#Sample Prepartion

[elegancels]

Understanding the Basics, A Comprehensive Guide to High- and Low-Pressure Chromatography

Chromatography is a logical fashion that's used to separate, identify, and quantify the factors of an admixture. The admixture is dissolved in a detergent and also fitted onto the column.

For More Information Visit Our Blog : - https://elegancelsseo.blogspot.com/2023/09/understanding-basics-comprehensive.html

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Nucleic Acid Sample Preparation Market Emerging Economies Expected to Influence Growth until (2023-2033)

In the intricate tapestry of life, nucleic acids—DNA and RNA—serve as the fundamental building blocks of genetic information. Nucleic acid sample preparation, therefore, forms the crucial initial step in a myriad of scientific endeavors, from unraveling the mysteries of the genome to diagnosing genetic diseases.

The global nucleic acid sample preparation market is projected to reach $5,615.9 million by 2033 from $2,922.8 million in 2023, growing at a CAGR of 6.75% during the forecast period 2023-2033.

Market Overview:

Nucleic acid sample preparation involves a series of steps aimed at extracting, isolating, and purifying DNA or RNA molecules from various biological sources such as cells, tissues, blood, or environmental samples. This process lays the foundation for downstream applications including sequencing, PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction), cloning, and gene expression analysis. 

Mainly includes various kits, reagents, instruments, and consumables used in laboratories around the world. With applications spanning genomics, diagnostics, drug discovery, and beyond, the market for nucleic acid sample preparation is both diverse and dynamic.

Grab a look at the free sample page for more understanding click here !

DNA/RNA sample preparation market 

The DNA/RNA sample preparation market has witnessed robust growth, fueled by the increasing demand for personalized medicine, advancements in molecular diagnostics, and the rising prevalence of infectious diseases and genetic disorders.

DNA/RNA sample preparation is utilized across various applications, including research, clinical diagnostics, forensics, and agriculture

Key drivers of market growth include the growing focus on precision medicine, increasing investments in genomics research, rising awareness about genetic diseases, and technological innovations enhancing sample preparation workflows.

The DNA/RNA sample preparation market continues to evolve rapidly, driven by technological advancements, expanding applications, and increasing demand for genetic analysis across various sectors. As the market progresses, addressing challenges related to cost, automation, and standardization will be essential for sustained growth.

Key Market Players 

 Agilent Technologies, Inc.

 Autogen, Inc.

 Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc.

Roche AG

Merck KGaA

and many others  

The Nucleic Acid Sample Preparation market has made an impact in the following ways:

Emergence of Advanced Stabilization Products: The rapid growth of genomic research has resulted in an increasing need for the storage of biologic samples, including DNA and RNA. Stabilization products enable researchers to transport and store biological samples for long periods with complete and rapid sample recovery at affordable costs. These products are used to retain biological materials at room temperature without degradation.

Regulated vs. Multimodal Analysis: In order to cross-examine biological samples for changes in DNA and RNA efficiently, there have been considerable advances in NGS chemistries, platforms, and bioinformatics pipelines. Currently, the regulated approach requires the use of two separate workflows for library preparation from separate DNA and RNA isolates.

Visit our vertical page click here !

Kits Segment to Continue Dominating the Nucleic Acid Sample Preparation Consumables Market by Type Based on consumables market by type, the nucleic acid sample preparation market has been led by Kits, which held a 87.65% share in 2022.

Nucleic Acid Sample Preparation Market Segmentation:

Segmentation 1: by Product

Segmentation 2: Consumables Market by Type

Segmentation 3: Kits by Type

DNA/RNA Sample Isolation/Extraction/Purification Segment to Continue Dominating the Nucleic Acid Sample Preparation Consumables Market Kits by Type

Based on nucleic acid sample preparation consumables market Kits by Type, the nucleic acid sample preparation market has been led by DNA/RNA Sample Isolation/Extraction/Purification, which held an 83.93% share in 2022.

Segmentation 4: Consumables Market by Analyte

Segmentation 5: by Technology

Silica-Based Segment to Continue Dominating the Nucleic Acid Sample Preparation Consumable Market (by Consumable-Based Technology)

Based on consumable-based technology, the nucleic acid sample preparation consumable market has been led by silica-based technology, which held a 48.58% share in 2022.

Segmentation 6: by Application

Segmentation 7: by End User

Segmentation 8: by Region

China dominated the Asia-Pacific nucleic acid sample preparation market in 2022. China has maintained itself as an attractive market for life sciences solution providers capable of tapping the strong demand for nucleic acid extraction products. 

Recent Developments in the Nucleic Acid Sample Preparation Market

Qiagen N.V. introduced two groundbreaking additions to its sample technologies portfolio, i.e., the TissueLyser III that facilitates high-throughput disruption of diverse biological samples and the RNeasy PowerMax Soil Pro Kit that isolates high-purity RNA from challenging soil samples using advanced Inhibitor Removal Technology. Qiagen announced the launch of the QIAseq Normalizer Kits that give researchers a fast, convenient, and cost-effective method to pool different DNA libraries for best-quality results from next-generation sequencing (NGS) runs.

PerkinElmer introduced the CHEF Magnetic Bead Cleanup System, providing automated nucleic acid purification through advanced magnetic bead technology. This novel system would help automate the nucleic acid purification process efficiently. PerkinElmer (Revvity, Inc.) rebranded its diagnostics and life sciences business as Revvity. This strategic move marked a new identity and focus for the company's ventures in these sectors.

Conclusion

In essence, nucleic acid sample preparation serves as the cornerstone of molecular biology and genetics research. By ensuring the integrity and purity of genetic material, scientists can unravel the complexities of the genome, diagnose genetic diseases, and unlock the secrets of life itself.

[rashmislearningplanet]

CLASS - 1 NSO | National Science Olympiad Exam | Solved Sample Paper Of 2020-2021 | SOF-NSO

CLASS – 1 NSO | National Science Olympiad Exam | Solved Sample Paper Of 2020-2021 | SOF-NSO

nso_Class 1 sample_paper 2020-2021Download

[kieranphelps-blog]

The Oracle Databases Cloud Service 1Z0-160 Certification Test

The Oracle Database Cloud Service 1Z0-160 Certification exam validates concepts and skills since the full Database product family and targets the Database Cloud Service (DBCS) only. It is especially created for On-Premise DBAs to include cloud expertise for their 1z0-160 certification titles, and then for operators designed to use DBCS to provision services. 1Z0-160 Exam Topics: Database Deployment Administration Performance and Scaling Creating Database Deployment Database Deployment Connectivity and Security 1Z0-160 Certification Exam Details: Exam Name: Oracle Database Cloud Service Exam Code: 1Z0-160 Exam Price: $245.00 More on exam pricing Format: Multiple-Choice Duration: Two hours Quantity of Questions: 70 Passing Score: 63% Validated Against: Exam has become validated against Oracle Database as being a Service Cloud v 12.1.0.3 1Z0-160 practice test: https://www.dbexam.com/1z0-160-oracle-database-cloud-service 1z0-160 sample questions: https://www.dbexam.com/sample-questions/oracle-1z0-160-certification-sample-questions-and-answers Associated Certification Paths Passing single certification exams is one requirement you might want to fulfill being certified. Each certification varies. If you select each associated certification path, you will see the whole set of requirements necessary to become certified inside a particular technology.

We propose: Taking related training courses to raise the chances of you passing your exam. Reviewing 1Z0-160 exam topics to aid focus your studying. Subscribing to the correct exam(s) and taking it to officially become certified. Have more Information about 1Z0-160 Exam: https://1z0-160-prepartion-guide.tumblr.com/ Oracle Database Cloud Service Operations Certified Associate Certification Overview Administrators study the key areas of functionality from the Oracle Database As being a Service (DBaaS) implementation: cooking techniques while they develop, deploy, administer, and tune DBaaS. Quality focuses on these tasks: Making a DBaaS instance (as opposed to a Database instance) Administering the Oracle Database Cloud Service instances Configuring Xserver and Xterminal connections; connect to a VM through SSH Configure SSH for Unix and Linux users Enable use of a port inside a Virtual Machine Backup (default, customized, on-demand) and Recovery Using Database Administrator tools such as DBCA, SQL Developer, Database Express and SQL*Plus Make use of the Oracle Cloud Database Monitor web application to evaluate and manage your Oracle Database. Plug/unplug, perform remote cloning, use RMAN and SQL*Loader emigrate data Secure your cloud database, secure your network access and applications, administer Oracle REST data services Within Half an hour of completing your Oracle 1Z0-160 Certification exam, you will receive an email from Oracle notifying you that your exam email address details are available in CertView. If you have previously authenticated your CertView account, simply login and judge the choice to “See My New Exam Result Now”. You will find authenticated your CertView account yet now, you will need to proceed together with your account authentication. Authentication requires an Oracle Single Sign On account and also the following information from a Pearson VUE profile: email and Oracle Testing ID. You will end up delivered to CertView to sign in if your account continues to be authenticated. Register for 1Z0-160 exam with Pearson VUE and spend on the exam while using voucher you get from Oracle University or with a bank card applied during 1Z0-160 exam registration. For more information about 1z0-160 study guide pdf explore this popular web page.

[frenchtweets02]

Tune into the French and enhance your listening!

Learn online tef Canada, Immigration Exam Prepartion Online, French Immigration Exam Preparation

The country globally popular for its variety of rich opportunities, Canada, became a bilingual country with French and English as its official language in 1969. Nearly 98% of the population speaks either of the two languages or both. 

When it comes to spoken French, the language plays a great role, not only in the academic curriculum but also in acquiring a good place in the society. Having known the language opens a big door of opportunities for the residents or for the new immigrants. 

Of course, a language as belle as French has its advantages but obtaining it can pose some challenges. To help overcome these challenges French tweets provides you with all the knowledge you will ever require in learning this tricky life skill. 

For our aspiring immigrants, in order to acquire the Permanent Residency of Canada, the candidate has to undergo specific exams which test the individual’s language proficiency, such as TEF Canada i.e Test d’evaluation de Français pour le Canada and TCF Canada, i.e Test de Connaissance du Français pour le Canada. TEF Canada and TCF Canada are French Exams consisting of 4 major categories. With minimum distinction between the two, TEF French Exam as well as the TFC French Exam are made up of 4 major categories. Amongst all, reading, writing, listening and speaking, for many, the one category that requires thorough polishing is the skill of listening. In the TEF French test, the listening category contains a total of 60 questions which are further sub-categorised into 4 sections of its own. These sections can further be broken down as-

Section A asks the testee to match the voice with the text;

Section B consists of a short message to decipher; 

Section C comprises listening of a long message to decipher and 

Section D uses phonetics to test the proficiency skill of the individual. 

The person undertaking the test has to do so within a duration of 40 minutes. Each question has 6 points and out of a total of 360 points, a score of 249-279 plus is marked for qualification of level 7. In layman terms, in order to reach level 7, the examinee has to get at least 41-47 questions right.  

As we all know, with a test comes its stress, especially when the test is in a different language than one's own, it further poses a greater challenge, listening can become quite difficult under such intense circumstances. But no need to worry, with our guidance you can encounter this stress and perform extremely well no matter the underlying conditions, after all as they say: “Don't stress. Do your best. Forget the rest.”

Professionals here, at French Tweets, are equipped with techniques that can help their students improve with thorough practice of not only reading, writing and speaking but also very importantly, listening. Having impeccable first hand knowledge about such tests themselves, they are able to train and bring out the best in their students. For instance, section D from the exam mentioned above, TEF Canada, tends to pose difficulty for many as the language is perceived foreign by the testee which makes it harder to detect the tones and phonetics. 

However, with the right assistance and guidance provided using the interactive material at French Tweets, anyone can polish their listening skills evidently well even if the language seems foreign. Providing fresh material for practice such as various TEF and TCF sample papers as well as conducting mock tests along with interactive coaching sessions helps the aspirants gain confidence in the language over time and attempt the test with utmost belief that they will indeed secure wonderful scores. So take a step closer in upgrading your French listening skills by becoming a part of French Tweets. 

[itexamdumps]

AZ-101 Dumps PDF – Best Source For Exam Preparation

It is not a difficult step anymore to find out a suitable study guide for the preparation of your IT exam because Microsoft AZ-101 dumps material has explored the difficult aspects of field for everyone. This guidebook has been designed by highly qualified experts who are constantly looking for further possible improvements to help out IT candidates of Microsoft AZ-101 with the help of Microsoft AZ-101 Dumps. Now it is very easy to download an authentic and reliable study material from Realexamdumps.com at very reasonable price. Once you peruse this concise description of all syllabus concepts then there remain no doubts or confusions. Best endeavor has been made to infuse a deep understanding of the discipline with accurate explanation of exam topics. Microsoft AZ-101 dumps material has many distinctive qualities that suggest downloading this guide for utmost learning in the shortest frame of time.

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There is no match for Microsoft AZ-101 Dumps, every concept necessary to produce unique result has been presented in this stuff with details. Though conveying information in details, very brief description is given for every exam topic. You will not find such authentic guide anywhere in so reasonable price. It is guaranteed that you will pass your exam by the very first attempt.

Short Time Prepartion

You can easily ace your IT certification by preparing from short questions and answers given in this study stuff. It provides very exact and precise explanation of the field. No aspect of the domain remains hidden after getting prepared from Microsoft AZ-101 exam material. All the information is to the point and relevant so ever question can be expertly answered after reading it.

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When you download demo version then you are not charged and you can use it without any conditions as well. These sample questions are true reflection of the real exam dumps. It is highly recommended to download this free of charge demo version. You don’t need to pay for something before you don’t know about.

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It is only through practice that you learn to perform according to the required standard. If you have practiced well then you can bring the most possible grades in your final exam. Online practice test will help retrieve all the information learnt from Microsoft AZ-101 dumps. You can get rid of all the mistakes through repeating your knowledge.

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[dorcasrempel]

Interns at the forefront of new technology

MIT Materials Research Laboratory (MRL) interns covered a wide gamut of challenges this summer, working with materials as soft as silk to as hard as iron and at temperatures from as low as that of liquid helium (-452.47 degrees Fahrenheit) to as high as that of melted copper (1,984 F). 

Summer Scholars and other interns participated on the MIT campus through the MRL’s Materials Research Science and Engineering Center, with support from the National Science Foundation, the AIM Photonics Academy, the MRL Collegium, and the Guided Academic Industry Network (GAIN) program. 

Mid-infrared detectors

Simon Egner, from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, made samples of lead tin telluride to detect mid-infrared light at wavelengths from 4 to 7 microns for integrated photonic applications. Egner measured several materials properties of the samples, including the concentration and mobility of electrons. “One thing we have come up with recently is adding lead oxide to try to decrease the amount of noise we get when sensing light with our detectors,” Egner says.

Lead tin telluride is an alloy of lead telluride and tin telluride, explains Peter Su, a materials science and engineering graduate student in the lab of MIT Materials Research Laboratory Principal Research Scientist Anuradha Agarwal. “If you have a lot of carriers already present in your material, you get a lot of extra noise, a lot of background signal, above which it’s really hard to detect the new carriers generated by the light striking your material,” Su says. “We’re trying to lower that noise level by lowering the carrier concentration and we’re trying to do that by adding lead oxide to that alloy.”

Thin films for photonics

Summer Scholar Alvin Chang, from Oregon State University, created chalcogenide thin films with non-linear properties for photonics applications. He worked with postdoc Samuel Serna in the lab of associate professor of materials science and engineering Juejun Hu. Chang varied the thickness of two different compositions, one of germanium, antimony and sulfur (GSS) and the other of germanium, antimony, and selenium (GSSE), creating a gradient, or ratio, between the two across the length of the film.

“The GSS and GSSE both have different advantages and disadvantages,” Chang explains. “We’re hoping that by merging the two together in a film we can sort of optimize both their advantages and disadvantages so that they would be complementary with each other.”

These materials, known as chalcogenide glasses, can be used for infrared sensing and imaging. Anyone interested in learning more about Chang’s work can watch this video.

Nanocomposite assembly

Both Roxbury Community College chemistry and biotechnology Professor Kimberly Stieglitz and Roxbury Community College student Credoritch Joseph worked in the lab of assistant professor in materials science and engineering Robert J. Macfarlane. The Macfarlane Lab grafts DNA to nanoparticles, which enable precise control over self-assembly of molecular structures. The lab is also creating a new class of chemical building blocks that it alls Nanocomposite Tectons, or NCTs, which present new opportunities for self-assembly of composite materials.

Joseph learned the multi-step process of creating self-assembled DNA-nanoparticle aggregates, and used the ones he preparted to study the stability of the aggregates when exposed to different chemicals. Stieglitz created NCTs consisting of clusters of gold nanoparticles with attached polymers and examined their melting behavior in polymer solutions. “They’re actually nanoparticles that are linked together through hydrogen bonding networks,” Stieglitz explains.

Strengthening aerospace composites

Abigail Nason, from the University of Florida, studied the potential benefits of incorporating carbon nanotubes into carbon fiber reinforced plastic [CFRP] via a process termed “nanostitching” in the lab of Brian L. Wardle, professor of aeronautics and astronautics.

Bundles of carbon microfibers, which are known as tows, are used to make sheets of aerospace-grade carbon fiber reinforced plastic. Working with graduate student Reed Kopp, Nason took 3-D scans of composite laminate samples to reveal their structure. Areas between sheets of the laminate are called the interlaminar region. Traditional composites have no reinforcement in this interlaminar region, and carbon nanotubes provide nano-scale fiber reinforcement in the nano-stitch version.

Kopp notes that despite the high level of resolution required to elucidate an intricate architecture of micro-scale features, the 3-D scans can’t distinguish the carbon nanotubes from the epoxy resin because they have similar density and elemental composition. “Since they absorb X-rays similarly, we can’t actually detect X-ray interaction differences that would indicate the locations of reinforcing carbon nanotube forests, but we can visualize how they affect the shape of the interlaminar region, such as how they may push fibers apart and change the shape of inherent resin-rich regions caused during carbon fiber reinforced plastic layer manufacturing.”

Nason adds: “It’s really interesting to see that there isn’t a lot of information out there about how composites fail and why they fail the way they do. But it’s really cool and interesting to be at the forefront of seeing this new technology and being able to look so closely at the composite layers and quantifying critical micro-scale material features that influence failure.” 

Synthesizing electronic materials

Summer Scholar Michael Molinski, from the University of Rhode Island, and Roxbury Community College student Bruce Quinn worked in the lab of assistant professor of materials science and engineering Rafael Jaramillo. Working with graduate students Stephen Filippone and Kevin Ye, both Molinski and Quinn made solid materials, producing powders of compounds such as barium zirconium sulfide, which are desireable for their optical and electrical properties. 

The process involves mixing together the chemical ingredients to produce the powders in a quartz tupe in the absense of air and sealing it. The first GAIN program participant, Quinn hot pressed the powders into pellets. Molinski also grew crystals, and both examined their powders with X-ray diffraction.

Developing multiple sclerosis models

Summer Scholar Fernando Nieves Muñoz, from the University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez, worked in the lab of Krystyn Van Vliet, the Michael (1949) and Sonja Koerner Professor of Materials Science and Engineering, to develop mechanical models of multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions. Nieves Muñoz worked closely with research scientist Anna Jagielska and chemical engineering graduate student Daniela Espinosa-Hoyos.

“We are trying to find a way to stimulate repair of myelin in MS patients so that neurological function can be restored. To better understand how remyelination works, we are developing polymer-based materials to engineer models of MS lesions that mimic mechanical stiffness of real lesions in the brain,” Jagielska explains. 

Nieves Muñoz used stereolithography 3-D printing to create cross-linked polymers with varying degrees of mechanical stiffness and conducted atomic force microscopy studies to determine the stiffness of his samples. “Our long-term goal is to use these models of lesions and brain tissue to develop drugs that can stimulate myelin repair,” Nieves Muñoz says. “As a mechanical engineering major, it has been exciting to work and learn from people with diverse backgrounds.”

Other MIT Materials Research Laboratory interns tackled projects including superconducting thin films, quantum dots for solar, spinning particles with magnetism, carbon-activated silk fibers, water-based iron flow batteries, and polymer-based neuro fibers. 

A version of this post, including additional MRL summer intern success stories, originally appeared on the Materials Research Laboratory website.

Interns at the forefront of new technology syndicated from https://osmowaterfilters.blogspot.com/

[cancersfakianakis1]

Ameliorative Potential of Prepartal Trace Mineral and Vitamin Supplementation on Parturition-Induced Redox Balance and Myeloperoxidase Activity of Periparturient Sahiwal Cows

Abstract

Twelve apparently healthy multiparous parturient Sahiwal cows were allocated into two groups having six cows in each one. Six cows were supplemented with antioxidant mixture (mixture containing Cu, Mn, Cr, Zn, and vitamins A and D3) daily from 21 days before parturition till the day relative to calving. Whereas, remaining non-supplemented six cows were kept as the control group. Blood samples were obtained five times: at enrolment (21 days pre-partum), and again at days 0, +7, +14, and +21 relative to calving. In the non-supplemented control group, serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was significantly lower at days 0, +7, and +14 as compared to their own day −21 values. Likewise, significantly lower myeloperoxidase (MPO) activities were also exhibited by these cows at days 0 and +7. Conversely, serum malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyl (PC) levels were significantly higher in these cows at days 0, +7, +14, and +21. However, significant alterations in TAC content among the studied sampling days were not recorded in antioxidants supplemented group. Moreover, TAC content and MPO activities of supplemented group were significantly higher at days 0, +7, and +14 when compared with that of the non-supplemented control group. However, MDA and PC contents of supplemented group were significantly lower at days 0, +7, +14, and +21 as compared to that of the non-supplemented control group. In conclusion, periparturient Sahiwal cows experience substantial oxidative and immunological dents which can be potentially ameliorated by prepartal trace mineral and vitamin supplementation.

http://ift.tt/2ob5aOo

[elegancels]

Sample Prepartion

Elegance Life Sciences Pvt Ltd is a leading pharmaceutical company dedicated to delivering innovative healthcare solutions.

Please Visit Our Website : - http://www.elegancels.com/

Address - G-66, 4th Floor, Sector 63, Noida-201301

Phone - 1800 890 5238

Email - sales@elegancels.com

[dorcasrempel]

Interns at the forefront of new technology

MIT Materials Research Laboratory (MRL) interns covered a wide gamut of challenges this summer, working with materials as soft as silk to as hard as iron and at temperatures from as low as that of liquid helium (-452.47 degrees Fahrenheit) to as high as that of melted copper (1,984 F). 

Summer Scholars and other interns participated on the MIT campus through the MRL’s Materials Research Science and Engineering Center, with support from the National Science Foundation, the AIM Photonics Academy, the MRL Collegium, and the Guided Academic Industry Network (GAIN) program. 

Mid-infrared detectors

Simon Egner, from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, made samples of lead tin telluride to detect mid-infrared light at wavelengths from 4 to 7 microns for integrated photonic applications. Egner measured several materials properties of the samples, including the concentration and mobility of electrons. “One thing we have come up with recently is adding lead oxide to try to decrease the amount of noise we get when sensing light with our detectors,” Egner says.

Lead tin telluride is an alloy of lead telluride and tin telluride, explains Peter Su, a materials science and engineering graduate student in the lab of MIT Materials Research Laboratory Principal Research Scientist Anuradha Agarwal. “If you have a lot of carriers already present in your material, you get a lot of extra noise, a lot of background signal, above which it’s really hard to detect the new carriers generated by the light striking your material,” Su says. “We’re trying to lower that noise level by lowering the carrier concentration and we’re trying to do that by adding lead oxide to that alloy.”

Thin films for photonics

Summer Scholar Alvin Chang, from Oregon State University, created chalcogenide thin films with non-linear properties for photonics applications. He worked with postdoc Samuel Serna in the lab of associate professor of materials science and engineering Juejun Hu. Chang varied the thickness of two different compositions, one of germanium, antimony and sulfur (GSS) and the other of germanium, antimony, and selenium (GSSE), creating a gradient, or ratio, between the two across the length of the film.

“The GSS and GSSE both have different advantages and disadvantages,” Chang explains. “We’re hoping that by merging the two together in a film we can sort of optimize both their advantages and disadvantages so that they would be complementary with each other.”

These materials, known as chalcogenide glasses, can be used for infrared sensing and imaging. Anyone interested in learning more about Chang’s work can watch this video.

Nanocomposite assembly

Both Roxbury Community College chemistry and biotechnology Professor Kimberly Stieglitz and Roxbury Community College student Credoritch Joseph worked in the lab of assistant professor in materials science and engineering Robert J. Macfarlane. The Macfarlane Lab grafts DNA to nanoparticles, which enable precise control over self-assembly of molecular structures. The lab is also creating a new class of chemical building blocks that it alls Nanocomposite Tectons, or NCTs, which present new opportunities for self-assembly of composite materials.

Joseph learned the multi-step process of creating self-assembled DNA-nanoparticle aggregates, and used the ones he preparted to study the stability of the aggregates when exposed to different chemicals. Stieglitz created NCTs consisting of clusters of gold nanoparticles with attached polymers and examined their melting behavior in polymer solutions. “They’re actually nanoparticles that are linked together through hydrogen bonding networks,” Stieglitz explains.

Strengthening aerospace composites

Abigail Nason, from the University of Florida, studied the potential benefits of incorporating carbon nanotubes into carbon fiber reinforced plastic [CFRP] via a process termed “nanostitching” in the lab of Brian L. Wardle, professor of aeronautics and astronautics.

Bundles of carbon microfibers, which are known as tows, are used to make sheets of aerospace-grade carbon fiber reinforced plastic. Working with graduate student Reed Kopp, Nason took 3-D scans of composite laminate samples to reveal their structure. Areas between sheets of the laminate are called the interlaminar region. Traditional composites have no reinforcement in this interlaminar region, and carbon nanotubes provide nano-scale fiber reinforcement in the nano-stitch version.

Kopp notes that despite the high level of resolution required to elucidate an intricate architecture of micro-scale features, the 3-D scans can’t distinguish the carbon nanotubes from the epoxy resin because they have similar density and elemental composition. “Since they absorb X-rays similarly, we can’t actually detect X-ray interaction differences that would indicate the locations of reinforcing carbon nanotube forests, but we can visualize how they affect the shape of the interlaminar region, such as how they may push fibers apart and change the shape of inherent resin-rich regions caused during carbon fiber reinforced plastic layer manufacturing.”

Nason adds: “It’s really interesting to see that there isn’t a lot of information out there about how composites fail and why they fail the way they do. But it’s really cool and interesting to be at the forefront of seeing this new technology and being able to look so closely at the composite layers and quantifying critical micro-scale material features that influence failure.” 

Synthesizing electronic materials

Summer Scholar Michael Molinski, from the University of Rhode Island, and Roxbury Community College student Bruce Quinn worked in the lab of assistant professor of materials science and engineering Rafael Jaramillo. Working with graduate students Stephen Filippone and Kevin Ye, both Molinski and Quinn made solid materials, producing powders of compounds such as barium zirconium sulfide, which are desireable for their optical and electrical properties. 

The process involves mixing together the chemical ingredients to produce the powders in a quartz tupe in the absense of air and sealing it. The first GAIN program participant, Quinn hot pressed the powders into pellets. Molinski also grew crystals, and both examined their powders with X-ray diffraction.

Developing multiple sclerosis models

Summer Scholar Fernando Nieves Muñoz, from the University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez, worked in the lab of Krystyn Van Vliet, the Michael (1949) and Sonja Koerner Professor of Materials Science and Engineering, to develop mechanical models of multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions. Nieves Muñoz worked closely with research scientist Anna Jagielska and chemical engineering graduate student Daniela Espinosa-Hoyos.

“We are trying to find a way to stimulate repair of myelin in MS patients so that neurological function can be restored. To better understand how remyelination works, we are developing polymer-based materials to engineer models of MS lesions that mimic mechanical stiffness of real lesions in the brain,” Jagielska explains. 

Nieves Muñoz used stereolithography 3-D printing to create cross-linked polymers with varying degrees of mechanical stiffness and conducted atomic force microscopy studies to determine the stiffness of his samples. “Our long-term goal is to use these models of lesions and brain tissue to develop drugs that can stimulate myelin repair,” Nieves Muñoz says. “As a mechanical engineering major, it has been exciting to work and learn from people with diverse backgrounds.”

Other MIT Materials Research Laboratory interns tackled projects including superconducting thin films, quantum dots for solar, spinning particles with magnetism, carbon-activated silk fibers, water-based iron flow batteries, and polymer-based neuro fibers. 

A version of this post, including additional MRL summer intern success stories, originally appeared on the Materials Research Laboratory website.

Interns at the forefront of new technology syndicated from https://osmowaterfilters.blogspot.com/

[dorcasrempel]

Interns at the forefront of new technology

MIT Materials Research Laboratory (MRL) interns covered a wide gamut of challenges this summer, working with materials as soft as silk to as hard as iron and at temperatures from as low as that of liquid helium (-452.47 degrees Fahrenheit) to as high as that of melted copper (1,984 F). 

Summer Scholars and other interns participated on the MIT campus through the MRL’s Materials Research Science and Engineering Center, with support from the National Science Foundation, the AIM Photonics Academy, the MRL Collegium, and the Guided Academic Industry Network (GAIN) program. 

Mid-infrared detectors

Simon Egner, from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, made samples of lead tin telluride to detect mid-infrared light at wavelengths from 4 to 7 microns for integrated photonic applications. Egner measured several materials properties of the samples, including the concentration and mobility of electrons. “One thing we have come up with recently is adding lead oxide to try to decrease the amount of noise we get when sensing light with our detectors,” Egner says.

Lead tin telluride is an alloy of lead telluride and tin telluride, explains Peter Su, a materials science and engineering graduate student in the lab of MIT Materials Research Laboratory Principal Research Scientist Anuradha Agarwal. “If you have a lot of carriers already present in your material, you get a lot of extra noise, a lot of background signal, above which it’s really hard to detect the new carriers generated by the light striking your material,” Su says. “We’re trying to lower that noise level by lowering the carrier concentration and we’re trying to do that by adding lead oxide to that alloy.”

Thin films for photonics

Summer Scholar Alvin Chang, from Oregon State University, created chalcogenide thin films with non-linear properties for photonics applications. He worked with postdoc Samuel Serna in the lab of associate professor of materials science and engineering Juejun Hu. Chang varied the thickness of two different compositions, one of germanium, antimony and sulfur (GSS) and the other of germanium, antimony, and selenium (GSSE), creating a gradient, or ratio, between the two across the length of the film.

“The GSS and GSSE both have different advantages and disadvantages,” Chang explains. “We’re hoping that by merging the two together in a film we can sort of optimize both their advantages and disadvantages so that they would be complementary with each other.”

These materials, known as chalcogenide glasses, can be used for infrared sensing and imaging. Anyone interested in learning more about Chang’s work can watch this video.

Nanocomposite assembly

Both Roxbury Community College chemistry and biotechnology Professor Kimberly Stieglitz and Roxbury Community College student Credoritch Joseph worked in the lab of assistant professor in materials science and engineering Robert J. Macfarlane. The Macfarlane Lab grafts DNA to nanoparticles, which enable precise control over self-assembly of molecular structures. The lab is also creating a new class of chemical building blocks that it alls Nanocomposite Tectons, or NCTs, which present new opportunities for self-assembly of composite materials.

Joseph learned the multi-step process of creating self-assembled DNA-nanoparticle aggregates, and used the ones he preparted to study the stability of the aggregates when exposed to different chemicals. Stieglitz created NCTs consisting of clusters of gold nanoparticles with attached polymers and examined their melting behavior in polymer solutions. “They’re actually nanoparticles that are linked together through hydrogen bonding networks,” Stieglitz explains.

Strengthening aerospace composites

Abigail Nason, from the University of Florida, studied the potential benefits of incorporating carbon nanotubes into carbon fiber reinforced plastic [CFRP] via a process termed “nanostitching” in the lab of Brian L. Wardle, professor of aeronautics and astronautics.

Bundles of carbon microfibers, which are known as tows, are used to make sheets of aerospace-grade carbon fiber reinforced plastic. Working with graduate student Reed Kopp, Nason took 3-D scans of composite laminate samples to reveal their structure. Areas between sheets of the laminate are called the interlaminar region. Traditional composites have no reinforcement in this interlaminar region, and carbon nanotubes provide nano-scale fiber reinforcement in the nano-stitch version.

Kopp notes that despite the high level of resolution required to elucidate an intricate architecture of micro-scale features, the 3-D scans can’t distinguish the carbon nanotubes from the epoxy resin because they have similar density and elemental composition. “Since they absorb X-rays similarly, we can’t actually detect X-ray interaction differences that would indicate the locations of reinforcing carbon nanotube forests, but we can visualize how they affect the shape of the interlaminar region, such as how they may push fibers apart and change the shape of inherent resin-rich regions caused during carbon fiber reinforced plastic layer manufacturing.”

Nason adds: “It’s really interesting to see that there isn’t a lot of information out there about how composites fail and why they fail the way they do. But it’s really cool and interesting to be at the forefront of seeing this new technology and being able to look so closely at the composite layers and quantifying critical micro-scale material features that influence failure.” 

Synthesizing electronic materials

Summer Scholar Michael Molinski, from the University of Rhode Island, and Roxbury Community College student Bruce Quinn worked in the lab of assistant professor of materials science and engineering Rafael Jaramillo. Working with graduate students Stephen Filippone and Kevin Ye, both Molinski and Quinn made solid materials, producing powders of compounds such as barium zirconium sulfide, which are desireable for their optical and electrical properties. 

The process involves mixing together the chemical ingredients to produce the powders in a quartz tupe in the absense of air and sealing it. The first GAIN program participant, Quinn hot pressed the powders into pellets. Molinski also grew crystals, and both examined their powders with X-ray diffraction.

Developing multiple sclerosis models

Summer Scholar Fernando Nieves Muñoz, from the University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez, worked in the lab of Krystyn Van Vliet, the Michael (1949) and Sonja Koerner Professor of Materials Science and Engineering, to develop mechanical models of multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions. Nieves Muñoz worked closely with research scientist Anna Jagielska and chemical engineering graduate student Daniela Espinosa-Hoyos.

“We are trying to find a way to stimulate repair of myelin in MS patients so that neurological function can be restored. To better understand how remyelination works, we are developing polymer-based materials to engineer models of MS lesions that mimic mechanical stiffness of real lesions in the brain,” Jagielska explains. 

Nieves Muñoz used stereolithography 3-D printing to create cross-linked polymers with varying degrees of mechanical stiffness and conducted atomic force microscopy studies to determine the stiffness of his samples. “Our long-term goal is to use these models of lesions and brain tissue to develop drugs that can stimulate myelin repair,” Nieves Muñoz says. “As a mechanical engineering major, it has been exciting to work and learn from people with diverse backgrounds.”

Other MIT Materials Research Laboratory interns tackled projects including superconducting thin films, quantum dots for solar, spinning particles with magnetism, carbon-activated silk fibers, water-based iron flow batteries, and polymer-based neuro fibers. 

A version of this post, including additional MRL summer intern success stories, originally appeared on the Materials Research Laboratory website.

Interns at the forefront of new technology syndicated from https://osmowaterfilters.blogspot.com/