what we all have witnessed with our Marxist Nazi mayors and governors WE NEED A LANDSLIDE THAT WILL SMACK THIER DEAD GRANDMOTHERS

posted on 5/25/2020, 2:12:10 PM by ronnie raygun

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To: knighthawk

Voter fraud, mail fraud…the potentials are endless.

https://www.justice.gov/archives/jm/criminal-resource-manual-940-18-usc-section-1341-elements-mail-fraud

https://www.justice.gov/usao-nh/pr/federal-election-fraud-fact-sheet

posted on 5/25/2020, 2:13:23 PM by Ouchthatonehurt

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To: knighthawk

Pelosi on Mail-In Ballot Push: ‘We’re Now calling It Voting at Home’

Cheating from home.

posted on 5/25/2020, 2:14:30 PM by SmokingJoe

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To: knighthawk

All voters means anyone who is registered. This means non-citizens.

We know there are roughly 50 million non-citizens in this country now. If we allow this to go through, we would be giving the democrats another 15 points toward the final election results.

The globalist will forever be sending us there non-productive members. We will cease as a country.

posted on 5/25/2020, 2:14:33 PM by Flavious_Maximus

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To: knighthawk

We’re now calling it a “Slightly Pre-Owned Food Sandwich”.

posted on��5/25/2020, 2:15:06 PM by Mr. Rabbit

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To: knighthawk

To quote my favorite Senator John Kennedy (R-LA.the “the short answer, NO! the long answer, HELL NO”.

posted on 5/25/2020, 2:19:29 PM by GOYAKLA (Winning not whining!)

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To: knighthawk

Honestly, this is so important, that we should all be willing to protest this with civil disobedience. Absentee ballots can be filled out by ANYONE, and the number of these that will be circulating to illegals etc. will be astronomical. Plus, you just know that these will be counterfeited like crazy. There will be more ballots being mailed in then there are voters.

Voting SHOULD require effort. It SHOULD require proof of citizenship. It SHOULD require voter verification. We SHOULD shut down this election entirely until this is solved. If the Botox B*t*h thinks it's too unsafe to go to the polls, then we should delay the election.

posted on 5/25/2020, 2:22:36 PM by neverevergiveup

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To: knighthawk

Voting is a PUBLIC act of private selection of a candidate. It is a voluntary act of the Citizenry (real citizens)by a process described in the U.S. Constitution.

It is not-— “voting at home”. What utter bull crap. One goes to a precinct to physically vote— where a physical record of a registered voter (limit one vote per citizen per their one precinct) records their vote. Anonymously.

What this biotch is proposing removes.. PROOF of citizenry, and anonymity as well as the ability to have far more “ballots” to be COUNTED as “votes” which are NOT and would never be... legal votes. One person one vote.

posted on 5/25/2020, 2:31:57 PM by John S Mosby (Sic Semper Tyrannis)

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To: knighthawk

“Voting at home” aka: Massive DemoRat vote fraud.

posted on 5/25/2020, 2:35:30 PM by Signalman

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To: knighthawk

This is voting from the cemeteries.

posted on 5/25/2020, 2:36:30 PM by CMailBag

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To: knighthawk

NO!

posted on 5/25/2020, 2:38:14 PM by Dogbert41 (Jerusalem is the city of the Great King!!!)

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To: knighthawk

We are now calling it massive voter fraud to allow Dems to have power forever..kind of voting.

We rent out a guest house out back, had many tenants throughout the years, even though they no longer live here we still get their ballot info delivered every election season..so I could vote in all of their names if I wanted to

posted on 5/25/2020, 2:38:46 PM by Sarah Barracuda[ Post Reply

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To: knighthawk

No.

I dont want to vote at home.I dont want several layers of unsecure people getting their hands on my ballot.

posted on 5/25/2020, 2:43:57 PM by Secret Agent Man (Gone Galt; Not Averse to Going Bronson.)

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To: knighthawk

Pelosi on Mail-In Ballot Push: ‘We’re Now calling It Voting at Home’

Hell... if it's that simple then we really DON'T need Senators or elected Congressional Representatives now, do we?

The American people can REPRESENT THEMSELVES by replacing the Government reps and just vote on issues from home that are presented by the executive branch. /s

posted on 5/25/2020, 2:45:48 PM by VideoDoctor

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To: knighthawk

She should be more worried about the Chinese communists nuking her district in the upcoming world war.

posted on 5/25/2020, 2:48:34 PM by july4thfreedomfoundation (I'm triggered by liberals and other assorted moonbats.)

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To: knighthawk

It’s called ‘stealing the election’ Democrat-Communist Party style

posted on 5/25/2020, 2:50:02 PM by yardboyd (Call me a rose.... or leave me alone.)

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To: Flavious_Maximus

This would be the end of a Republican winning any significant election again. The fraud and abuse seen already is absolutely disgusting.

posted on 5/25/2020, 2:56:09 PM by shanover (...To disarm the people is the best and most effectual way to enslave them.-S.Adams)

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To: knighthawk

When things aren’t going well Democrats always change the name instead of the policy.

posted on 5/25/2020, 3:01:41 PM by SaxxonWoods (Just sit in your house until the food stops coming and then starve. You'll be safe.)

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To: Flavious_Maximus

All voters means anyone who is registered. This means non-citizens.If they're registered voting by mail won't make any difference. It would be just as easy to vote in person.

posted on 5/25/2020, 4:49:47 PM by semimojo

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simsofsimcity-blog · 7 years ago

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Cindy McClellan- (in blue)

- I hate that we moved. It sucks. I’m tired of it. And what’s with all these boys? This is stupid.

- James was talking about getting a dog the other day, I want a cat. Stupid boys.

- I’m with him on the Lemonade stand idea though, we can take turns with it and get a bunch of money and buy something cool.

- Mother says I should be well rounded before I have to Transition so I can be ready for any Aspiration I get. Some sims get lucky and get to choose their own, but only if they age up in Platinum. That’s what Candice said anyway. I’ll work on mechanical next then. I don’t have any points in it.

- I’m not worried about peeing my pants or anything like that, I got past that in elementary school, but sometimes I swear I have too much to do and I’ll pass out, it’s going to be even worse in high school, trying to keep up with everything, it scares me.

- Only at a C right now, I can’t miss any more homework, I can’t miss the bus again or anything. I can’t get a D.

- This stupid house doesn’t have any smoke detectors. WHY? I guess Mom and Mrs. Mosby are pretty good cooks, but still. Stupid house.

#ts2 #ubermegahood #sims of sim city #meadow creek #mcclellan #cindy mcclellan

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bountyofbeads · 5 years ago

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Elijah Cummings Is Remembered as a ‘Master of the House’ https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/24/us/politics/elijah-cummings.html

His voice could shake mountains’: Cummings lies in state at U.S. Capitol

By Jenna Portnoy and Ovetta Wiggins | Published October 24 at 1:00 PM ET | Washington Post | Posted October 24, 2019 |

Longtime congressman Elijah E. Cummings was remembered Thursday as the moral backbone of Congress, a leader who — like the prophet whose name he shared — “saw wrongdoing and spent his life working to banish it from our land.”

House Majority Leader Steny Hoyer, a fellow Maryland Democrat, made the biblical comparison as hundreds of current and former members of the House and Senate gathered in Statuary Hall in the Capitol to honor their friend and colleague.

Leaders from both chambers, and both sides of the aisle, lauded Cummings as a public servant who always prioritized the constituents who elected him.

“Elijah Cummings did not just represent Baltimore, he embodied it,” said Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell (R-Ky.), recalling the Democrat’s efforts to calm rioting after the 2015 death of Freddie Gray, a young unarmed black man, of injuries sustained in police custody.

“Let’s go home. Let’s all go home,” McConnell recalled Cummings saying to protesters. “Now our distinguished colleague truly has gone home, home to his father’s house,” McConnell continued. “And we pray that our God will now reward the service Elijah Cummings gave in life, with the peace of God which surpasses all understanding.”

Senate Minority Leader Schumer (D-N.Y.) said Cummings was “universally respected and admired in a divided time,” with power that came not from his booming baritone, but from his moral force.

“He was strong, very strong when necessary, but also kind and caring and honorable,” Schumer said. “ His voice could shake mountains, stir the most cynical hearts, inspiring us all to better.”

Cummings is the first African American lawmaker to lie in state in the Capitol. Two other African Americans have received the honor, known as lying “in honor” for nonelected officials: Civil rights icon Rosa Parks, in 2005, and Capitol Police Officer Jacob J. Chestnut Jr., who was killed in 1998 by a gunman who had burst into the Capitol.

Cummings (D), who chaired of the House Oversight and Reform Committee, died Oct. 17, at age 68.

Former presidents Barack Obama and Bill Clinton will be among those delivering remarks at his funeral Friday at New Psalmist Baptist Church in West Baltimore, where Cummings worshiped for decades.

Late Thursday morning, lawmakers and guests stood silently as the flag-draped coffin was slowly rolled into a packed Statuary Hall, followed by Cummings’ widow, Maryland Democratic Party chair Maya Rockeymoore Cummings, and other family members.

Two military guards stood at attention at either end of the coffin.

Current and former members of Congress crowded together against velvet ropes, wearing dark suits and dresses. D.C. Del. Eleanor Holmes Norton was seated between Reps. John Lewis and Maxine Waters, also Democrats. Former congressman Jim Moran stood with Rep. Gerald E. Connolly (D-Va.) and freshman Rep. Elaine Luria (D-Va.).

After the “arrival ceremony,” the coffin was moved to the entrance of the House chamber, where members of the public may pay their respects until 7 pm.

House Speaker Nancy Pelosi (D-Calif.) said the coffin was placed atop the same catafalque that held the remains of Abraham Lincoln. She described Cummings as a mentor to generations of young political leaders, quoting his frequent refrain that children are “the messages to a future we will never see.”

“Elijah was truly a master of the house. He respected its history, and in it he helped shape America’s future,” Pelosi said.

When committee assignments were made, Pelosi recalled, Cummings wanted as many freshmen as possible in his committee. “I love their potential and I want to help them realize it,” he said, according to Pelosi.

Cummings was a regular on television news panels and a leading figure in the Trump impeachment inquiry.

But mourners at a day-long celebration in his honor Wednesday at Morgan State University in Baltimore, where Cummings served on the board of regents, said they would remember him as a man who always fought for his city and its people.

“He spoke for the forgotten,” said Emanuel J. Stanley, grand master of the Most Worshipful Prince Hall Grand Lodge of Maryland, a national fraternal organization to which Cummings belonged. “Now he is dancing with the angels.”

Noreen Wright, 59, a home health-care nurse, brought her 9- and 12-year-old grandsons to the historically black research university, saying she wanted them to witness history.

“He’s an icon,” Wright said of Cummings, who she called a modern-day civil rights leader. “He’s someone that the next generation can look at to see how it’s supposed to be done.”

More than two dozen speakers took turns at a lectern directly behind the casket , which was guarded by Prince Hall Freemasons. Local, state and federal elected officials praised Cummings as a champion who expanded health care access, protected the right to vote and fought for educational opportunities for children.

Many also shared personal stories about how he mentored them in their careers and family lives.

“He wasn’t about the people, he was the people,” said Del. Nick J. Mosby (D-Baltimore City). Alluding to Cummings’s dignified response when President Trump insulted him and Baltimore this summer, Mosby said: “He governed with emotion but never allowed emotions to govern him.”

Mosby said he and his wife, Marilyn J. Mosby, who is the state’s attorney for Baltimore, will miss their double dates with the late congressman and his wife.

Former senator Barbara A. Mikulski, who retired in 2016 as the nation’s longest-serving female senator, said Cummings could “investigate, legislate and agitate” and inspired a feeling of connection with every man and woman in his beloved city.

“I’m back!” she told the crowd. “I’m back for Elijah. And Elijah always had my back, and Elijah always had your back, too.”

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Making Capitol History, Cummings Is Remembered as a ‘Master of the House’

Representative Elijah E. Cummings, who died last week, became the first African-American elected official to lie in state in the Capitol on Thursday.

By Sheryl Gay Solberg | Published

October 24, 2019 Updated 2:47 PM ET | New York Times | Posted October 24, 2019 |

WASHINGTON — The late Representative Elijah E. Cummings, the powerful Democrat whose booming baritone and impassioned cries for decency reverberated through the halls of Congress for more than two decades, made history one final time on Thursday, as the first African-American elected official to lie in state in the United States Capitol.

A son of sharecroppers who rose to the chairmanship of the House Oversight and Reform Committee, which gave him a towering perch from which to investigate President Trump, Mr. Cummings, 68, who died last week after a series of health challenges, was memorialized by congressional leaders in both parties as a man of faith and dignity, and a dedicated public servant, but also as a friend.

“Perhaps this place and this country would be better served with a few more unexpected friendships,” said a teary-eyed Representative Mark Meadows, the conservative North Carolina Republican whose close friendship with Mr. Cummings, despite their strong political differences, was well known in the Capitol. “I know I’ve been blessed by one.”

Political luminaries and lawmakers — including Mr. Cummings’ fellow members of the Congressional Black Caucus, many wearing African kente cloth scarves — poured into the Capitol to witness his coffin draped with an American flag ascend its marble steps, carried by a military honor guard. The Rev. Al Sharpton came. So did the former House speaker, Paul D. Ryan.

One luminary not in attendance was President Trump, whose fractious relationship with Mr. Cummings hit a low point over the summer, when the president attacked Mr. Cummings as a “racist” and described the congressman’s home city of Baltimore as a “disgusting, rat and rodent infested mess.” Mr. Cummings responded by urging the president to visit.

Vice President Mike Pence, however, was expected to come to to the Capitol early Thursday afternoon, when the coffin was moved to a spot in front of the House chamber so the public could come to pay respects.

Mr. Cummings’ loss was a profound one inside the Capitol, especially among freshmen, whom Mr. Cummings took care to mentor. Speaker Nancy Pelosi called him a “master of the House” and a “mentor of the House,” and described how Mr. Cummings asked to have as many freshmen as possible on his committee because he saw in them so much energy and potential.

Two Democratic freshmen — Representatives Ayanna S. Pressley of Massachusetts and Lauren Underwood of Illinois, both black women whose own elections made history last year — walked out of Thursday’s ceremony with tears streaming down their cheeks.

“Elijah would continually remind us when we came short of our goals and ideals: We are better than this,” said Representative Steny H. Hoyer, the Democratic leader and Mr. Cummings’ fellow Marylander. “That was his answer when confronted with the differences between America’s promise and its reality.”

The service, featuring remarks by leaders of both parties, took place in National Statuary Hall, which served as the House chamber before 1850. Mr. Cummings’ coffin lay just feet from the statue of civil rights leader Rosa Parks, who in 2005 became the first African-American to lie in honor (the title reserved for private citizens) in the Capitol.

Mr. Cummings’ ascent in American politics was, in his own view, something of a miracle. A lawyer and former state legislator, he was the first African-American in Maryland history to be named speaker pro tem. He once spoke of his bringing his father to his first swearing-in after he was elected to Congress.

“He said, ‘Isn’t this the place where they used to call us slaves?’” Mr. Cummings said, recounting their conversation. “I said, ‘Yes sir.’ He said, ‘Isn’t this the place where they used to call us three-fifths a man?’ I said, ‘Yes sir.’ ‘And isn’t this the place they used to call us chattel?’ I said, ‘Yes, yes sir.’”

The congressman said he would never forget his father’s next sentence: “When I think about you being sworn in today, now I see what I could have been if I’d had the opportunity.”

Lola Fadulu contributed reporting.

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Elijah Cummings lies in state in Capitol Building today(VIDEO)

Published October 24, 2019 9:02 AM

Updated October 24, 2019 12:08 PM | CBS News | Posted October 24, 2019 |

The late longtime Maryland congressman Elijah Cummings, who died last week at the age of 68, is lying in state Thursday in the U.S. Capitol. There was a formal ceremony in the morning open to lawmakers, Cummings' family and invited guests. The public viewing is taking place after the memorial service.

House Speaker Nancy Pelosi spoke at the ceremony and referred to Cummings, who was deeply respected by both Democrats and Republicans, as the "North Star" of the House. Pelosi said that Cummings was "truly a master of the House."

"God truly honored America with the life and legacy of Elijah Cummings," Pelosi said. Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer said at the ceremony that Cummings was "universally respected and admired in a divided time."

Republican Congressman Mark Meadows spoke about his "unexpected" friendship with Cummings.

"This place and this country would be better served with a few more unexpected friendships. I know I've been blessed by one," Meadows.

Cummings' wife, Maya Rockeymoore Cummings, who is the chair of the Maryland Democratic Party, has said her husband worked until the end of his life because of his belief that "our democracy was the highest and best expression of our collective humanity and that our nation's diversity was our promise, not our problem."

Cummings, the House Oversight and Reform Committee chairman and a 23-year House veteran, was a key figure in the impeachment inquiry into President Trump and a recent target of intense criticism by the president. He led multiple investigations of Mr. Trump's dealings, including probes in 2019 relating to the president's family members serving in the White House.

The president responded by criticizing Cummings' district as a "rodent-infested mess" where "no human being would want to live." The comments came weeks after Mr. Trump drew bipartisan condemnation following his calls for Democratic congresswomen of color to get out of the U.S. "right now" and go back to their "broken and crime-infested" places of origin.

A sharecropper's son, Cummings was a formidable orator who passionately advocated for the poor in his black-majority district, which encompasses a large portion of Baltimore as well as more well-to-do suburbs.

After Mr. Trump's criticism, Cummings replied that government officials must stop making "hateful, incendiary comments" that only serve to divide and distract the nation from its real problems, including mass shootings and white supremacy.

"Those in the highest levels of the government must stop invoking fear, using racist language and encouraging reprehensible behavior," Cummings said in a speech at the National Press Club.

Throughout his career, Cummings used his fiery voice to highlight the struggles and needs of inner-city residents. He was a firm believer in some much-debated approaches to help the poor and addicted, such as needle exchange programs as a way to reduce the spread of AIDS. Cummings was very popular in his district, where he was a key member of the community.

Cummings said in an interview with "60 Minutes" in January that he was one of the few members of Congress who lived in an inner city environment.

"I like to be among my constituents," he said. "Let me tell you something man, if I don't do well in this block I'm in trouble. I mean, if you wanna take a poll, if I lost in this block I might as well go — I might as well stay home."

*********

Rep. Elijah Cummings hailed as a guiding light for Democrats

House Speaker Nancy Pelosi, D-Calif., Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell, R-Ky., and other congressional leaders spoke at the arrival ceremony.

WASHINGTON — The late Rep. Elijah Cummings was hailed as the "North Star" for fellow House Democrats as congressional leaders and colleagues paid tribute to him at a Capitol ceremony Thursday.

House Speaker Nancy Pelosi, D-Calif., a close personal and political ally, said that not only was Cummings a guiding light, "Elijah was truly a master of the House."

Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell, R-Ky., recalled Cummings' efforts to calm his native Baltimore amid violent 2015 protests following the death of a black man, Freddie Gray, in police custody. Cummings' involvement, taking to the streets with a bullhorn, helped quiet the disturbances.

By day, Cummings was at the Capitol in the halls of power, McConnell said, but at night he returned to Baltimore to encourage unity.

"Let's go home. Let's all go home," McConnell recalled Cummings saying at the time. "Now our distinguished colleague truly has gone home."

House Majority Leader Steny Hoyer, D-Md., said that like Cummings' namesake, the Prophet Elijah, the congressman "saw wrongdoing and spent his life working to banish it from our land."

Hoyer also recalled the 2015 Baltimore protests and said Cummings was "a calming influence in a sea of rage."

The son of sharecroppers, Cummings rose to become a civil rights champion and chairman of the House Oversight and Reform Committee, where he was a leader of an impeachment inquiry of President Donald Trump.

Cummings died Oct. 17 after complications from long-standing health problems.

Hoyer and other speakers remembered a frequent Cummings lament when events went awry or politicians acted badly: "We are better than this," Cummings would thunder to all who would listen.

Rep. Karen Bass, D-Calif., chairwoman of the Congressional Black Caucus, said Cummings was respected and revered in the caucus, "a quiet giant" whose words were heeded.

"He pulled no punches. He was authentic to the core and a champion of our democracy," Bass said.

Rep. Mark Meadows, a North Carolina Republican who frequently sparred with Cummings on the Oversight and Reform Committee, called Cummings a close friend whose "smile would consume his whole face."

But Cummings "also had eyes that would pierce through anybody that was standing in his way," Meadows recalled. Bowing his head, Meadows sad he was blessed to know Cummings, adding: "Perhaps this place and this country would be better served with a few more unexpected friendships."

The public was to have the chance to pay respects to Cummings later Thursday in Statuary Hall. Cummings is just the third African American to lie in honor at the Capitol and the first black lawmaker.

A wake and funeral are planned Friday in Baltimore.

As a tribute to Cummings, no votes were scheduled Thursday in the House.

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investmart007 · 6 years ago

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Maryland News: Baltimore, Three Drug Dealers Plead Guilty To Participating In A Drug Conspiracy Right Before Jury Selection

New Post has been published on https://is.gd/EiSE3M

Maryland News: Baltimore, Three Drug Dealers Plead Guilty To Participating In A Drug Conspiracy Right Before Jury Selection

Baltimore, Maryland – Deandre Smith, age 28, Karron Wheeler, age 35, and Brandon Kellum, age 25, all of Baltimore, pleaded guilty on Tuesday, July 17, 2018, to a drug conspiracy involving the distribution of heroin and fentanyl, just before jury selection for their trial.

The guilty pleas were announced by United States Attorney for the District of Maryland Robert K. Hur; Special Agent in Charge Gordon B. Johnson of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, Baltimore Field Office; Interim Police Commissioner Gary Tuggle of the Baltimore Police Department; and Baltimore City State’s Attorney Marilyn Mosby.

According to Smith’s plea agreement, from at least July 2015 through April 28, 2016, Smith managed a large drug trafficking organization that supplied heroin and fentanyl to distributors in Baltimore, including Wheeler and Kellum. Smith also managed a drug trafficking operation that operated in and around Pedestal Gardens, an apartment complex located in the 300 block of McMechan Street in Baltimore.

Smith, Jamal Carter, and Dymir Rhodes maintained a “stash” house in Catonsville, Maryland, to store drugs and drug proceeds, and to process, and package drugs for distribution. Once packaged for distribution, Smith, Carter, and Rhodes supplied large quantities of heroin and/or fentanyl to several drug shops in Baltimore, including shops operated by Wheeler and Kellum. At Pedastal Gardens, Smith’s operation distributed “packs” of heroin and/or fentanyl and each “pack” typically contained between 25 and 50 gel capsules of the drugs, totaling approximately 2.5 to 5 grams.

As detailed in Smith’s plea agreement, a co-conspirator killed two individuals on August 10, 2016 and October 7, 2015, respectively, to further the Pedastal Gardens drug organization’s drug trafficking activities. The organization believed one of the individuals was distributing drugs in their territory, and the other individual was robbing drug dealers in the area and disrupting the organization’s drug trafficking.

On April 28, 2016, law enforcement officers executed a search warrant at the stash house in Catonsville. At the time of the search warrant, officers located Smith, Carter, and another conspirator inside the residence. During the search, officers discovered approximately 1,186 grams of fentanyl, 575 grams of heroin, and nine grams of cocaine, all of which was being packaged for distribution. Officers also discovered approximately two kilograms of Phenacetin, a substance commonly used to “cut” drugs, as well as approximately $15,465 in cash, and drug paraphernalia. Smith also had approximately $2,000 cash in his pocket.

According to Wheeler’s plea agreement, between at least March 2015 and August 26, 2016, Wheeler managed a drug organization that operated in several locations in Baltimore, including Pennsylvania Avenue and Laurens Street in West Baltimore. During the course of the conspiracy, Wheeler employed or directed more than five individuals. Wheeler admitted that, at his direction, the organization kept a firearm in close proximity to the drug shop for protection and to facilitate the drug operation.

According to Kellum’s plea agreement, from at least November 2015 until Febrary 18, 2016, he participated in the drug conspiracy. On February 18, 2016, law enforcement was conducting surveillance at a shopping center in Catonsville and saw Kellum and a co-conspirator arrive, followed shortly thereafter by Carter. Carter and Kellum met outside their vehicles, then after a brief conversation Carter got into Kellum’s vehicle and placed several plastic baggies containing fentanyl in the vehicle and received payment for the drugs. Carter and Kellum left the area and law enforcement followed Kellum’s vehicle to the 3400 block of Edmondson Avenue, where officers initiated a traffic stop. Law enforcement recovered 135 grams of fentanyl, which Kellum had given to his co-conspirator and which, Kellum admitted, they had intended to distribute to their customers.

Smith and Wheeler each admitted that during their participation in the conspiracy they and his co-conspirators distributed between one and three kilograms of heroin.

Smith and the government have agreed that if the Court accepts the plea agreement Smith will be sentenced to 25 years in prison. No sentencing date for Smith has been set.

Wheeler and the government have agreed that if the Court accepts the plea agreement Wheeler will be sentenced to between 10 and 13 years in prison. U.S. District Judge Catherine C. Blake has scheduled sentencing for September 12, 2018.

Kellum and the government have agreed that if the Court accepts the plea agreement Kellum will be sentenced to between five and seven years in prison. U.S. District Judge Catherine C. Blake has scheduled sentencing for September 10, 2018.

Jamal Carter, age 24, and Dymir Rhodes, age 32, both of Baltimore, previously pleaded guilty to their participation in the drug conspiracy, and were sentenced to 11 years and 10 years in prison, respectively.

This case is part of Project Safe Neighborhoods (PSN), a program bringing together all levels of law enforcement and the communities they serve to reduce violent crime and make our neighborhoods safer for everyone. Attorney General Jeff Sessions reinvigorated PSN in 2017 as part of the Department’s renewed focus on targeting violent criminals, directing all U.S. Attorney’s Offices to work in partnership with federal, state, local, and tribal law enforcement and the local community to develop effective, locally based strategies to reduce violent crime.

United States Attorney Robert K. Hur commended the FBI, the Baltimore Police Department, and the Office of the State’s Attorney for Baltimore City for their work in the investigation. Mr. Hur thanked Assistant U.S. Attorneys Daniel C. Gardner and Christopher J. Romano, who are prosecuting this Organized Crime Drug Enforcement Task Force case.

—-

SOURCE: news provided by JUSTICE.GOV on Thursday, July 19, 2018.

#Baltimore #Baltimore news #Department of Justice #DOJ #Drug #Drug Conspiracy Right #drug dealer #Drug dealers #Jury #Jury selection #Maryland #maryland news #Three Drug Dealers #TodayNews

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medicinethought-blog · 7 years ago

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PE is a blockage of an artery in the lungs by a substance that has traveled through the bloodstream (embolism). PE usually results from a blood clot in the leg that travels to the lung.The risk of blood clots is increased by cancer, prolonged bed rest, smoking, stroke, certain genetic conditions, pregnancy, obesity, and after some types of surgery. And can sometimes be due to the embolization of air, fat, or amniotic fluid.

Symptoms

Syspnea (shortness of breath)

Tachypnea (rapid breathing),

Chest pain

Cough

Hemoptysis (coughing up blood).

Cyanosis (blue discoloration, usually of the lips and fingers),

Collapse,

Circulatory instability because of decreased blood flow through the lungs and into the heart

Sudden death

A pleural friction rub

A pleural effusion

Strain on the right ventricle

A fever

Risk factors

Alterations in blood flow due to injury, pregnancy,obesity cancer

Factors in the vessel wall due to surgery, endothelial injury

Factors affecting the properties of the blood due to estrogen-containing hormonal contraception

Cancer

Diagnosis

CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA) is a pulmonary angiogram obtained using CT with radiocontrast. its non-invasive, its larger accessibility, and you can identify other lung disorders from the differential diagnosis in case there is no pulmonary embolism. Assessing the accuracy of CT pulmonary angiography is lowered by the rapid changes in the number of rows of detectors available in multidetector CT (MDCT). CTPA is not inferior to VQ scanning, and identifies more.

A VQ shows that some areas of the lung are being ventilated but not supplied with blood, this type of examination is as accurate as CT, but is less used. It is particularly useful in people who have an allergy to iodinated contrast, impaired renal function, or are pregnant. The test can be performed with two-dimensional imaging, or single photon emission tomography (SPECT) which enables three-dimensional imaging. Hybrid devices combining SPECT and CT (SPECT/CT) further enables identification of abnormalities.

Low chance of PE, a normal D-dimer level (blood test) is enough to portray presence of PE, D-dimer is highly sensitive (positive implies patient doesn’t have PE and visa versa). Full blood count is done, clotting status (PT, aPTT, TT), and some screening tests (erythrocyte sedimentation rate, renal function, liver enzymes, electrolytes).

Treatment

Anticoagulant Therapy

Anticoagulant therapy is the mainstay of treatment. Heparin or fondaparinux are given, while warfarin, acenocoumarol, or phenprocoumon therapy also starts within hospital. Low molecular weight heparin may reduce bleeding among people with pulmonary embolism. Warfarin therapy often requires an often adjustment and monitoring to dosage for up to 6 months. In cancer patients LMWH (low molecular weight heparin) is favored over warfarin and it is continued for six months and pregnant women are often placed on LMWH until at least six weeks after birth to avoid the teratogenic effects of warfarin. (Distort fetus)

Thrombolysis

PE causing hemodynamic instability (low blood pressure) is an indication for thrombolysis (the destruction of the clot with medication). Catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT) is a new technique found to be relatively safe and effective for massive PEs. This involves accessing the venous system by placing a catheter into a vein in the groin and guiding it through the veins by using fluoroscopic imaging until it is located next to the PE in the plunomary circulation. Medication that breaks up blood clots is released through the catheter.

Inferior vena cava filter

An inferior vena cava filter is constructed if the person has undergone surgery (therefore, anticogulant therapy is contradicted), or a person has a pulmonary embolus after being anticoagulated. It may be implanted to prevent new or existing Deep vein thrombosis from entering the pulmonary artery and combining with an existing blockage. Inferior vena cava filters should be removed when starting anticoagulation.

(An ECG with someone with pulmonary embolism)

References

“What Is Pulmonary Embolism?”. NHLBI. July 1, 2011

“What Are the Signs and Symptoms of Pulmonary Embolism?”. NHLBI. July 1, 2011.

Tintinalli, Judith E. (2010). Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide (Emergency Medicine (Tintinalli)) (7 ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill Companies. p. 432.

Goldhaber SZ (2005). “Pulmonary thromboembolism”. In Kasper DL, Braunwald E, Fauci AS, et al. Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine (16th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. pp. 1561–65.

Lewis, S; Dirksen, S; Heitkemper, M; Bucher, L (2014). Medical-surgical nursing: Assessment and management of clinical problems (9 ed.). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier Mosby. p. 552

Stein PD, Sostman HD, Hull RD, Goodman LR, Leeper KV, Gottschalk A, Tapson VF, Woodard PK (March 2009). “Diagnosis of Pulmonary Embolism in the Coronary Care Unit”. Am. J. Cardiol. 103 (6): 881–6.

Pregerson DB, Quick Essentials: Emergency Medicine, 4th edition. EMresource.org

Jaff MR, McMurtry MS, Archer SL, Cushman M, Goldenberg N, Goldhaber SZ, Jenkins JS, Kline JA, Michaels AD, Thistlethwaite P, Vedantham S, White RJ, Zierler BK (Apr 26, 2011). American Heart Association Council on Cardiopulmonary, Critical Care, Perioperative and Resuscitation,American Heart Association Council on Peripheral Vascular Disease,American Heart Association Council on Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology. “Management of massive and submassive pulmonary embolism, iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis, and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association.”. Circulation. 123 (16): 1788–830.

Ferri, F (2012). Ferri’s Clinical Advisor. St. Louis: Mosby’s.

Carrier M, Righini M, Djurabi RK, Huisman MV, Perrier A, Wells PS, Rodger M, Wuillemin WA, Le Gal G (May 2009). “VIDAS D-dimer in combination with clinical pre-test probability to rule out pulmonary embolism. A systematic review of management outcome studies”. Thromb. Haemost. 101 (5): 886–92.

Schrecengost JE, LeGallo RD, Boyd JC, Moons KG, Gonias SL, Rose CE, Bruns DE (September 2003). “Comparison of diagnostic accuracies in outpatients and hospitalized patients of D-dimer testing for the evaluation of suspected pulmonary embolism”. Clin. Chem. 49 (9):

Schouten HJ, Geersing GJ, Koek HL, Zuithoff NP, Janssen KJ, Douma RA, van Delden JJ, Moons KG, Reitsma JB (May 3, 2013). “Diagnostic accuracy of conventional or age adjusted D-dimer cut-off values in older patients with suspected venous thromboembolism: systematic review and meta-analysis.”. BMJ (Clinical research ed.).

van Es, N; van der Hulle, T; van Es, J; den Exter, PL; Douma, RA; Goekoop, RJ; Mos, IC; Galipienzo, J; Kamphuisen, PW; Huisman, MV; Klok, FA; Büller, HR; Bossuyt, PM (16 August 2016). “Wells Rule and d-Dimer Testing to Rule Out Pulmonary Embolism: A Systematic Review and Individual-Patient Data Meta-analysis.”. Annals of Internal Medicine. 165 (4): 253–61.

Söhne, Maaike; Ten Wolde, Marije; Büller, Harry R. (1 November 2004). “Biomarkers in pulmonary embolism”. Current Opinion in Cardiology. 19 (6): 558–562.

Torbicki A, Perrier A, Konstantinides S, Agnelli G, Galiè N, Pruszczyk P, Bengel F, Brady AJ, Ferreira D, Janssens U, Klepetko W, Mayer E, Remy-Jardin M, Bassand JP (2008). “Guidelines on the diagnosis and management of acute pulmonary embolism: The Task Force for the Diagnosis and Management of Acute Pulmonary Embolism of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)”. European Heart Journal. 29 (18): 2276–2315.

Stein PD, Freeman LM, Sostman HD, Goodman LR, Woodard PK, Naidich DP, Gottschalk A, Bailey DL, Matta F, Yaekoub AY, Hales CA, Hull RD, Leeper KV, Tapson VF, Weg JG (2009). “SPECT in acute pulmonary embolism”. J Nucl Med (Review). 50 (12): 1999–2007.

Konstantinides, S; Torbicki, A; Agnelli, G; Danchin, N; Fitzmaurice, D; Galiè, N; Gibbs, JSR; Huisman, M; Humbert, M; Kucher, N (14 November 2014). “2014 ESC Guidelines on the diagnosis and management of acute pulmonary embolism”. European Heart Journal. 35 (43): 3033–3069.

Da Costa Rodrigues, J; Alzuphar, S; Combescure, C; Le Gal, G; Perrier, A (5 July 2016). “Diagnostic characteristics of lower limb venous compression ultrasonography in suspected pulmonary embolism: a meta-analysis.”. Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH. 14: 1765–72.

Schaefer-Prokop C, Prokop M (2005). “MDCT for the diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism”. European radiology.

Van Strijen MJ, De Monye W, Kieft GJ, Pattynama PM, Prins MH, Huisman MV (2005). “Accuracy of single-detector spiral CT in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism: a prospective multicenter cohort study of consecutive patients with abnormal perfusion scintigraphy”. Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH. 3 (1): 17–25.

Stein PD, Fowler SE, Goodman LR, Gottschalk A, Hales CA, Hull RD, Leeper KV, Popovich J, Quinn DA, Sos TA, Sostman HD, Tapson VF, Wakefield TW, Weg JG, Woodard PK (2006). “Multidetector computed tomography for acute pulmonary embolism”. N. Engl. J. Med. 354 (22): 2317–27.Anderson DR, Kahn SR, Rodger MA, Kovacs MJ, Morris T, Hirsch A, Lang E, Stiell I, Kovacs G, Dreyer J, Dennie C, Cartier Y, Barnes D, Burton E, Pleasance S, Skedgel C, O'Rouke K, Wells PS (2007). “Computed tomographic pulmonary angiography vs ventilation-perfusion lung scanning in patients with suspected pulmonary embolism”. JAMA. 298 (23):

Scarsbrook AF, Gleeson FV (2007). “Investigating suspected pulmonary embolism in pregnancy”. BMJ. 334 (7590): 418–9.

Leung AN, Bull TM, Jaeschke R, Lockwood CJ, Boiselle PM, Hurwitz LM, James AH, McCullough LB, Menda Y, Paidas MJ, Royal HD, Tapson VF, Winer-Muram HT, Chervenak FA, Cody DD, McNitt-Gray MF, Stave CD, Tuttle BD (2011-11-15). “An official American Thoracic Society/Society of Thoracic Radiology clinical practice guideline: evaluation of suspected pulmonary embolism in pregnancy”. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. 184 (10): 1200–8.

National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. Clinical guideline 144: Venous thromboembolic diseases: the management of venous thromboembolic diseases and the role of thrombophilia testing. London, 2012. Benson MD (October 2012). “Pulmonary embolism in pregnancy. Consensus and controversies.”. Minerva ginecologica. 64 (5): 387–98.

Palareti G, Cosmi B, Legnani C, Tosetto A, Brusi C, Iorio A, Pengo V, Ghirarduzzi A, Pattacini C, Testa S, Lensing AW, Tripodi A (2006). “D-dimer testing to determine the duration of anticoagulation therapy”. N. Engl. J. Med. 355 (17): 1780–9.

Yoo, HH; Queluz, TH; El Dib, R (Apr 28, 2014). “Anticoagulant treatment for subsegmental pulmonary embolism.”. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews. Hirsh J, Guyatt G, Albers GW, Harrington R, Schünemann HJ (June 2008). “Executive summary: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines (8th Edition)”. Chest. 133 (6): 71–109

Lavonas, EJ; Drennan, IR; Gabrielli, A; Heffner, AC; Hoyte, CO; Orkin, AM; Sawyer, KN; Donnino, MW (3 November 2015). “Part 10: Special Circumstances of Resuscitation: 2015 American Heart Association Guidelines Update for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care.”. Circulation.

“References in Catheter-directed Therapy for the Treatment of Massive Pulmonary Embolism: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Modern Techniques - Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology”. www.jvir.org.

Hao, Q; Dong, BR; Yue, J; Wu, T; Liu, GJ (30 September 2015). “Thrombolytic therapy for pulmonary embolism.”. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews (9)

Nakamura, S; Takano, H; Kubota, Y; Asai, K; Shimizu, W (Jul 2014). “Impact of the efficacy of thrombolytic therapy on the mortality of patients with acute submassive pulmonary embolism: a meta-analysis.”. Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH. 12 (7): 1086–95.

Chatterjee, Saurav; Chakraborty, Anasua; Weinberg, Ido; Kadakia, Mitul; Wilensky, Robert L.; Sardar, Partha; Kumbhani, Dharam J.; Mukherjee, Debabrata; Jaff, Michael R.; Giri, Jay (18 June 2014). “Thrombolysis for Pulmonary Embolism and Risk of All-Cause Mortality, Major Bleeding, and Intracranial Hemorrhage”. JAMA. 311 (23): 2414.

Young, Tim; Tang, Hangwi; Hughes, Rodney (2010-02-17). Vena caval filters for the prevention of pulmonary embolism. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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tinymixtapes · 8 years ago

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Music Review: Chino Amobi - PARADISO

Chino Amobi PARADISO [UNO NYC/NON Worldwide; 2017] Rating: 4/5 Part I, The Virginia Monologue The frontier limit had always defined the shape and pace of empire, and Richmond, VA belonged to the frontier. “As early as 1608,” writes Matthew S. Gotlieb, “the English settlers eyed a community near the [James River’s] seven-mile-long series of rapids that […] provided a series of strategic advantages: as a port, as a location for mills, and as a transitional territory between the Tidewater-based Powhatan Indians and the Monacan Indians of the Piedmont.”1 Among its other qualities, it was this transnational nature, the geopolitical fall-line personified by the river falls, that bestowed the village territory — till then known to the native Powhatan people as Shocquohocan, or simply Powhatan — with a preternatural aura of liminality and uninheritability. Vice Admiral Christopher Newport, delegated leader of the Virginia Company of London’s Jamestown project, immediately noted the high, southerly hill just beyond the falls — the seat of one of mamanatowick Powhatan’s weroances, Parahunt — and, because Paradise would always belong to the fair, he soon became obsessed with the location and the notion of strategic military intervention there, that on behalf of the Powhatan against their rivals the Monocan. After meeting Parahunt at the falls, Newport returned downriver where he erected, on one of the islands, a cross, reading Jacobus Rex, 1607. George Percy wrote, “The foure and twentieth day [of May] wee set up a Crosse at the head of this River, naming it Kings River, where we proclaimed James King of England to have the most right unto it.”2 This seemingly inconsequential locus of exchange and transition, between the river rapids, the high hill, and the “Crosse,” was to become the area to which Richmond upon Thames would (possibly) lend its name.3 John Smith’s 1612 map of Virginia. Powhatan, the future site of the City of Richmond, is located at the top left. The land the English christened Virginia had, for thousands of years, been party to various indigenous communities. Yet between 1607 and 1645, the region that the people of the Powhatan Confederacy called Tsenacommacah — literally, “densely-populated land”4, an area encompassing what is now Tidewater Virginia and parts of the Eastern Shore — swiftly became red: with blood and by ensign. Despite several serious setbacks for the colonists (primarily disease), two of the most consequential events of Anglophone North America’s first half-century, the Indian massacres of 1622 and 1644, delineate, rather, the paradoxical beginning of the end for Powhatan hegemony in Tsenacommacah, book-ending a series of asymmetric, low-intensity armed conflicts that, by the mid-1640s, left the Powhatan people devastated and without recourse. As the popular historian Camilla Townsend narrates, “the cultural heirs of people who had been full-time agriculturalists for eleven thousand years rather than a few hundred had already won the [agro-technological arms race].”5 Thus, the English colonists, over just a few decades, were effectively able to suppress and practically eliminate indigenous resistance. Although sometimes called the Jamestown massacre, the event of 1622 largely spared the residents of that settlement, due to a timely last-minute warning detailed in a correspondence to the Virginia Company, dated a year later, from April 4, 1623. Residents of Henricus, located near the site of Powhatan, were not so lucky. From the “Voyage of Anthony Chester” (1707): When the day appointed for the massacre had arrived, a number of the savages visited many of our people in their dwellings, and while partaking with them of their meal the savages, at a given signal, drew their weapons and fell upon us murdering and killing everybody they could reach sparing neither women nor children, as well inside as outside the dwellings. In this attack 347 of the English of both sexes and all ages were killed. Simply killing our people did not satisfy their inhuman nature, they dragged the dead bodies all over the country, tearing them limb from limb, and carrying the pieces in triumph around. 6 The Massacre of the Settlers, woodcut engraving by Matthäus Merian, 1634, depicting the 1622 Jamestown massacre. --- Part II, Conspiracy From the Testimony in the Trial of Gabriel, October 6, 1800: Gabriel was appointed Captain at first consultation respecting the Insurrection and afterwards when he had enlisted a number of men was appointed General[.] That they were to kill Mr[.] Prosser[,] Mr. Mosby[,] and all the neighbours, and then proceed to Richmond, where they would kill [everybody], take the treasury, and divide the money amongst his Soldiers after which he would fortify Richmond, and proceed to discipline his men, as he apprehended force would be raised elsewhere to repel him[.] That if the White people agreed to their freedom they would then hoist a White flag, and He [Gabriel] would dine and drink with the merchants of the City, on the day when it should be so agreed to[.] 7 In 2007, then-Virginia Governor and later Vice Presidential candidate Tim Kaine issued an informal “pardon” of the slave Prosser’s Gabriel, hanged in Richmond in the year 1800, with at least 25 other Afro-Virginians, for leading a failed slave revolt. In restoring the slave Gabriel’s “good name” over two centuries too late, Kaine said that Gabriel was motivated in part by his “devotion to the ideals of the American [R]evolution.” “It was worth risking death to secure liberty,” Kaine remarked solemnly.8 Although no doubt with admirable intention, Governor Kaine was mistaken with regard to some facts about Gabriel. Exceptionalist rhetoric aside, Gabriel, if anything, was motivated not by the Enlightenment, small-R republican ideals contained by the American Revolution — those that ultimately excused and made room for the newborn States’s “peculiar institution” — but rather by those embodied and enacted roughly a thousand miles south, as part and product of the contemporary slave rebellion on the French Caribbean colony of Saint-Domingue. The révolution haïtienne — the most successful slave uprising since Spartacus’s 1,900 years earlier, the only one that led to the founding of a state free from slavery, one ruled by non-whites and former captives — led many enslaved blacks, especially those literate ones like Gabriel, to believe that the opportunity for freedom was finally at hand.9 Letter addressed to Va. Governor James Monroe, August 30, 1800, by Mosby Sheppard. Gabriel himself, a blacksmith who, due to the unique terms and conditions of his enslavement, enjoyed a fluid form of quasi-freedom10, wore a distinctly and romantically black politics, at a time when black consciousness in the Americas could only be said to be nascent. More than a half-century ante-Marx, Gabriel believed his planned rebellion would “spark a class struggle” that had a recognized purpose and might “force specific concessions from the state authorities.”11 In spite of his literacy and social awareness, the circumstances of Gabriel’s condition comprised no accident. In his landmark text “Gabriel’s Conspiracy and the Election of 1800,” the historian Douglas R. Egerton notes that the conspiracy itself — though failed, it remains one of the most consequential slave rebellion plots in American history — cannot be “divorced from the world of Richmond in the years following the American Revolution.”12 --- Part III, PARADISO Lo! Death hath rear’d himself a throne In a strange city, all alone, […] Where the good, and the bad, and the worst, and the best, Have gone to their eternal rest. – Edgar Allan Poe, “City of Sin” And in the same way, He took the cup after they had eaten, saying, “This cup which is poured out for you is the new covenant in My blood…” – Luke 22:20 And the beast was taken, and with him the false prophet that wrought miracles before him, with which he deceived them that had received the mark of the beast, and them that worshipped his image. These both were cast alive into a lake of fire burning with brimstone. – Revelation 19:20 When castings are required, the metal is employed, as in the case of other metal, in a molten state, and is poured into moulds previously prepared for it; in large … complicated objects they are cast in separate parts which were afterwards joined by solder. The great improvements of which have recently been made in the mode of casting metal enabl the manufacturer to produce articles of the most elaborate and ornamental character, as was shown in many of the castings of iron, zinc, &c., in the Great Exhibition. And he took the gold from them and, hammering it with an instrument, he made it into the metal image of a young ox: and they said, This is your god, O Israel, who took you out of the land of Egypt. – Exodus 32:4 --- 1. Gottlieb, Matthew S. “Richmond during the Colonial Period.” Encyclopedia Virginia. Virginia Foundation for the Humanities, 8 Jan. 2016. Web. 8 May. 2017. 2. Percy, George. “Observations by Master George Percy, 1607.” In Narratives of Early Virginia, 1606 - 1625., edited by Lyon Gardiner Tyler. 1st ed. New York, NY: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1907. 1998. Accessed May 9, 2017. http://www.virtualjamestown.org/VVD4SJBL.html. 3. Gottlieb. 4. Sweet, David G., and Gary B. Nash. Struggle and Survival in Colonial America. 1st ed. Berkeley (Calif.): University of California Press,��1981. 5. Camilla Townsend, Pocahontas and the Powhatan Dilemma, 1st ed., paperback. (New York: Hill and Wang, 2005). p. 224 6. “Two Tragical Events.” William and Mary Quarterly 9, no. 4 (April 1901): 204–214. 7. Trial of Gabriel. Testimony in the Trial of Gabriel, October 6, 1800, Governor’s Office, Letters Received, James Monroe, Record Group 3, Library of Virginia. 1-4. General Court. 6 Oct. 1800. Encyclopedia of Virginia. Virginia Foundation for the Humanities, 12 July 2012. Web. 9 May 2017. 8. Schapiro, Jeff. “Kaine issues pardon in slave revolt.” Richmond Times-Dispatch, August 31, 2007. Accessed May 9, 2017. http://www.richmond.com/news/article_5b76c106-ea47-5727-ab57-18cc7ce7ac2…. 9. Knight, Franklin W. “The Haitian Revolution.” The American Historical Review 105, no. 1 (February 2000): 103. doi:10.2307/2652438; Egerton, Douglas R. Gabriel’s Rebellion: the Virginia Slave Conspiracies of 1800 and 1802. 1st ed. London: The University of North Carolina Press, 1993. 10. Egerton, Douglas R. “Gabriel’s Conspiracy and the Election of 1800.” The Journal of Southern History 56, no. 2 (1990): 191-214. doi:10.2307/2210231. 11. Egerton, Douglas R. Gabriel’s Rebellion: the Virginia Slave Conspiracies of 1800 and 1802. 12. Egerton, Douglas R. “Gabriel’s Conspiracy and the Election of 1800.”; Genovese, Eugene D. From Rebellion to Revolution: Afro-American Slave Revolts in the Making of the Modern World. 3rd ed. Baton Rouge, LA: Louisiana State University Press, 2006. http://j.mp/2rFgzag

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