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Assignment 4

My research topic was- is there any association between raised by other then biological parents & personality disorders. Here I created two secondary variable VAR_1(which represents the individuals raised without biological parents) & VAR_2 (which represents the individuals have personality disorders who raised without biological parents). Here VAR_1 is independent variable & VAR_2 is response variable. From the uni-variate table we see the mean & standard deviation  of VAR_1 is 14.35 & 12.87. The mean of VAR_2 is 239.28 &  standard deviation is 136.7732.   At first created a two uni variate for VAR_1 & VAR_2. Below you will see the bar chart for these uni variate. Then for categorical explanatory variable VAR_1 & quantitative VAR_2 we get a mean bar chart.  In this we can see although there is linear relationship, we can see a weak positive association between VAR_1 & VAR_2. So from this bar we also can say that there is a week positive association between personality disorders & raised by other then biological parents.

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Assignment 3

My Research topic is to find out is there any associaton between raised by other then biological parents & personality disorder. There are 41679 missing value, raised by other then biological parents the number is 1,131. Secondary variables are  15, 16, 17. 18.

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COURSERA Assignment 2

I want to estimate is there any association between personality disorder & being raised by other than biological parents. Here are some of my variables & frequency distribution of them. here in every table variable is showing in column & observation are showing in row. 

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Trying to find out an association between PDs & being raised by other than biologcal parents.

After looking through the codebook 0f NESARC wave 1, I have decided that I am interested in personality  disorder(PD). I am interested to know that is there any association between personality disorder & being raised without biological parents. My second topic that I  would like to explore in terms of its association with my original topic who raised by their biological parents suffers from PDs less than who are not . Variables of my topics are raised by addoptive parents before age 18, raised in an institution, raised by relatives before age 18, ever trouble to work with people at office/work etc .Personality disorders (PDs) can be described as the manifestation of extreme personality traits that interfere with everyday life and contribute to significant suffering, functional limitations, or both. They are common and are frequently encountered in virtually all forms of health care. PDs are associated with an inferior quality of life (QoL), poor health, and premature mortality(Upsala Journal Medical Science). While I was looking for this are related research, I hardly found any research paper related to my topic question. Although there many article on PDs and cause factor of PDs. In 2005 Royce Lee & his team published a research paper with the headline “Childhood Trauma and Personality Disorder: Positive Correlation With Adult CSF Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Concentrations”. In this paper they want to test the hypothesis that early life trauma results in adult stress hormone alterations in individuals with personality disorders, the authors examined the relationship between history of childhood adversity and lumbar CSF corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF). They concluded that consistent with the hypothesis that the severity of early life stress is correlated with stress hormone abnormalities in adulthood, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire total scores and emotional neglect scores were significantly correlated with CSF CRF levels in individuals with personality disorders. The results of this study reveal a direct correlation between CSF CRF levels and history of childhood trauma in men with personality disorders. The results suggest that of all forms of childhood trauma assessed, childhood emotional neglect has the strongest relationship with CRF levels in personality disorders. Simone Hoermann, Ph.D., Corinne E. Zupanick, Psy.D. & Mark Dombeck, Ph.D. researchers scientifically investigate the effect of genetic influence through the use of family and twin studies. These studies was coupled with the  developed technologies of neuroscience, have led to the fairly solid conclusion that many personality traits (i.e., dispositions to behave in particular ways across situations and time) are inherited and biologically determined (Cloninger, 2005). Steven K Huprich 1, Robert F Bornstein published a article with the title “An Overview of Issues Related to Categorical and Dimensional Models of Personality Disorder Assessment”. In this article, they discuss four issues relevant to categorical vs. dimensional assessment of PDs: (a) problems with self-reports in PD patients, (b) methodological issues in behavioral and clinician assessment of PDs, (c) challenges that arise when dimensional models are applied to patient and nonpatient samples, and (d) clinical implications of categorical and dimensional PD models. We suggest that researchers and clinicians address these concerns to avoid implementing a new PD assessment model that-although different from the current system-would otherwise remain fraught with difficulties. As raised by other than biological parents is not always a good experience there might have chance to be a victim of PDs or can have a associaton between these.

Reference:

1.https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17604530/

2. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3146203/

3. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3146203/

4. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6327594/