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headspace-hotel · 6 months ago

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I hate a lot of trends in climate-change-aware nature writing, but this is one I particularly detest: works insisting that we live in a "post-natural" world.

The lostness, bewilderment, aching, and searching in this piece is understood by the author to be an all-consuming and universal dysphoria, when it is actually a highly specific predicament that the author put himself into: He tried to understand the universe exclusively through the point of view of white people.

I mean that Purdy takes the colonizer point of view without realizing that it is a colonizer point of view. He thinks the colonizer point of view is a universal document of the authentic, naive encounter of "humanity" with "nature," instead of burning wreckage left over from the apocalyptic destruction of a rainbow of ideas and cultures.

It feels weird to be talking about this as a white person, but it shouldn't, any more than it should feel weird to say (as a white person) that aliens didn't build the pyramids.

Very little of what he's writing about would exist or make sense without European colonization of the world. Purdy constantly says "we" and "our" in reference to things that are very restricted to a particular cultural point of view, as if totally oblivious to the idea that other cultures and other perspectives even exist. When he searches for historical references to chart "human" relationship with nature, history goes like this: Pre-Christian religion in the British Isles->British monarchy-> George Washington-> Industrial Revolution->Thoreau.

He manages to repeatedly stumble over giant hunks of colonialism embedded in every concept he's thinking about, like boulders obstructing a pathway, and pretends so hard that they don't exist that his points are janky and meandering. For example, his discussion of Helen Macdonald's book H for Hawk, touching upon human identification with the landscape and with non-human "nature," blunders into this:

Those who love (certain parts of) nature are often making a point of preferring it to (certain kinds of) human beings. The problem is not only literary. Macdonald describes an encounter with a retired couple who join her in admiring a valley full of deer, then remark how good it is to see “a real bit of Old England still left, despite all these immigrants coming in.” She does not reply, but is miserable afterward. The meaning of landscapes is always someone’s meaning in particular. Confronted with all of this, Macdonald tries to shake off the complicities of her own identification with the terrain: “I wish that we would not fight for landscapes that remind us of who we think we are. I wish we would fight, instead, for landscapes buzzing and glowing with life in all its variousness.” The alternative that Macdonald wishes for is, of course, not an escape from political-cultural projection onto landscape, but another approach to that same practice — really, the only one a 21st-century cosmopolitan is likely to feel comfortable embracing.

AND THEN HE JUST SEGUES INTO THE NEXT POINT LIKE NOTHING HAPPENED. Like don't worry about it :) We will simply project onto landscapes in a non-racist way :) because we aren't racist anymore in the 21st century :)

The next book he discusses is Landmarks by Robert MacFarlane, which is basically about how the vocabulary of landscape in English is sterilized and monoculturized, and contrasts that with Scots Gaelic. This is how Purdy explains the thesis of the book:

Our sense of what lies outside ourselves has been blunted by “capital, apathy, and urbanization” — enemies likely to draw a range of friends, from cultural Marxists to Little Englanders to those who would like to see a bit more effort, please. But behind this scholarly sketch, Macfarlane’s work is testament to a pretheoretical obsession with unfamiliar ways of encountering places. We disenchanted and distracted (post)moderns describe terrain, he complains, in terms of “large, generic units” such as “field,” “hill,” “valley,” and “wood." (...) Many people who have lived intimately with landscapes have had words for nuances of form, texture, and use. Macfarlane’s purpose in Landmarksis to gather these words as proof of how precisely it is possible to name a place, and so, perforce, to know it.

Why is Gaelic endangered? Because of an effort to extinguish its speakers' culture. This article I found on it talks about the history of the language's decline, and it's strikingly similar to what happened to indigenous people in the Americas and Australia, with children being put in schools where they were beaten with sticks for speaking their native language.

This whole essay is about Purdy's general disappointment with nature writing, his craving for an ineffable Something, some sort of magical, primitive identification with the natural world. In the very first paragraph he claims that the pictures of animals on nursery walls are "totemic" and quotes a guy saying that zoos are an "epitaph" to the relationship between people and animals. It's never very clear what he means, but he uses the term "animism" repeatedly, such as when he says this about MacFarlane's goal in writing Landmarks:

His quarry is an animistic sense that Barry Lopez once identified in “the moment when the thing — the hill, the tarn . . . ceases to be a thing, and becomes something that knows we are there."

Given that ambition, Landmarks, which Macfarlane calls a “counter-desecration phrasebook,” can be disappointingly thin as a lexicon. Too many of the terms are simply dialect or Gaelic for some generic form, such as “slope,” “hilltop,” “stream,” or “tuft of grass.” The effect is less pointing out how many things there are to see than cataloguing how many names there are for the same thing.

This is Purdy missing the point, perfectly crystallized as though frozen in amber. He is oblivious to the clear subtext of a language showing a culture's connection to its home, and of the violence against that culture. The Gaelic language doesn't make him feel primal and mystical the way he wants it to, therefore it doesn't mean anything to him. MacFarlane doesn't make him feel a magic animistic connection to nature, therefore his book must have failed at its task.

Who gives a shit? Gaelic isn't FOR you.

He discusses another book about a guy that hikes a bunch of Cherokee trails, but I don't know what to say about that one, observing it through the sludge of the reviewer's unwillingness to recognize that historical context exists. He summarizes his disappointment in a confusing way, using the Gaelic language as a symbol for an obscure and inaccessible place where the answer to your personal emotional cravings lives (???) Then he talks about a kind of epistemicide, or extinction of knowing, of nature, but again, totally oblivious to any relationship to colonization.

Every inhabited continent has been denuded of ecosystems and species. Most North American places have shed wolves, elk, moose, brown bears, panthers, bison, and a variety of fish and wild plants, which were all abundant four hundred years ago.

Wow, I wonder what happened four hundred years ago?

This writing acts like the dominant Eurocentric attitude towards the world is universal, but the author is haunted by this nameless specter of the possibility of a different way of thinking, which he treats as some kind of mystical, primordial state hidden in the past instead of just a different cultural perspective.

Not only does he not recognize that his own cultural perspective of Nature is dysfunctional and unsatisfying because it was created by exploitation and genocide of other cultures and their symbiotic relationships, he acts like other perspectives don't exist. Take his perspective on forests and the mycorrhizal network:

Wohlleben’s emphasis on interdependence and mutual aid is part of a recent tendency to recast nature in an egalitarian fashion — as cooperative, nonindividualist, and, often enough, hybrid and queer, in contrast to the oaks of generals and kings. Nature does answer faithfully to the imaginative imperatives and limitations of its observers, so it was inevitable that after centuries of viewing forests as kingdoms, then as factories (and, along the way, as cathedrals for Romantic sentiment), the 21st century would discover a networked information system under the leaves and humus, what Wohlleben calls, with an impressive lack of embarrassment, a “wood wide web.”

Listen, I don't think this is accurate to how Europeans thought of forests throughout time, let alone "humanity" in general. The emphasis of power and competition in ecosystems emerged after Darwin, in collusion with capitalism and "race science." Trees have been symbols of life, wisdom and selflessness, and regarded as sacred or even sentient, for centuries before that. But on top of that, this is just blatantly pretending that only white people's ideas count as ideas.

It's the same dreck as all the other "literary" writing about climate change: self-pityingly and unproductively mourning "Nature" and a fantasized "wild" state of the Earth, ignoring colonialism, treating human influence of any kind on other life forms as something that either destroys them or makes them soft and "tame."

I'm tired of reading nature writing from people that obviously do not go outside, or if they do, they do it in such a suffocatingly regimented, goal-oriented way that they can't just sit outside and relax.

Maybe I shouldn't be such a hater if I want to do nature writing. But my love of nature is WHY I am a hater.

#nature #ecosystem #climate change #the ways of the plants #goes under #doomerism

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taylorswiftstyle · 10 months ago

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Are you ready for it? A new Taylor Swift book inspired by her best outfits throughout the decades is headed for bookstores. The book titled Taylor Swift Style: Fashion Through the Eras doesn’t come out until Oct. 8, but the buzz around it has already landed the tome as a No. 1 bestseller on Amazon for fashion design.

Longtime fashion blogger Taylor Swift Style (known offline as Sarah Chapelle) wrote the book and has garnered 240,000 followers on Instagram, along with being credited in publications such as Billboard, People, Harper’s Bazaar and more for her research. You can expect more than 200 photos of some of the “Delicate” singer’s most iconic looks, as well as insight into the hidden meaning behind each outfit. It’s no secret that Swift loves a good Easter egg, and Chapelle looks to delve into the effortless fusion of fashion and music through every red carpet gown and streetwear style that’s spotlighted.

“Taylor Swift Style: Fashion Through the Eras is a natural extension of my blog and Instagram account that combines detailed identification reporting with analyzing the intention behind each look — definitively capturing her style evolution across almost two decades,” Chapelle tells Billboard.

Each first-edition comes with a rainbow spine that’s symbolic of each era, as well as gold foiled pages, which Chapelle hopes will help “people see this book as something truly special and worthy of being displayed.”

What also sets her book apart from any other Swift books goes beyond the research. Chapelle has been listening to Swift’s music since 2006 and even saw her open for Rascal Flatts and Brad Paisley. Using the built-up knowledge and love of the “August” singer, she hopes that the amount of care and thought she put in will come to all who pick up a copy.

“I’ve been documenting Taylor’s fashion since 2011, providing not only the exact pieces she’s wearing, but also providing my personal insight and context on her clothes as a communication tool,” she says. “All my most significant firsts as a young female were easier to navigate and process because they were mirrored and comforted by the soundtrack that she wrote. I hope what comes across in this book — and in everything I do — is the level of care, thought and deep-rooted feelings that are there. I’ve been inspired by Taylor’s emotional authenticity for over half my life, and I hope that’s captured in these pages.”

PRE-ORDER TAYLOR SWIFT STYLE: FASHION THROUGH THE ERAS

#tss news

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whencyclopedia · 4 months ago

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Cylinder Seal

Cylinder Seals were impression stamps used by the people of ancient Mesopotamia. Known as kishib in Sumerian and kunukku in Akkadian, the seals were used by everyone, from royals to slaves, as a means of authenticating identity in correspondence. In time, they came to be recognized as one's personal identification.

They originated in the Late Neolithic Period c. 7600-6000 BCE in the region known today as Syria (though, according to other claims, they originated later in Sumeria, modern Iraq) and were made from semiprecious stone (marble, obsidian, amethyst, lapis lazuli, to name only some) or metal (gold or silver). These seals were worn by their owners on strings of leather or other material around the neck or wrist or pinned to a garment.

The purpose of seals was to serve as a personal signature on a document or package to guarantee authenticity or legitimize a business deal; in the same way one signs a letter or form today or writes one's return address on an envelope or package to be mailed. The seal was rolled onto the moist clay of the document as an offical, binding, signature. Cylinder seals were also used in Egypt and developed completely independently in Mesoamerica as evidenced by archaeological finds of Olmec cylinder seals dating to c. 650 BCE. The Mesopotamian cylinder seal is the best known, however, and was the most widely used.

Cylinder Seals & Stamp Seals

Contemporaneous with cylinder seals were stamp seals which were smaller and less ornate in design. The typical cylinder seal was between 3-4 inches (7-10 cm) long while stamp seals were less than an inch (2 cm) in total and more closely resembled the later signet ring. It would make sense that the stamp seals preceded the cylinder seals as the former are more rudimentary but evidence suggests the seals were in use at the same time with one type favored more than the other in different regions. Scholar Clemens Reichel (whose essay is included in Englehardt's work, Agency in Ancient Writing) suggests the reason for this was simply a matter of necessity.

Those areas which favored the stamp seal (the regions of modern-day Syria and Turkey) had no need for the elaborate design imprint of the cylinder seal while the regions to the south, which had a more highly developed bureaucracy, required more detailed information in a seal.

The city of Uruk, for example, had a highly complex bureaucracy of different agencies which required detailed information on who was signing what document and, further, which office it originated from. The simpler and smaller stamp seals could not provide the space on which to carve such information while the longer cylinder seals fit the need perfectly.

The longer cylinder seals would have provided the name of the agency and name and title of the individual within that agency who was signing the document. In order to accurately represent and identify the owner of such a seal, a skilled artist was required who carved the story of the individual on the stone cylinder in exacting detail.

#History #235 #Akkadian #Bertman #WHE #[#]

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transfloridaresources · 7 months ago

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Today (05/06/24), 4:30pm, Orlando

[Photo ID: Pink to white gradient image with various logos and info boxes. Text reads: 'Save the date: May 6th 4:30pm. Press Conference. 5205 South Orange Avenue - Orlando, FL 32809. Not one step back! Identification for all! Not one step back. Every Floridian. Every Identity. Every ID.' Logos for Orlando for Gender Equality, Free Mom Hugs, Inc., Dream Defenders, Zebra Youth, Come Out with Pride Orlando, HRC Orlando / Central Florida, Spektrum Health, The Center Orlando, GLSEN Central Florida, HOPE CC. /End ID]

[Photo ID: White box with rainbow border. Text reads: 'Statement on DMV Policy Change. LGBTQ+ advocates from around the state organized and mobilized in great numbers this past legislative session. Through actions like protests, letter-writings, die-ins, and more, we defeated 21 out of 22 anti-LGBTQ+ bills attempting to move through the Florida legislature. One of these bills, HB 1639, sponsored by local representative Doug Bankson, was particularly egregious. It sought to redefine "sex" in a way that excludes transgender, non-binary, and intersex people, and to prohibit a person's state identification documents from reflecting their gender identity. As the bill was heading towards its downfall in the legislature, the Deputy Executive Director, Robert Kynoch, of the Florida Department of Highway Safety and Motor Vehicles (FLHSMV) released a memo to county tax collectors in late January rescinding previous department policy (IR08 - Gender Requirements), which allowed for Florida residents to change the gender marker on their ID to accurately reflect their gender identity. The memo wrongly excludes gender identity from "sex" in an effort to subvert the democratic process to redefine sex - and prohibit gender marker amendments - absent legislative authority. In a similar way, the legislature continued its attacks on the rights of immigrants and people experiencing homelessness in the form of HB 1451. This bill, which passed and was signed into law by DeSantis, restricts the acceptance of community IDs issued by community organizations to immigrants and individuals experiencing homelessness. Community IDs are essential for demonstrating that a person is a resident and member of a given community. It is already tremendously difficult for these groups to acquire valid identification, and this law imposes yet another barrier to identification.' /End ID]

[Photo ID: White box with rainbow border. Text reads: 'Statement on DMV Policy Change. Accurate identification is a human right; we must demand access to legal authenticity for all. Advocates for transgender individuals, immigrants, and people experiencing homelessness must stand together in the fight for equitable access to accurate identification. We demand that the FLHSMV restore their previous IR08-Gender Requirements policy to ensure that transgender people can obtain accurate IDs. Furthermore, we demand that legislatures take action to protect trans people's ability to obtain accurate identification as well as protect the acceptance of community IDs. Join us for a rally and press conference at SPEKTRUM Health (5205 South Orange Avenue) on May 6th at 4:30pm! WE CANNOT LET THEM TAKE US ONE STEP BACK! Signed, Orlando for Gender Equality, GLSEN Central Florida, HRC Orlando/Central Florida, SPEKTRUM Health, HOPE CC, PRISM, Zebra Youth, Youth Action Fund, Central Floridians for Social Equality, Justice Advocacy Network, Voices of Florida Fund/Women's Voices of Southwest Florida, UCF Students for a Democratic Society, Central Florida Queers for Palestine, LGBT+ Center Orlando, Inc., Come Out with Pride, Free Mom Hugs, Inc., Dream Defenders, Corey Hill, Vance Ahrens, candidate State Senate District 19, Amy Phillips, Beverly Washington, Orlando Drag Queen.' /End ID]

#florida #orlando #trans #transgender #protesting #dmv #driver's license #hb 1639 #hb 1451 #current events #press conference #described

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dailyunsolvedmysteries · 1 year ago

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The Man from a Different Universe

In the chronicles of unexplained mysteries, the story of the Taured Man stands out as a baffling and enigmatic tale that has puzzled minds for decades.

It all began in the mid-20th century when a well-dressed and confident Caucasian man arrived at Tokyo's Haneda Airport, eager to embark on his journey. However, it was at the airport's immigration desk that this ordinary-looking traveler would reveal an extraordinary claim that would forever shroud his identity in mystery. Upon being asked the routine question of his country of origin, the man, with unwavering conviction, declared that he hailed from a place called "Taured." To the bewilderment of the Japanese immigration authorities, there was no record of such a country. The traveler was asked to produce identification, and that's when the plot thickened. In his possession, the Taured Man held a plethora of official documents, each more puzzling than the last. A passport, driver's license, and a stack of business cards – all issued by the non-existent nation of Taured – were laid out before the astounded officials. The documents were meticulously crafted, bearing all the hallmarks of authenticity, complete with visas from multiple countries, hinting at a history of international travel. As if this weren't perplexing enough, there were other curious details that further fueled the mystery. The authorities, grappling with disbelief, questioned the man about his homeland. His unwavering response was that Taured had existed for a long time, situated in the border region between France and Spain. This contradiction, however, only deepened the enigma, as no such country appeared on any maps or records. It was as though the Taured Man was a visitor from an alternate dimension or an elaborate hoaxer.

The confusion escalated as the man was escorted to a hotel room, still under the vigilant gaze of Japanese immigration authorities. While they were determined to solve the riddle of his identity, they were left with more questions than answers. The next morning, an eerie and baffling development occurred – the Taured Man and all of his belongings, including the Taured documents, had vanished without a trace. There were no signs of forced entry or exit, leaving investigators and airport personnel dumbfounded. It was as if the enigmatic traveler had simply vanished into thin air.

#the man from taured #urban legends #unsolved mysteries #unsolved #weird #creepy

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techtow · 9 months ago

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Embracing Trans Rights: A Simple Guide to Understanding and Supporting Inclusivity

Introduction:

In recent years, conversations around trans rights have gained momentum, advocating for equal treatment and inclusivity for transgender individuals. Understanding and supporting trans rights is crucial for fostering a society that values diversity and respects the rights of all its members. In this article, we'll explore the basics of trans rights, why they matter, and how we can contribute to a more inclusive world.

Defining Trans Rights:

Trans rights refer to the fundamental human rights and freedoms that should be accorded to transgender individuals. These rights encompass various aspects of life, including legal recognition of gender identity, protection against discrimination, access to healthcare, and the right to live authentically without fear of prejudice.

Why Trans Rights Matter:

Transgender individuals, like everyone else, deserve to live their lives with dignity and respect. Trans rights are essential for creating an inclusive society where everyone has the opportunity to thrive and express their identity without facing discrimination. Advocating for trans rights is a step towards dismantling harmful stereotypes and fostering a more compassionate and understanding community.

Key Aspects of Trans Rights:

Legal Recognition: Transgender individuals should have the right to legal recognition of their gender identity. This includes the ability to change their gender marker on identification documents, ensuring that official records align with their affirmed gender.

Anti-Discrimination Protections: Trans people should be protected from discrimination in various aspects of life, including employment, education, healthcare, and public services. A society that values trans rights actively works to eliminate prejudice and bias.

Access to Healthcare: Quality healthcare should be accessible to everyone, including transgender individuals. This includes gender-affirming care, mental health support, and other healthcare services that cater to the unique needs of the transgender community.

Safe Public Spaces: Trans individuals deserve to feel safe in public spaces. Advocating for trans rights involves promoting policies and attitudes that ensure inclusive and safe environments for everyone, regardless of gender identity.

Supporting Trans Rights:

Supporting trans rights is a collective effort that begins with education and understanding. Here are a few simple ways to contribute:

Educate Yourself: Take the time to learn about transgender experiences, challenges, and the importance of trans rights. Understanding fosters empathy and helps dispel myths and misconceptions.

Be an Ally: Stand up against transphobia when you encounter it. Being an ally means supporting and advocating for the rights of transgender individuals, even if you are not personally affected.

Use Inclusive Language: Be mindful of the language you use and strive to be inclusive. Respecting people's chosen names and pronouns contributes to creating a more welcoming environment.

Support Inclusive Policies: Advocate for policies that protect trans rights in your community, workplace, and beyond. Support organizations working towards inclusivity and equality.

Conclusion:

In embracing trans rights, we contribute to building a world where everyone is valued, respected, and free to live authentically. By understanding the basics and actively supporting the rights of transgender individuals, we take a meaningful step towards creating a society that celebrates diversity and ensures equal rights for all.

#trans rights #transgender #transformers #transfem #transgirl #trans joy #transformation #spilled ink #dimension 20

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rabbiteclair · 11 months ago

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i gotta stress this guy's inability to understand the stuff he was working on was some real 'how dare you say we piss on the poor' level reading comprehension

reading another company's documentation, seeing "we will issue you a Client ID and a Client Secret for identification" in the first paragraph and nodding, content that he just has to pass those in and he's allowed to do whatever he wants, somehow missing that the next ten paragraphs are "and then you need to redirect users to us, identifying yourself with the Client ID and Client Secret, and we will ask the users whether they want to give you access to their data in our system. If they agree, we will call a webhook you provide, and with the access key that we pass to the webhook you can obtain a temporary auth token that allows you to access that single user's data, and..."

it's OAuth. it's literally OAuth. but somehow he read a straightforward description of one of the most commonly-used authentication protocols on the planet and went 'ah yes, we have a user name and password and those let us read anybody's data, I get it :)'. convincing him that this isn't what it said took over an hour. for the record he's been working on this for a week and I saw the documentation for the first time while we had this conversation

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anniekoh · 3 months ago

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Playing Indian

by Philip Deloria (new edition 2022)

This provocative book, reissued with a timely new preface, explores how white Americans have used their ideas about Native Americans to shape national identity in different eras—and how Indian people have reacted to these appropriations of their native dress, language, and ritual. At the Boston Tea Party, colonial rebels played Indian in order to claim an aboriginal American identity. In the nineteenth century, Indian fraternal orders allowed men to rethink the idea of revolution, consolidate national power, and write nationalist literary epics. By the twentieth century, playing Indian helped nervous city dwellers deal with modernist concerns about nature, authenticity, Cold War anxiety, and various forms of relativism. Philip J. Deloria points out, however, that throughout American history the creative uses of Indianness have been interwoven with conquest and dispossession. Indian play has thus been fraught with ambivalence—for white Americans who idealized and villainized the Indian, and for Indians who were both humiliated and empowered by these cultural exercises. Deloria suggests that imagining Indians has helped generations of white Americans define, mask, and evade paradoxes stemming from simultaneous construction and destruction of these native peoples. In the process, Americans have created powerful identities that have never been fully secure.

Becoming Indian: The Struggle over Cherokee Identity in the Twenty-first Century

by Circe Sturm (2011)

Sturm examines Cherokee identity politics and the phenomenon of racial shifters: people who have changed their racial self-identification from non-Indian to Indian on the US Census. Many racial shifters include people who have recently discovered their Native American ancestry. Others have family stories of an Indian great-great-grandmother or -grandfather they have not been able to document. Still others have long known they were of Native American descent, including their tribal affiliation, but only recently have become interested in reclaiming this aspect of their family history. Despite their differences, racial shifters share a conviction that they have Indian blood when asserting claims of indigeneity. Becoming Indian explores the social and cultural values that lie behind this phenomenon and delves into the motivations of these Americans to reinscribe their autobiographies and find deep personal and collective meaning in reclaiming their Indianness, a process that reveals much about the shifting politics of race and indigeneity in the United States today.

#to read #indigenous

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saptaxhub · 17 days ago

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Digital Signature Certificate for Import-Export Code (IEC) Registration

The Import-Export Code (IEC) is a unique identification number required by businesses involved in the import or export of goods and services in India. One of the mandatory requirements for IEC registration is the submission of documents using a Digital Signature Certificate (DSC). This blog explains the importance of DSCs in the IEC registration process, how they are used, and why securing your DSC is crucial for your business’s growth in international trade.

What is the Import-Export Code (IEC)?

The Import-Export Code (IEC) is a key business identification number provided by the Directorate General of Foreign Trade (DGFT). It is mandatory for businesses wishing to engage in international trade activities. Whether you’re a manufacturer, wholesaler, or trader, an IEC is essential for clearing goods through customs, making payments for exports/imports, and availing other export benefits.

Why is a Digital Signature Certificate (DSC) Needed for IEC Registration?

E-Filing Requirement: The DGFT requires businesses to submit their IEC registration forms electronically via the DGFT portal. To sign and submit these online forms, you need a Digital Signature Certificate (DSC). This DSC ensures that the forms are validated and processed by the authorities without the risk of fraud.

Ensures Legal Validity: A DSC is recognized under the Information Technology Act, 2000, and serves as a legally valid electronic signature. This makes it possible for the IEC application to be processed legally, just like a traditional paper submission.

Prevents Tampering: The use of encryption technology in DSCs ensures that the information submitted for IEC registration cannot be altered once it’s been signed, thus preventing tampering or fraudulent modifications to the documents.

Faster Processing: Using a DSC speeds up the entire IEC registration process. Since the registration is done electronically, you can avoid delays associated with manual document submission and processing.

How to Apply for IEC Registration with a DSC

Obtain a Digital Signature Certificate (DSC): To apply for an IEC, you first need to obtain a DSC from a Certifying Authority (CA). You can choose between Class 2 and Class 3 DSCs, with Class 3 being the more secure option for business-related applications like IEC registration.

Prepare the Required Documents: The DGFT requires various documents for IEC registration, such as the PAN card, proof of address, bank certificate, and the identity of the applicant. Along with these documents, you will need your DSC to authenticate and sign the application.

Register on the DGFT Portal: Visit the DGFT’s official website and create an account. After registering, log in to complete the IEC application form online. During this process, you’ll be asked to upload your documents.

Attach the DSC: Once you’ve completed the form and uploaded all the necessary documents, you’ll need to sign the form using your DSC. This step ensures the authenticity of the registration application and validates your submission.

Submit the Application: After attaching your DSC, submit the application. The DGFT will process your application, and once it is approved, your IEC will be issued electronically.

Benefits of Using DSC for IEC Registration

Security: The encryption technology in DSCs secures your business’s data and ensures that sensitive information remains protected during the registration process.

Legitimacy: With a DSC, you can ensure that your IEC registration is legally valid, reducing the chances of rejection or delays due to discrepancies.

Efficiency: The use of DSC reduces the manual effort involved in IEC registration and ensures that your application is processed more quickly.

Reduced Fraud Risks: Since the DSC links your identity to the submitted documents, it prevents any fraudulent or unauthorized transactions, protecting your business from potential legal and financial issues.

Conclusion

A Digital Signature Certificate (DSC) plays an integral role in securing and facilitating the Import-Export Code (IEC) registration process. By ensuring the authenticity of your online submission and protecting your business’s sensitive data, a DSC is essential for those seeking to engage in international trade. For a smooth IEC registration experience, consult with the Best CA Firm in Delhi, which can help you obtain a DSC and guide you through the entire registration process, ensuring your business is ready for global expansion.

#gst registration #ca firm in delhi

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legal-guide123 · 2 months ago

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Steps to Legally Transfer Property to a Wife After Husband’s Demise: A Complete Guide

Losing a loved one is always difficult, and dealing with legal formalities in the aftermath can be overwhelming. One of the key concerns for a surviving spouse is the transfer of property after the husband's demise. In this comprehensive guide, we will explore the necessary steps to legally transfer property to a wife, preparations before property transfer, essential documents, and how to navigate the legal process.

Also Read: Wife's Property Rights After Husband's Death

Preparations Before Property Transfer

Before initiating the process of transferring property after a husband's demise, certain preparations are necessary to ensure the process goes smoothly. Proper preparation can prevent delays and avoid disputes among legal heirs.

Gather All Relevant Documents

Start by collecting all the relevant documents that will be needed during the transfer process. These include:

The husband’s death certificate.

The original property documents (sale deed, title deed, etc.).

Identification proofs of the wife and other legal heirs.

Marriage certificate to prove the wife’s relationship with the deceased.

Any existing will, if applicable.

Review Debts and Liabilities

Check if the property is free from encumbrances or loans. If the property is mortgaged, you may need to settle the outstanding loan or arrange for the loan to be transferred in the wife’s name.

Understand the Type of Property

Determine whether the property is self-acquired or ancestral, as different laws may apply. Also, check if the property is jointly owned, as this can simplify the transfer process.

Essential Documents for Property Transfer

To ensure a smooth property transfer, you will need to submit a set of important documents to the authorities. Here is a list of essential documents required for transferring property to the wife:

Death Certificate: A copy of the husband's death certificate issued by the local municipal authority.

Legal Heir Certificate: If there is no will, this certificate identifies the legal heirs of the deceased.

Succession Certificate: Required for movable assets like bank accounts and shares.

Will (if available): If the husband left a will, submit a copy along with the probate order.

Marriage Certificate: To establish the wife’s legal relationship with the deceased.

Property Ownership Documents: The title deed or sale deed of the property.

Identification Proofs: Aadhaar card, PAN card, or voter ID of the wife and other legal heirs.

Tips for Organizing Your Estate Affairs

Proper estate planning can help reduce confusion and ensure the smooth transfer of assets. Here are a few tips:

Create a Will: A well-drafted will can simplify the property transfer process for surviving family members.

Update Legal Documents: Regularly update ownership records, nominee details, and any outstanding loans.

Discuss with Family: Make sure your loved ones are aware of your property and estate arrangements.

Seek Legal Advice: Consult with a lawyer to ensure that your estate planning is legally sound.

The Legal Process of Property Transfer

The legal process of property transfer depends on whether the deceased left behind a will or not. Let's explore both scenarios.

If the Husband Left a Will:

File for Probate: Probate is the legal process through which a will is authenticated by the court. This process involves submitting the will to the district or high court, depending on the value of the property.

Executor Transfers Property: Once the probate is granted, the executor named in the will transfers the property to the wife.

Mutation of Property: The wife needs to apply for the mutation of property in her name by submitting the probate order and relevant documents to the local municipal authority.

If There Is No Will (Intestate Succession):

Obtain Legal Heir Certificate: The wife will need to apply for a Legal Heir Certificate to establish her legal right to the property.

Apply for Succession Certificate (for Movable Property): In cases involving movable assets, the wife must obtain a Succession Certificate from the court.

Mutate the Property: Once the legal heir certificate is obtained, the wife can apply for the mutation of the property in her name.

How to Initiate the Process of Transfer

To initiate the process of transferring property after the husband’s demise, follow these steps:

Get the Death Certificate: Obtain the husband’s death certificate from the local municipal authority.

File for Probate (if there is a will): Submit the will to the court to get it authenticated through probate.

Apply for Legal Heir Certificate: If there is no will, submit an application to the local revenue or civil court to obtain the Legal Heir Certificate.

Submit Necessary Documents for Mutation: Provide all required documents to the land revenue office or municipal authority to mutate the property in the wife’s name.

Probate and Its Role in Property Transfer

Probate is the judicial process of validating a will in court. It is required to ensure that the will is legally binding and that the executor can proceed with the transfer of property. Probate is necessary in some states, such as Maharashtra and West Bengal, even if the will is undisputed. The process involves:

Filing the will in court.

Verifying the will's authenticity.

Granting the executor the right to distribute the deceased's assets.

Factors Affecting Property Transfer

Several factors can affect the smooth transfer of property:

Existence of a Will: The presence of a valid will simplifies the process.

Legal Disputes: Disputes between legal heirs can delay the transfer.

Outstanding Loans: If the property has a mortgage, the loan must be settled before the transfer.

Debts and Liabilities Impacting Transfer

Before transferring property, it’s crucial to settle any outstanding debts or liabilities on the property, such as:

Home Loans or Mortgages: The wife must either repay the loan or transfer it to her name.

Unpaid Taxes: Property taxes or other dues must be cleared before the property can be transferred.

Joint Ownership and Rights of Survivorship

If the property was jointly owned by the husband and wife, the process of transfer is simpler. In such cases:

The wife becomes the sole owner of the property automatically upon the husband’s death, thanks to the right of survivorship.

The only legal requirement is to mutate the property records to reflect the change in ownership.

Step-by-Step Guide to Transfer Property

Here is a quick step-by-step guide to transferring property:

Obtain the death certificate.

Gather all property and legal documents.

File for probate (if necessary).

Apply for Legal Heir or Succession Certificate (if no will exists).

Submit documents for mutation to transfer property ownership.

How to File the Deceased’s Will

To file the deceased's will, follow these steps:

Locate the Will: Ensure that you have the original copy of the will.

Submit to Court for Probate: File an application with the local court to initiate the probate process.

Provide Executor Information: Include details about the executor named in the will.

Navigating Inheritance Laws and Regulations

India has different inheritance laws based on religion. Understanding these laws is crucial to determining how property is distributed:

Hindu Succession Act, 1956: Governs Hindus, Buddhists, Jains, and Sikhs.

Muslim Personal Law (Shariat): Governs Muslims.

Indian Succession Act, 1925: Applies to Christians, Parsis, and Jews.

Tax Implications and Considerations

When property is transferred, tax implications must be considered:

Inheritance Tax: India does not have an inheritance tax, but stamp duty and capital gains tax may apply.

Capital Gains Tax: If the wife decides to sell the inherited property, she may be liable for capital gains tax on the appreciation of the property value.

Understanding Estate Taxes and Exemptions

While India does not levy an estate tax, inheriting property may still involve taxes such as stamp duty and registration fees during the transfer process. These taxes vary depending on the state and property value.

Tips for Minimizing Tax Burden on Inherited Property

To minimize the tax burden on inherited property:

Consider holding onto the property for a longer period to reduce capital gains tax.

Explore exemptions under the Income Tax Act, such as Section 54, for reinvestment in another property.

Common Challenges and Solutions

a) Disputes Among Heirs

Disagreements among legal heirs can delay the property transfer process. If disputes arise, the wife may need to file a partition suit or negotiate a settlement.

b) Missing Documents

If property documents are missing, apply for certified copies from the land registry office or municipal authority.

Dispute Resolution Among Heirs

If disputes arise among heirs, mediation or legal intervention may be required. Courts can intervene to ensure fair distribution under the applicable succession laws.

Avoiding Delays in Property Transfer

To avoid delays, ensure that all necessary documents are in order and that no outstanding debts or legal disputes exist. Engaging a lawyer early in the process can help smoothen the procedure.

Conclusion

Transferring property to a wife after a husband's demise can be a complex and emotional process, but by following the correct legal procedures and preparing the necessary documents, the process can be made smoother. Whether a will exists or not, understanding the legal framework, tax implications, and the steps involved will help ensure a seamless transfer of ownership, allowing the wife to secure her rightful inheritance with ease. If in doubt, consulting with a legal expert can provide additional clarity and assistance.

#Transfer Property from Husband to Wife After Death #legal services #legal advice #family law #legalhelp #legal consultation

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cash-app-transfer-limits · 3 months ago

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How to Upgrade Your Cash App Transaction Limits Quickly

Cash App has become a popular tool for managing digital transactions, providing users with a convenient way to send, receive, and store money. However, like all financial platforms, Cash App has set limits on various types of transactions to ensure security and regulatory compliance. Understanding these transaction limits—and knowing how to increase them—can enhance your Cash App experience, allowing you to use the platform more effectively. This article provides a comprehensive summary of Cash App transaction limits and offers practical steps to increase them.

Understanding Cash App Transaction Limits

Cash App sets limits on different types of transactions to protect users and maintain platform integrity. These limits apply to various transactions, including sending, receiving, withdrawing, and transferring funds. Here's a breakdown of the primary Cash App limits:

Cash App Sending Limit: When you first set up your Cash App account, the sending limit is set at $250 per week. This means you can send up to $250 within any seven days. However, this limit can be increased by verifying your account.

Cash App Receiving Limit: The initial receiving limit for Cash App is $1,000 within a 30-day period. Like the sending limit, this can be increased by completing the account verification process.

Cash App Withdrawal Limit Per Day: The daily withdrawal limit from ATMs using the Cash App card is set at $1,000 per 24-hour period. For Bitcoin withdrawals, the daily limit is $2,000 worth of Bitcoin.

Cash App Transfer Limit: Cash App allows you to transfer up to $2,500 per day to a linked bank account. This limit applies to all types of transfers from your Cash App balance.

Cash App Bitcoin Withdrawal Limit: Cash App users can withdraw up to $2,000 worth of Bitcoin per 24-hour period and up to $5,000 per week.

Cash App Limit Per Week: For sending funds, the default limit is $250 per week unless the account is verified, at which point the limit can increase significantly, often up to $7,500 per week.

How to Increase Your Cash App Transaction Limits?

Increasing your Cash App transaction limits involves a few straightforward steps. Here's how you can do it:

Verify Your Cash App Account: The most direct way to increase your transaction limits on Cash App is by verifying your account. To verify your account, you need to provide your full name, date of birth, and the last four digits of your Social Security number. Once verified, your sending limit can increase from $250 per week to up to $7,500 per week, and your receiving limit becomes unlimited.

Enable Two-Factor Authentication (2FA): Adding an extra layer of security by enabling two-factor authentication can not only protect your account but also may improve your eligibility for higher limits.

Build a Positive Transaction History: Consistently using Cash App for transactions and maintaining a positive balance can help build a trustworthy transaction history. Over time, Cash App may increase your limits based on your usage patterns and account activity.

Contact Cash App Support: If your transaction needs exceed the default or verified limits, you can contact Cash App support directly to request a higher limit. Be prepared to provide additional documentation or identification to support your request.

Upgrade to a Higher Tier Cash Card: While upgrading your Cash Card might not directly impact your Cash App limits, some higher-tier cards come with added benefits and features that could indirectly enhance your overall Cash App experience.

FAQs About Cash App Transaction Limits

Q1: What is the Cash App transaction limit per day?

A1: The Cash App transaction limit per day varies depending on the type of transaction. For ATM withdrawals, the limit is $1,000 per 24-hour period. For Bitcoin withdrawals, it is $2,000 worth of Bitcoin per day. The transfer limit to a bank account is up to $2,500 per day.

Q2: How can I increase my Cash App sending limit?

A2: To increase Cash App sending limit, you need to verify your account by providing your full name, date of birth, and the last four digits of your Social Security number. Once verified, the sending limit can increase from $250 per week to up to $7,500 per week.

Q3: What is the Cash App Bitcoin withdrawal limit?

A3: The Cash App Bitcoin withdrawal limit is $2,000 worth of Bitcoin per 24-hour period and $5,000 per week.

Q4: Can I increase my Cash App withdrawal limit per day?

A4: Yes, you can increase Cash App withdrawal limit per day by verifying your account and maintaining a good transaction history. Additionally, contacting Cash App support to request a higher limit may be effective.

Q5: Why does Cash App have a limit on transactions?

A5: Cash App has limits on transactions to enhance security, comply with regulatory requirements, and manage risks associated with financial transactions.

Q6: What should I do if I reach my Cash App transaction limit?

A6: If you reach your Cash App transaction limit, you will need to wait for the limit to reset after 24 hours for daily limits or after seven days or 30 days for weekly and monthly limits, respectively. Alternatively, you can contact Cash App support to discuss a possible increase.

Q7: How does the Cash App daily limit reset?

A7: Cash App daily limits typically reset 24 hours after reaching the limit. For example, if you hit your daily ATM withdrawal limit of $1,000, you will need to wait 24 hours from that point for the limit to reset.

By understanding and managing your Cash App transaction limits effectively, you can ensure a seamless experience while using the platform. Whether you are sending money, withdrawing cash, or transferring funds, knowing how to increase your limits provides you with greater flexibility and control over your financial transactions.

#Cash App daily limit reset

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