#Djehutynakht

[egypt-museum]

"The Bersha Procession", one of 100 wooden models from the tomb of Djehutynakht. This model shows the funerary procession, with offerings of tribute for the deceased. Three women with offerings of food and drink are led by a Priest carrying a wine jug and incense burner. Middle Kingdom, 11th Dynasty, c. 2010–1961 B.C. Deir el-Bersha, Tomb 10, pit A. Tomb of Djehutynakht Now in the Boston Museum of Fine Arts. 21.326

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[goddesblackwidow]

Model of a procession of offering bearers ("The Bersha Procession")

Among the more than one hundred wooden models found scattered throughout the tomb of Djehutynakht, the quality of this procession of offering bearers stands out from the others. The skill and delicacy with which it was carved and painted rank it among the finest wooden models ever found in Egypt. It shows a man and three women bringing offerings to sustain the ka of Djehutynakht in the afterlife. Each figure advances with the left leg forward, following the convention of larger scale Egyptian sculpture and relief.

[archaeologicalnews]

This 4,000-Year-Old Mummy Just Solved a Century-Old Mystery

A team of forensic scientists has managed to extract DNA from a 4,000-year-old mummy, and their finding has solved a century-old mystery of its ransacked tomb.

The Egyptian mummy wasn't a fully preserved corpse, but rather a decapitated, mutilated, bandage-wrapped head that archaeologists found on top of a coffin when they excavated a tomb back in 1915. And that was the source of the mystery.

As the researchers explained in a paper published March 1 in the journal Genes, the tomb belonged to an Egyptian Middle Kingdom governor named Djehutynakht. But by the time modern scientists found the tomb, it had been ransacked; it was robbed in ancient times. In an article describing the discovery, The New York Times reported that the robbers had set the place on fire "to cover their tracks." 

All that remained of the tomb's occupants was a dismembered torso in one corner of the tomb and a head placed on top of Djehutynakht's coffin. Read more.

[alightinthelantern]

Identity of Ancient Mummy Decoded, Through DNA Extracted from Tooth

Four thousand years ago a provincial governor named Djehutynakht and his wife were laid to rest in a tomb at the bottom of a pit thirty feet deep. In 1915, when the tomb was discovered, among the myriad others located in the necropolis of Deir el-Bersha, its contents were revealed to the modern world. Looted in ancient times, most of the valuables once laid with the couple were long gone, and the tomb itself was in disaray, but statuettes of wood by the dozens were found, among many other burial goods such as walking canes, canopic jars, and pottery, making the remaining collection one of the largest extant burial assemblages from the Middle Kingdom.

And inside four magnificent coffins, crafted from great planks of imported cedar and painted meticulously by hand, lay the dislodged, battered bodies of the governor and his wife themselves. And outside the coffins, situated atop the outer coffin of Governor Djehutynakht, was a severed, mummified head. For a century the identity of the head has remained a mystery, with it being impossible to positively identify whether the head belonged to the governor or his wife. With advancements in the science of DNA extraction and sequencing in the 2000s, there were hopes that, through extraction and reading of DNA from some part of the mummy’s head, the gender and thus identity of the head might be revealed. And last month, through the efforts of an FBI forensics team headed by forensics scientist Odile Loreille, they’ve finally succeeded. (full story here)

[theancientwayoflife]

~ Heart of the mummy of Djehutynakht. Culture: Egyptian Period: Middle Kingdom Date: 2010–1961 B.C. Place of origin: Deir el-Bersha, Egypt

[letsgostealthelouvre]

The Louvre holds, as part of its collection, the mummified head of a woman who lived about 3500 years ago. According to the Louvre, she was “found in the Egyptian expedition of 1799″. As far as I can tell that obliquely refers to Napoleon’s military invasion of Egypt which began in 1798, so it wasn’t “found” as much as it was “looting by invading military forces”.

It’s not on exhibit, which is probably for the best. You can follow the link to see a photograph of her if you like, and it’s an extremely compelling image, but I decided to talk about it instead of sharing it here, as a sort of symbolic reminder of the origin of some of the images I do share here.

I haven’t talked about how the Louvre acquired a lot of its antiquities, in part because I haven’t done extensive research on it, but that doesn’t mean I haven’t been thinking about it. Museums do legitimately acquire objects from ancient history; the Oriental Institute in Chicago has done several digs in partnership with the modern Egyptian government where it was agreed that the Oriental Institute would acquire some of the objects (if any) that were unearthed, and as a result I’m able to take a short train ride and explore the stunning wonders of the ancient world. But I think we’re also all aware that a lot of the ancient holdings of European and American museums are the result of, at best, grave-robbing, and at worst brutal military invasion. (Not just ancient holdings of course -- some museums hold Nazi-looted art, for example -- but that’s discourse for when I get there, and for now we’re talking about the ancient world.) 

My first true encounter with the discomfiting sensation of “should we be doing this?” was about twenty years ago; I was in the Boston Museum of Fine Arts, in the Egyptian collection, and they had the head of a mummified Egyptian, just the head, on exhibit. It may have been Djehutynakht, although I saw the head somewhere beetween 1999-2003 and articles about him seem adamant that he wasn’t exhibited until 2009 when he was identified. In any case I can’t find any other mummy heads in the MFA online collection. Djehutynakht was theoretically acquired with the permission of the Egyptian government, but in 1915 the Egyptian government was a very recently invaded “protectorate” of Britain, so take that with a grain of salt.

Anyway, the upshot is that I saw a head much like the one in the Louvre, in a glass case in an art museum, and had a very disquieting sensation about exhibiting ancient human bodies. It does happen, especially with ancient Egyptian remains, and America has a sordid history with the body-theft, desecration, and exhibition of Indigenous remains; fortunately museums are beginning to correct this, but it’s a slow process and underfunded.

I’m not a scholar of ancient art and I’m certainly not a scholar of museum science; I know that this is an ongoing discussion, occasionally a justifiably heated one, and ties into concerns like the return of the Parthenon Marbles. I’m not qualified to wade into the debate fully. Some of the Louvre’s holdings, maybe even the majority of them, may be justifiably legit and acquired ethically (there is a vast difference between ethical and legal when the country the museum resides in has a history of invading the country the items came from). 

But it did feel important to talk about, to bring up the idea even if I don’t fully explicate it or state an opinion on it: that what you see here is beautiful, important to human history, and imbued with great meaning -- and also not always (not usually, up until now) of the culture in which it resides, whether it came there legitimately or not. 

[historical-nonfiction]

The Mystery Mummy Head - Solved!

In 1915, American archaeologists working at the ancient Egyptian necropolis of Deir el-Bersha were surprised to blast into a limestone tomb, and be greeted by a mummy's head perched on a cedar coffin. The room, labeled Tomb 10A, turned out to be the final resting place for a governor named Djehutynakht and his wife. At some point in their 4,000 years of slumber, graverobbers broke in and ransacked the tomb. All their precious objects and jewelry were taken. But the heavy coffin, the head, and its limbless torso were left for the surprised archaeologists to find thousands of years later.

A recent DNA analysis of the head, with help from the FBI, revealed the head belonged to Djehutynakht himself. The analysis was done based on DNA extracted from a molar. Besides solving a hundred-year-old mystery, this is one of the first times viable DNA has been recovered from an ancient Egyptian mummy!

[danieleneandermancini]

IL "LIBRO DELLE DUE VIE", UNA MAPPA PER L'ALDILA' EGIZIANO

Nel marzo/aprile del 2012, vicino alla città egiziana di Minya,  il Progetto Dayr al-Barsha, dell’università belga KU Leuven, ha scavato nel sito del complesso funerario di Medio Regno del nomarca Ahanakht I. La tomba di Ahanakht I è piuttosto conosciuta, dal momento che è stata esplorata tra il 1891 ed il 1891 e completamente scavata dall‘archeologo americano George Andrew Reisnernel 1915,…

[lisablasstudio]

Monday's image: April 16, 2018

Egyptian, Middle Kingdom, late Dynasty II - early Dynasty, Model of men herding cattle, Wood, 63 x 18 x 26 centimeters, 2010-1961 B.C., Museum of Fine Arts Boston, Massachusetts

[newsgur]

4.00 años de misterio en Egipto

Un equipo de científicos forenses ha logrado extraer ADN de una momia de 4.000 años de antigüedad, y su descubrimiento ha resuelto un misterio centenario de esta tumba que fue saqueada. La momia egipcia no era un cadáver completamente preservado, sino más bien una cabeza decapitada, mutilada y envuelta en vendajes que los arqueólogos encontraron sobre un ataúd cuando excavaron una tumba en 1915. Y esa era la fuente del misterio. Como explicaron los investigadores en un artículo publicado el pasado marzo en la revista Genes, la tumba pertenecía a un gobernador egipcio del Reino Medio llamado Djehutynakht pero en su momento esto se desconocía.

http://mx.newsgur.com/2018/04/400-anos-de-misterio-en-egipto.html

[seshatthout]

This small model box, painted black and cream, was found to fit in the upraised hand of the female offering bearer at the rear of the model funerary procession of Djehutynakht (21.326). From Egypt, Deir el-Bersha, Tomb 10, pit A. 1915: Excavated by the Harvard University-Boston Museum of Fine Arts Expedition, May 1915; 1921: assigned to the MFA by the government of Egypt. (Accession Date: March 1, 1921) EgyptianMiddle Kingdom, late Dynasty 11 or early Dynasty2040–1926 B.C.Findspot: Egypt, Deir el-Bersha, Tomb 10 (Djehutynakht) #egypt #history #art #photography #university #travel #france #fashion #japan #news #china #india #beauty #trending #travelphotography https://www.instagram.com/p/CNjck3sHmZj/?igshid=1a714ktg6tig8

[avigilantegyptian]

F.B.I. has worked with the MFA to understand more about the mummy of Djehutynakht using genetic investigation. Djehutynakht is a high ranking government official in Ancient Egypt who lived during the early Middle Kingdom. The results showed that he had a Eurasian DNA lineage. ⁣ ⁣ Djehutynakht's remains were found at the necropolis of Deir el-Bersha, 250 km South of Cairo. His tomb dates to the end of the 11th and beginning of the 12th dynasties.  ⁣ ⁣ The observed U5 lineage could reflect interactions between Egypt and the Near East that date back as far as the Predynastic and the early Dynastic periods. ⁣ ⁣ Out of the mtDNA sequences recovered from ancient Egyptian human remains, the Djehutynakht sequence most closely resembles a U5a lineage of a 2000-year-old skeleton from Abusir el-Meleq — according to the Verena J. Schuenemann et al. (2017) Abusir Mummies study. ⁣ ⁣ As the F.B.I. scientists worked to confirm their results, another group affiliated with the Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History in Germany reported a successful extraction of ancient DNA from Egyptian mummies. Their results showed that Djehutynakht's genetic findings fit well with what the F.B.I.-MFA team had found, says Alexander Peltzer—a population geneticist at the Planck Institute and an author on the Abusir Mummies paper. This is important because it adds to the scientific consensus on the predominantly Eastern origin of the Ancient Egyptians.⁣ ⁣ -Loreille, O., Ratnayake, S., Bazinet, A., Stockwell, T., Sommer, D., Rohland, N., Irwin, J. (2018). Biological Sexing of a 4000-Year-Old Egyptian Mummy Head to Assess the Potential of Nuclear DNA Recovery from the Most Damaged and Limited Forensic Specimens. Genes, 9(3), 135. doi:10.3390/genes9030135⁣ -Schuenemann, V. J., Peltzer, A., Welte, B., Pelt, W. P., Molak, M., Wang, C., Krause, J. (2017). Ancient Egyptian mummy genomes suggest an increase of Sub-Saharan African ancestry in post-Roman periods. Nature Communications, 8(1). doi:10.1038/ncomms15694⁣ https://www.instagram.com/p/CIDRfvnH2pU/?igshid=1mpgtetjcigi4

[painterlegendx]

What I Wish Everyone Knew About Painting In Classical Greek Era - Painting In Classical Greek Era

Egyptologists accept apparent the oldest archetype of what is actuality alleged the world’s aboriginal illustrated book, a 4,000-year-old copy of the “Book of Two Ways,” an age-old Egyptian adviser to the afterlife advised to be a advertiser to the “Book of the Dead.” The argument predates advanced accepted versions by some 40 years.

Greek Painting | Essential Humanities - painting in classical greek era | painting in classical greek era The acquisition was aboriginal appear in the Journal of Egyptian Archaeology in September by Harco Willems, a assistant at the University of Leuven in Belgium.Unlike avant-garde books, these celebrated writings weren’t inscribed on apprenticed pages, but on the walls of sarcophagi. They were meant to aid the asleep through the perilous adventure to the underworld, during which they ability be aggress by demons or angry fires. If one were to casting the actual spells, he or she ability accomplish immortality.Though the plank’s inscriptions advertence a governor alleged Djehutynakht, Willems’s analysis has appear that the casket originally captivated the charcoal of a woman alleged Ankh, referred to throughout the argument as “he.” That is in befitting with Egyptian mythology, area activation was the ambit of macho deities, and asleep women adopted macho pronouns to be added like Osiris, god of death.

Ancient Greek art - Wikipedia - painting in classical greek era | painting in classical greek era Coffin bits address the age-old accepted adaptation of the “Book of Two Ways,” an age-old Egyptian argument advised the world’s aboriginal illustrated book. Photo address of Harco Willems.“To me, what’s funny is the abstraction that how you survive in the netherworld is bidding in macho terms,” Willems told the New York Times.The Egyptologist has overseen address at the Coptic necropolis of Dayr al-Barshā, acclimated as a cemetery during the Middle Kingdom period, from about 2055 to 1650 B.C, back 2001. He biconcave the age-old casket bits about 20 anxiety bottomward a burying shaft at the circuitous of an age-old Egyptian bigoted governor, or nomarch, alleged Ahanakhtin, in 2012.

Classical Greek painting - ancient Greece - Quatr.us Study .. | painting in classical greek era The brittle accompaniment of the artifacts, again ransacked by looters continued ago, prevented them from actuality advised until now.This angel of Pharoah Mentuhotep II was begin at the armpit of Deir el-Bahri in Egypt. Photo address of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.The planks of copse buck carved ink inscriptions and corrective illustrations meant to ensure acknowledged access through the netherworld to Rostau, the branch of Osiris. (The argument is alleged the “Book of Two Ways” because it offers instructions on how to biking either by acreage or by water.)

10 Ancient Greek Artworks You Should Know - painting in classical greek era | painting in classical greek era The pigments, however, accept achromatic with time, and the aside arrangement are arresting abundantly acknowledgment to aerial resolution imagery processed with DStretch software.Based on inscriptions on added tomb artifacts referencing Pharaoh Mentuhotep II, who reigned until 2010 B.C., Willems believes this anew articular “Book of Two Ways” is at atomic four decades earlier than any of the two dozen advanced accepted versions of the text. What I Wish Everyone Knew About Painting In Classical Greek Era - Painting In Classical Greek Era - painting in classical greek era | Delightful to help our blog, in this particular moment I'll teach you concerning keyword. And from now on, this can be the first graphic:

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[arts-dance]

The Map That Revealed How Ancient Egyptians Pictured the Afterlife

Gabrielle Hick

Dec 8, 2017 1 Hunefer Book of the Dead.   Hunefer's Book of the Dead. Photo by Steven Zucker via Flickr. In the spring of 1915, in the dry, heavy heat of the Egyptian desert, an expedition of archaeologists unearthed the final resting place of a man and his wife. The team—made jointly of representatives from Harvard University and the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston—made their discovery in a place called Deir el-Bersha, on the east bank of the river Nile and far south of the pyramids of Giza. The deceased man, as it turned out, was a former administrative official. At the time of the couple’s death, during Egypt’s Middle Kingdom (ca. 2040–1640 BCE), the tomb had been resplendent with grave goods. But throughout the following centuries, it fell victim to the ravages of looters. Anything that appeared valuable (jewelry and gold, mostly likely) was spirited away. What remained—and what the archaeologists found millennia later—were the coffins that had housed the remains of the couple, both named Djehutynakht. Made of imported cedar, and nested (the male Djehutynakht had two progressively smaller coffins, and his wife had three), the coffins proved one of the most valuable finds of Egyptian archaeological history. Back side panel of the outer coffin of Djehutynakht, 2010–1961 B.C. Harvard University—Boston Museum of Fine Arts Expedition. © Museum of Fine Arts, Boston.

Back side panel of the outer coffin of Djehutynakht, 2010–1961 B.C. Harvard University—Boston Museum of Fine Arts Expedition. © Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. Today, this ancient burial chamber is known as Tomb 10A. Several of the wooden coffins found within were covered with writing and painted iterations of food, clothing, and funerary objects—almost all of it on the interior, on the surfaces closest to the deceased. The scope and content of the decoration astounded archaeologists and revealed much about how the Egyptians manifested visual representations of death, the afterlife, and funerary practices.   For the ancient Egyptians, death was not a conclusion, but rather an act of revival: With the proper assistance, the deceased could reach the afterlife and enjoy existence in that realm. But it wouldn’t be easy. “They believed reaching the afterlife would be a challenge,” explains Denise Doxey, curator of ancient Egyptian, Nubian, and near Eastern art at the MFA Boston. The writing on the coffins’ interior—dubbed the Coffin Texts—“were thought to protect [the Egyptians] against the dangers they would face en route to the afterlife,” Doxey continues. “Scenes in tombs and on coffins were intended to magically produce food, clothing and other provisions for use in the afterlife.” In Tomb 10A, for example, images of jewelry, weapons, pillows, and even shoes find their way onto the wood. In addition, Doxey notes, the burial chamber contained the most wooden funerary models ever found in a single tomb—sculptural representations of real-life objects that would provide sustenance and more in the afterlife. As Tomb 10A revealed, the Egyptians believed a painted set of sandals would be as much help in the afterlife as actual woven ones.   But before the food and the sandals and the weapons could be used, the deceased first had to find his or her way to the afterlife—a journey rife with trials and dangers. Prior to the Middle Kingdom, Doxey says, Egyptians relied on either written texts or verbal descriptions to find their way. But in Tomb 10A, painted on the interior of one of the coffins, was one of the first known maps to the underworld: a visual diagram detailing how best to get to the afterlife. Known as the Book of Two Ways, the map was visualized as two undulating paths, replete with gatekeepers and demons one would encounter on the way to the afterlife. Head of the inner coffin of Governor Djehutynakht, 2010–1961 B.C. Harvard University—Boston Museum of Fine Arts Expedition. © Museum of Fine Arts, Boston.

Head of the inner coffin of Governor Djehutynakht, 2010–1961 B.C. Harvard University—Boston Museum of Fine Arts Expedition. © Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. In a 1950 article penned by Wilhelm Bonacker, the Book of Two Ways is classified as the oldest example of the “Guides to the Beyond.” There are six of these Guides, including the Book of Two Ways, and all but one are illustrated. “Pictures,” Bonacker writes, “are essential supplements to the inscriptions, the sense of which cannot be grasped without them.”   Although the exteriors of the coffins at Deir el-Bersha are only sparsely decorated when compared to their interiors, they do feature several sets of painted eyes. As was the practice in the Middle Kingdom, the body would be laid on its side, allowing the deceased to peer out through the eyes at any visitors to the burial chamber. Today, we have the opportunity to rest our own eyes on the coffins from Tomb 10A. To see them is to see the objects that accompanied Djehutynakht and his wife into the afterlife. And to see the Book of Two Ways, painted underfoot, is to see the route they took to get there.

https://www.artsy.net/article/artsy-editorial-map-revealed-ancient-egyptians-pictured-afterlife

Hunefer's Book of the Dead

[tobasaurus]

Governor Djehutynakht's

[kepoinus]

Identitas Mumi Berusia 4.000 Tahun Terungkap Melalui Gigi

Identitas Mumi Berusia 4.000 Tahun Terungkap Melalui Gigi

[ad_1] Sejak 1915, sebuah kepala mumi yang terputus ditemukan di sudut makam yang dijarah di daerah Mesir kuno Deir el-Barsha. Para arkeolog sempat bingung megenai identitas kepala mumi tersebut. Awalnya, makam tersebut diyakini milik seorang gubernur bernama Djehutynakht dan istrinya. “Kami tidak pernah tahu apakah kepala tersebut merupakan Djehutynakht atau istrinya,” ucap Kurator Museum of…